Index
–A–
ABC-1, 86-89, 143, 165-66, 201, 205. See also United States, and Great Britain.
ABDA area, 165-66, 168-69, 172-73, 177, 202, 210, 244, 249-50, 607-10
ABDACOM, 161-63, 168-72, 174, 176-77, 179-80, 191, 198, 201-03, 240-42, 252
ABDAIR, 171
Adachi, General Hatazo, 364-65, 367-68, 565-66, 581
Admiralty Islands, 198, 313, 370, 371, 374-75, 452, 466-67, 515, 520, 525, 535-36, 551-52, 580. See also Bismarck Archipelago.
Aerial offensive, 78, 385, 458
against Germany, 79, 82, 88, 159, 377, 380-81, 459
against Japan, 91, 100, 385, 447-48, 451, 453, 524, 544, 593, 596-98, 599, 603
Aerial reconnaissance, 120-21, 313, 320-21, 340, 426, 522, 524
Africa, and RAINBOW, 72. See also North Africa; TORCH
Agattu, 430
Air bombardment. See Aerial offensive.
Air Corps, U.S. Army, and Far East Air Force, 98
Air Forces, Allied. See Allied Air Forces.
Air Forces, U.S. Army, 98, 102, 177, 208, 226, 228, 341, 353-54, 482. See also Fifth Air Force; Seventh Air Force; Eleventh Air Force; Thirteenth Air Force; Far East Air Force.
and amphibious operations, 589-90
and ANZAC, 201
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 392-93
and CARTWHEEL, 402-03
in Central Pacific, 482, 487, 489, 524
and Central Pacific offensive, 470-71, 567
command of, 257-59, 361, 374, 406, 487, 489
deployment of, 224, 329-30, 334-35, 337-39, 395, 537, 541
and Hawaiian garrison, 103
and JPS, 227-28
and JUSSC, 228-29
and Pacific offensive, 372-73
planners, 221, 258, 324, 334, 392-93, 596, 602-03
and South Pacific, 258-59, 262-63, 311, 313, 319-20, 322, 337-39, 352-54
in Southwest Pacific, 255, 325-26, 335, 391
supply and maintenance, 337
in USAFIA, 198
Air Forces, U.S. Naval, 101, 133, 219, 234, 372, 391, 392n, 470, 482, 487
and amphibious operations, 589-90
and Coral Sea, 277
and Port Moresby invasion, 277
in South Pacific, 319, 339, 391, 504
Air Forces units
Groups, 98, 326-27, 333-34, 529, 537
Squadrons, 168, 209, 219, 224, 322
70th Pursuit, 212
Air operations, 333, 562, 579. See also Aerial offensive.
Air power. See also Air reinforcements.
in ABDACOM area, 163
in Far East, 136
and Japanese war plans, 131
role of, in Army-Navy disagreements, 352-54
role of, in British strategy, 380-81
role of, in Pacific, 587
in Southwest Pacific, 186-87, 296
and TULSA, 298
Air reinforcements, 325-26. See also Air power. for Fijis, 281
MacArthur and, 388
of New Caledonia, 281
and Pensacola convoy, 153
for Philippines, 152
for South Pacific, 322, 329-33, 336-40
Air warning system at Hawaii, 103
Aircraft. See also Bombardment aircraft; Fighter aircraft; Pat10l aircraft.
control of, in South Pacific Area, 258-59
and Eastern Solomons, Battle of, 329
and Japan, war against, 600
mobility, 258
and Pacific offensive, 395
in South Pacific, 206, 319, 329-30, 339
in Southwest Pacific, 306, 329-30
and supply to Philippines, 192
Aircraft carriers, Allied, 101, 133, 143, 207, 216, 269-74, 275, 276, 279, 281, 295-96, 313, 318-20, 325, 329, 345, 350, 449, 464, 468, 482, 504, 543, 545n, 570, 572, 576-77, 587, 589, 590, 597, 599
Aircraft carriers, Japanese, 56, 108, 131, 132, 138, 167-68, 178, 200, 214, 216-17, 239, 274-77, 279- 80, 283-84, 329, 345, 349, 412-13, 575, 577, 590
Airfields, Allied, 172, 219, 385, 396, 398, 431, 503, 522, 579-80, 582, 593, 596
in Central Pacific, 464, 468, 470, 522, 598-600, 602-03
in China, 451, 459, 593, 598, 602
construction of, 313, 316-17, 319, 563-64
in Hawaii, 102-03
in North Pacific, 422-23, 425, 428, 431, 528, 531-33
in Solomons, 214-15, 388, 507, 509, 562, 577
in South Pacific, 204, 257-58, 371
in Southwest Pacific, 208, 210, 219, 306, 319-20, 371, 396, 503
in Soviet Union, 154-55, 419-20, 527-29
Airfields, Japanese, 108, 201, 214, 306, 368, 430-31, 446, 557, 575
Akin, Brig. Gen. Spencer B., 253
Alabama, 545n
Alameda, 270
Alameda Naval Station, 270
ALAMO FORCE. See Task Forces, U.S., ALAMO FORCE. Alaska. See also Aleutians; North Pacific.
air bases in, 528
Allied naval forces in, 545
and Allied strategy, 159
Army forces in, 420
Army-Navy relations in, 423-24
defense of, 146, 336, 377-78, 420
and hemisphere defense, 102
and Japan, strategy against, 528
Japanese threat to, 146-47, 420
offensive in, 425-26
and shipping, 349
submarine base at, 545
Alaska-Hawaii-Panama Triangle, 38-39, 42, 91, 102
Alaskan Defense Command, 421
Alaskan Department, 424
Alaskan Theater, 530-31
Aleutians, 27, 289, 386, 453, 458-59, 528, 590n. See also North Pacific.
Allied intelligence on, 340
bases in, 530-33
and Casablanca Conference, 429
command in, 421
forces in, 532-33
and Japan, Imperial General Headquarters, 433
and Japanese, expulsion of, 528
Japanese attack on, 278-83
in Japanese war plans, 109
and Nimitz, 473
offensive in, 421-22, 425-28, 543
and Pacific offensive, 383
and Pacific route, 70
and resources, allocation of, 428
strategic value of, 530
U.S. Fleet and, 442
Algiers, 351
Allied Air Forces, 220, 375. See also Air Forces, U.S. Army.
and ABDACOM, 179
in Battle of Bismarck Sea, 368
command of, 313
and Japanese shipping, 545-46
and Japanese strategy, 216
and Java, 178
and Port Moresby operations, 275, 277, 317
and priorities, 334
and South Pacific, 313, 319-20, 325-26
and Southwest Pacific, 253, 329, 391, 502-03, 563
Allied cooperation, 71-74, 101, 113, 155-56, 157, 451, 458, 559, 592, 597. See also United States,
and Great Britain, military cooperation. Allied Force Headquarters, 493-95
Allied forces, 159-60, 205-06, 222, 256, 276, 600. See also Deployment of U.S. forces; United States, forces.
Japanese estimate of, 111
organization of, and CARTWHEEL, 403-07, 408
Allied Land Forces, 313, 403-07, 408
Allied Naval Forces, 275-76, 403, 502, 563, 600
Allied organization in the Pacific, 244-49
Allied strength, Japanese estimate of, 111, 544-45
Allies
American aid to, 76-77. See also Great Britain, American aid to; Soviet Union, American aid to.
war aims of, 158-59, 385-86, 592-93. See also Cairo Declaration; United States, national defense policy.
Alligator. See LVTs.
Amchitka, 424-28
Americal Division. See Divisions, U.S. American-British staff conversations, 86-88. See also ABC-1; U.S., and Great Britain.
Ammunition, 145, 189, 191-92, 344
Amphibious command, 257
Amphibious craft, 505, 598. See also LVTs. Amphibious Force, South Pacific, 403
Amphibious forces. See also Amphibious Force, South Pacific; Fifth Amphibious Force; Seventh Amphibious Force.
and Attu, 430
and CARTWHEEL, 502
in Central Pacific, 489-90
and ELKTON I, 389
and Kiska, 425-26
and North Pacific offensive, 425-26, 430, 531
and South Pacific offensive, 319-20, 325
and Southwest Pacific, 343, 502-03
Amphibious operations and ANVIL, 592
and command, 294
in Gilberts, 568-73
in New Britain, 579
and Pacific offensive, 295, 370
and Philippines. 536
plans for, in Pacific, 70
and South Pacific offensive, 256
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 300
technique of, 589-90
and U.S. Navy planners, 251
Amphtrac. See LVT’s.
Anami, General K., 553, 555, 557, 591
Andaman Island, 108
Anderson, Brig Gen. Orvil A., 335, 336, 392-93
Anglo-American relations. See U.S., and Great Britain.
Anhui, 191
Ankenbrandt, Col. Francis T., 261
Antiaircraft artillery, 98, 101, 188
Antiaircraft artillery units, 103, 140, 206, 208, 219, 281, 407n, 421
Anti-Comintern Pact, 51
ANZAC area, 201-02, 215, 218, 241, 244-45, 248, 256-57
Aparri, 136
Appeasement, Allied fear of, 118
“Appreciation and Plan for the Defeat of Japan,” 593. See also Japan, plans for defeat of.
ARCADIA Conference, 158-59, 333, 378, 380
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 308
and Combined Chiefs of Staff, 225-26, 227
and Philippines, 187
and resources, allocation of, 163-64
and South Pacific, 205
Arizona, 132
Army, U.S.
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 333-34
casualties, 584-85
in Central Pacific, 459, 466, 470, 478-79
command, and ABDACOM, 170-71
and command, in Central Pacific, 476
and command, in Europe, 300
and command, in Pacific, 294, 397, 479-81, 499-501
and command, in South Pacific, 257-5$, 260-61, 262, 303
deployment of forces, 390-91, 537, 541-42
Hawaiian Department. See Hawaiian Department.
and JPS, 227
and military cooperation with British 78-79
and North Pacific Area, 424
organization of, in Central Pacific, 48g, 484-86
organization of, in Pacific, 499
and Pacific offensive, 292, 295, 300, 318, 373, 394-95, 469
and Pacific reinforcements, 3,22, 328, 335-36
preparations for war, 118-19
and resources, allocation of, 333-34, 347
and South Pacific, 257--58, 391, 459
and Southwest Pacific, 299-300, 459
strength of, 224, 390, 537, 538-41
training of, in South Pacific, 260
training of, in Southwest Pacific, 313
Army Air Forces, See Air Forces, U.S. Army.
Army planners, U.S., 27, 35-36, 75, 83, 99, 146, 153, 187-88, 2-18, 222, 280, 291, 310-11, 421-23, 427- 28, 431, 464, 467-69, 475, 480, 499-500, 523-25
and ABDACOM, 172
and Allied organization, 244
and BOLERO, 290
and Central Pacific offensive, 462, 467-68, 523-24
and command, in Central Pacific, 479
and command, in Pacific, 246, 249, 372-73, 397, 462-63, 499-500
and command, unified, 160-61, 475
and Eisenhower, staff organization of, 499-500
and ELKTON II, 391
and North Pacific, 246, 423, 427-28
and Pacific defense, 39-41, 209
and Pacific Fleet, command of, 477
and Pacific offensive, 251, 311, 464
and Pacific reinforcements, 145, 220, 282-83, 290-92, 322, 324
and Pacific strategy, 221-22, 310-11, 467-68
and Pacific theaters, cooperation between, 358
and priorities, 334
on resources, allocation of, 150
and South Pacific offensive, 305, 467-68
and Southwest Pacific, 246, 295-97
and Soviet bases, 419
and U.S. naval strategy, 292
Army-Navy Logistical Board, 492
and CARTWHEEL, 402-03
in Central Pacific, 358-59, 473, 475, 487-91, 492, 568
and command, 29-30, 246, 294, 299-300, 397-98, 475
and Halsey, 356
MacArthur and, 120-21, 311, 313
in North Africa, 493-94
in North Pacific, 423-24, 427, 430-31
in Pacific, 256, 290-91, 303-04, 326, 387-89, 495-96, 498
and resources, allocation of, 333-34
in South Pacific, 259-61, 352-57, 360, 510
in Southwest Pacific, 296-300, 357-58
and strategy, 218-19. See also Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
in USAFIA area, 152
Arnold, General Henry H., 123, 262, 353, 362, 393, 454n, 479, 605
and air deployment, 329-30, 334-35, 337-38
and air reinforcements, 329-30, 332, 337
and Alaska, 532
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 334
and BOLERO, 335
and Central Pacific offensive, 471
and China, 385
and Fijis, 281
and Ghormley, 354
and Gilberts, 471
and Harmon, 354
and JCS, 226
and joint staffs, 360
and logistics, 355
and Makin, 524
and Marianas, 603
and New Caledonia, 281
and Nimitz, 354
and Pacific, visit to, 336-37, 354
and Philippines, 140
and Quebec Conference, 596
and Soviet Union, 529
and Tokyo Raid, 269
and TORCH, 335
and unified command in Pacific, 361
and U.S. Navy air operations, 354
Aroe, invasion of, 514
Artillery, U.S., 206, 219, 224, 305, 322, 350, 432
Asiatic Fleet, U.S., 85, 101, 115, 136, 168, 172, 240
Atlantic. See also Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
Allied command in, 243
defense of, 67-68, 71-73, 75, 79, 82, 86, 88
offensive, preparations for, 84
Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 80, 82, 84, 87, 90-91, 126, 158-59, 209, 220-22, 289-92, 308-11, 318, 324, 326, 329-30, 333, 376-80, 385, 594-95
and air deployment, 329-30
and Army, 333-34
at Casablanca Conference, 383-84
and Central Pacific, 440
JCS on, 219
JPC on, 69
and Pacific Military Conference, 392-93
and Philippines, 438-39
and Quebec Conference, 517-18
and resources, allocation of, 537, 541
Roosevelt on, 85, 222-23, 309-10
and shipping, 163-64
Stark on, 82
and TRIDENT, 458-59
and U.S. Navy, 333-34
Atoll warfare in Central Pacific, 587-90
air base at, 431
command for offensive at, 430-31
Japan and, 283, 425, 430-31, 433, 543
offensive against, 430-31
Australia, 118, 148, 151, 175-76, 242, 553. See also Sydney; Darwin.
and ABDA area, 202
airfields in, 313
Allied naval bases in, 341-42
Allied naval forces in, 545
and Allied strategic aims, 159
and ANZAC, 201
B-17’s in, 258
bombed, 217
and Brereton, 137
and Burma, defense of, 203
and Combined Chiefs of Staff, 243
command for, 245
communications to, 99, 204. See also Communications, Allied line of.
defense of, 150, 152, 159, 172, 177, 187, 198-99, 201-05, 220, 222, 224, 242, 245, 251-52, 255-56, 275, 280, 282, 291-92, 336, 343, 377-79, 382, 438, 467
headquarters, Allied, at, 157, 193
and Japan, 214, 216-17, 275, 279
Japanese threat to, 179, 202-03, 289-90, 311, 440
in Japanese war plans, 109, 199-200, 216-17
MacArthur ordered to, 194-95
naval forces, 332
and New Caledonia, 208-09
and New Zealand, cooperation with, 245
and P-40’s, demand for, 218
and Pacific command, 251-52
and Pacific offensive, 466
and Philippines, reinforcement of, 153
and Philippines, route to, 443-44
and Port Moresby invasion, 274
reinforcement of, 203, 210, 216, 223, 225, 241, 255
and South Pacific islands, 204-05
and Southwest Pacific, 240, 245, 249
submarine base at, 545
supply bases in, 403
and U.S., 465
U.S. Forces in, 247. See also Australia, forces in.
U.S. Navy planners on, 246
and U.S. public opinion, 126n
and U.S. strategy, 451
Australia Area, and Japan, 212
Australian Chiefs of Staff, 245, 255
Australian forces, 156, 161, 175-76, 248, 316-17, 566, 581-82
commandos, 208
6th, 202-03
7th, 202-03, 295, 317, 337, 350, 533-34, 563-64, 566, 582
9th, 203, 343, 533-34, 563, 566
and Markham Valley, 563-64
in Middle East, 203
militia, 253
Navy, 172
and Netherlands Indies, defense of, 202-03
and New Guinea, 317, 327, 329, 503, 533-34, 579
and New Guinea Force, 581
and Northeast Area, 199
in Pacific, 559
and Port Moresby, 337
and Salamana, 563
and Southwest Pacific, 253, 459
and Tulagi, 275
Australian Government, 201, 243, 247. See also Curtin, John.
Australian intelligence, Coastwatching Service, 306, 445-46, 562
Australian Mandated Territory, 198
Axis coalition, 59-61, 70-71, 81, 89
–B–
B-17’s, 103, 136, 155, 167, 215, 282, 288, 354-55. See also Bombardment aircraft, Allied.
and North Pacific, 281
performance of, 354-57
and Philippines, 98, 100-01, 123, 136
and Port Moresby invasion, 317
shortage of, 231
in South Pacific, 263, 319-20, 327
in Southwest Pacific, 136, 195, 202, 216, 218, 295
B-18’s, 282
B-24’s, 577
bases for, 530
and Japan, strategy against, 385, 595-96, 599, 602-03
in North Pacific, 531-33
Bairoko Harbor, 559-60
Bali, 176
Balikpapan, 175
Ballale, 533-34
Bandjermasin, 175
Bandoeng, 179
Barakoma, 562
Barbee, Rear Adm. Daniel, 502, 580
Barnes, Brig. Gen. Julian F., 149, 151
and ABDACOM, 171
and New Caledonia, 211
“Barracudas,” 507
Bases, Allied. See Airfields; Naval bases.
Basic Logistical Plan, 474, 492, 498
American retreat to, 137
command in, 196
MacArthur on, 195
MacArthur’s withdrawal to, 181
siege of, 181-84
supply of, 191
surrender of, 265
Batan Island, 136
Batavia talks. See Japan, and Netherlands East Indies.
Battery Denver, 267
Battle Fleet, role in ORANGE Plan, 24, 30
Battleships, Japanese, 56, 131, 138, 178, 216, 239, 279-80, 342, 349
Battleships, U.S., 101, 132-33, 143, 279, 350, 504
Beebe, Brig. Gen. Lewis C., 195-97
Belgium, 74
Belleau Wood, 545n
Bering Strait, 528
Beru Atoll, 446
Bieri, Vice Adm B. H., 363n, 542n, 597-98
Bismarck Archipelago, 198, 204, 212, 221, 320, 364, 367, 398, 452-53, 458-59, 467, 469, 471-72, 502, 520, 543, 552, 563, 575, 589, 605
aerial reconnaissance of, 313
Allied offensive on, 292-95, 371
Japanese in, 198, 200, 216, 324, 412, 551
in Japanese naval plans, Illz
Japanese reinforcement of, 412
in Japanese war plans, 105, 108, 166, 199-200
and Pacific operations (1943–44), 515
and RENO II, 514
and RENO III, 536
and Southwest Pacific Area, 249
Bismarcks Barrier, 551, 575, 578-79, 582, 583, 584
Bismarck Sea, Battle of, 368, 411
Blarney, General Sir Thomas A., 253, 313, 403, 408, 494n, 533, 566
Blanche Channel, 504
Blockade against Germany, 82, 159
Blockade against Japan, 91, 385
Blockade-running, 152, 188-89, 191-93
Bloody Ridge, Battle of, 336
Bohol, 181
BOLERO, 222, 282, 290, 292, 308, 310-11, 326, 333, 339. See also ROUNDUP; SLEDGEHAMMER. Bombardment. See Aerial offensive.
Bombardment aircraft, Allied, 136, 178, 202, 218, 221, 224, 275, 326-27, 330, 353, 354-57, 368, 372, 380-81, 395, 444, 464, 485-86. See also names of bombers (B-17’s, etc.).
and South Pacific, 258, 281, 325-26, 339, 343, 391
and Southwest Pacific, 152, 255, 303, 371, 391
Bombardment aircraft, Japanese, 178, 201, 217, 274, 283, 336, 342, 365, 369, 412-13
Bonins, Japanese and, 546
Bora Bora, 205-06, 212, 219, 318
Borneo, 120, 153, 186, 190, 541
and Allied offensive, 309
in Japanese war plans, 96, 105, 108
Japanese offensive against, 137-39, 167-68, 174-75
Bougainville, 198, 371, 388, 390, 395-97, 398, 400-401, 402, 447, 469, 502, 505, 551-52, 560, 561-62, 571, 577-78
and ELKTON I, 389
invasion of, forces for, 534
and Japanese, 216, 368-69, 534, 551, 552, 565, 575-77
MacArthur on, 534-35
Bradley, Maj. Gen. Follett, 420, 528-29
Breene, Brig. Gen. Robert G., 261-62, 348, 360, 406
Brereton, Maj. Gen. Lewis H., 136-37, 173, 177, 242
and supply problems, 210
Brett, Lt. Gen. George H., 151-52, 168, 171, 176-77, 195, 198, 242, 245, 247-48, 261
and ABDACOM air forces, 173
and Allied air forces, 253, 313
and Allied conference, 156
and Barnes, 171
and Port Moresby invasion, 275-76
and supply problems, 210
Brink, Lt. Col. Francis G., 156-57, 160
Brisbane, 151, 189, 305, 311, 401, 535
Brisbane-Melbourne area, 255
Brooke-Popham, Air Chief Marshall Sir Robert, 139n
Brown, Maj. Gen. Albert E., 430-31
Browning, Capt. Miles R., USN, 390n, 395-96, 442-44
Brussels Conference (1937), 51
Buckner, Lt. Gen. Simon B., Jr., 421, 423-24, 424n, 427, 430-31, 531
Buka, 198, 275, 306, 313, 316, 368, 405
Bulgaria, 89
Buna, 284, 298, 316-17, 332, 340, 350, 367, 402, 413, 584
and Allied offensive, 364
Japanese and, 285, 316-17, 329, 337, 365, 367
Bunker Hill, 577
Burma, 175-76, 203, 378, 383, 439-40, 447, 451, 453, 456, 515, 544, 590
Allied offensive in, 382-83, 460, 592, 601, 603, 604
and Allied strategy, 159, 187, 379, 383, 385
and Australian divisions, 203
Great Britain on, 379, 383, 601
Japanese and, 179-80, 217, 546
in Japanese war plans, 64, 105, 108, 131, 138, 166
and TRIDENT, 457
Butler, Brig. Gen. William O., 421, 424
–C–
C-47’s, 563
Caballo, 24. See also Manila Bay. Cairo Conference, 537, 542, 592
and Allied war aims, 592
and China, 605
and European command, 480
and Pacific command, 480-81
and Pacific operations, 603-05
and Quebec Conference, 605
and Southeast Asia, 605
Cairo Declaration, 592
Calhoun, Vice Adm. William L., 491
California, “invasion fever” in, 141
California, 132
Callaghan, Rear Adm. Daniel J., 350
Canada, 33
Canton, 99, 137, 204-06, 212, 359n
Cape Esperance, Battle of, 341-42
Cape Gloucester, 395, 398, 401, 534, 551, 564, 578-81
forces for, 581
and Saidor, 581
strategic value of, 582
Cape Torokina, 576
Capital ships, losses of, 279
Carabao, 24. See also Manila Bay.
Caribbean, 69-70
Carlson, Lt. Col. Evans F., 436, 444-45
Carney, Rear Adm. Robert B., 534
Carolina maneuvers, 119
Caroline Islands, 91, 143, 382, 434, 439, 453, 458, 459, 464, 469, 515, 516, 520, 524
Allied offensive against, 292, 311, 459
and Allied strategy, 385
Army planners on, 468
Japan and, 411, 546-47, 552-53, 564
and RENO II, 514
Carpender, Rear Adm. Arthur S., 253, 403, 580
CARTWHEEL, 401, 402-07, 408-11, 415, 452-53, 461-62, 464, 514-15, 520, 525, 533-35
Army planners on, 462
and Central Pacific offensive, 469
command for, 583
completion of, 575-83
first phase of, 502-11
forces for, 402-07, 408, 461, 465; 502
and Gilberts invasion, 470-71
JPS on, 469-70
JWPC on, 469
and MacArthur, 465, 575, 582-83
and Marshalls, offensive in, 461, 463, 464
Navy planners on, 462
and New Guinea, 564
objectives of, 471-72
planning for, in South Pacific, 408
and RENO II, 514
Casablanca, 351
Casablanca Conference, 375, 379-86
and Aleutians, 429
Allied objectives at, 385-86
and Central Pacific, 437-40, 441
and Germany, 380
and Italy, 380
JCS on, 393-94
and Mediterranean, 380
and ORANGE plan, 437
and Pacific, 381-85, 392-93, 437-40
and Pacific Military Conference, 390
and Pacific vs. Mediterranean concept, 382
and unified command, 475n
Casey, Brig. Gen. Hugh J., 253
Casualties, Allied, 133, 136, 268, 573, 582, 584-87
Cavalry, 1st Division, 407n
Cavalry, 112th Regiment, 502n, 581-82
Celebes Islands, 190, 453, 538, 555
Japanese offensive against, 16’7-68, 175
in Japanese war plans, 108, 166
and RENO III, 536
Celebes Sea, 453, 467, 553, 593
approaches to, 448
and Japanese offensive, 448
operations in, 451
and RENO II, 514
Central America, 249. See also Latin America.
Central Pacific. See also Central Pacific Area; Central Pacific offensive; Central Pacific route; Hawaii; Hawaiian Department; Micronesia.
aircraft carriers in, role of, 589
amphibious operations in, 449
Army command in, 485-90
Army organization in, 482, 484-86
Army-Navy relations in, 473
atoll warfare in, 587-90
command in, 475-79, 481-82, 487-92, 510, 589, 654. See also Central Pacific Area.
Cooke on, 439
defense of, 343
and ELKTON plan, 396
forces in, 537, 541, 578-79, 596
geography of, 589
German islands in, 25
Great Britain and, 439-40
Japan and, 444-47, 450, 522-23, 552-53, 555, 557-58, 571-72, 590-91
JPS on, 542
and line of communications, 134
MacArthur on, 438-39
naval power in, 449
Navy, role of, 589
Navy planners on, 37
operations in, 453, 520, 541, 589, 598, 604, 605. See also Central Pacific offensive.
in ORANGE plans, 436
and Pearl Harbor, 436
reconnaissance in, 522
role of, in U.S. strategy, 435-37, 447-53, 465, 536. See also Central Pacific offensive; Central Pacific route.
situation in, 1942–43, 434-36
staff organization in, 490-91
strategic value of, 435-36, 448-49
strategy in, 437, 440-44, 473, 514, 516-17, 522-23, 524-26. See also Central Pacific offensive; Central Pacific route.
and U.S. Fleet, 449
Central Pacific Area, 249
Army-Navy relations in, 358-59
command in, 358-59, 486-87, 489-90
Joint Staff proposals for, 490-93
Central Pacific Force, 481-82, 545n
Central Pacific offensive, 292, 437, 451, 454, 567-73. See also Gilbert Islands.
Browning on, 442-43
and CARTWHEEL, 469
and Casablanca Conference, 437-40
forces for, 459-61, 463, 468-69, 567-68
and Gilberts-Nauru plan, 468-69, 470-71
Halsey on, 441-42
and Hawaii, 473
Japanese estimate of, 543-44
Japanese strategy against, 536, 598-99
JWPC on, 460-61, 468-69, 514-16, 601
and King, 437-43, 466-67, 518-19
Koga and, 575
and MacArthur, 444, 450, 464-66, 535
objectives of, 469, 471, 515-16, 522-24
and ORANGE plan, 466
and Pacific Military Conference, 452
plans for, 460-61, 463, 468-72. 502
and Quebec Conference, 518-19
and South China Sea, 593-94
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 587, 600-602
Spruance on, 442
and TRIDENT, 460
U.S. Navy and, 460, 462, 464, 469, 567
Central Pacific route, 590n
and Celebes Sea, 448
JCS on, 514
Sutherland on, 541
vs. South-Southwest Pacific route, 438, 448-49, 450, 467-68, 514, 516, 541. See also Central Pacific offensive.
Ceram, 453
Ceylon, 174, 216, 255, 279-80, 282, 545
Chaffee, Lt. Gen. Adna R., 22
Chamberlin, Brig. Gen. Stephen J., 151-52, 253, 298, 380n, 579-80
Changsha, air bases at, 596
Charleston, as embarkation point, 212
Chiang Kai-shek, 47, 59, 118, 155-56, 161, 270-72
Chicago, 202
Chief of Naval Operations, 205, 226, 359. See also Stark, Admiral Harold R. and King, Admiral Ernest J.
Chief of Staff Conference, Eisenhower on, 494
China, 52-53, 58, 89, 203, 515, 541, 590, 593, 599, 605. See also Chiang Kai-shek; U.S., and China.
as air base, 385, 447-48, 453, 459, 530
airfields in, 451, 593, 596, 602
and Allied cooperation, 155
in Allied strategy, 91, 159, 448, 451, 456, 459, 592, 599
and ARCADIA Conference, 159
B-29’s in, 600
in British strategy, 378-79, 383
and Cairo Conference, 592
Japan and, 37, 39, 45, 47, 50-51, 58-59, 66, 74, 93, 99, 108-09, 114, 137-38, 216, 330-31, 340, 541, 545, 547-49, 592
in Japanese-American negotiations, 105, 113, 115-17
operations in, 597-98
reaction to modus vivendi, 118
reinforcement of, 241
supply line to, 180
territorial integrity of, 50
China Theater, 161
Chinese troops, at Hong Kong, 451
Christmas Island, 99, 204-06, 212
Chuchow airfield, and Tokyo raid, 271
Chungking Conference, 155, 156
Chungking Government, 270, 549
Churchill, Winston S.
and Allied strategy, 386
and ARCADIA Conference, 158
and Brett, 173
and British chiefs of staff, 166, 227
and Casablanca Conference, 385
and command, in Pacific, 243
and command, unified, 160, 161n
and MacArthur, 247
and military cooperation with U.S., 78, 142
and modus vivendi, 118
and New Zealand, defense of, 220
and Plan Dog, 83-84
and Quebec Conference, 520
and resources, allocation of, 164
on Singapore, 80-81
and strategic responsibility, 241-43
and TRIDENT, 458
Chynoweth, Brig. Gen. Bradford, 196
Civilian defense, 145
Civilian populations
on Wake, 101
and war warnings, 119
Clark, Maj. Gen. Mark, 335
Clark Field, 101, 123, 136, 140
Climate, effect on logistics and strategy, 252, 346
Coast artillery units, U.S., 98, 103, 209-10
Coast Farmer, 191
Coastal artillery on Wake, 101
Colcough, Capt. Oswald S., 531
Collins, Maj. Gen. J. Lawton, 343
Colombo, 282
Color plans, 22. See also names of plans (ORANGE, etc.).
COMAIRSOPAC, 403
Combat fatigue, problems of, 330
Combat teams, Army regimental, 328, 342
“Combined,” definition of, 164
Combined Chiefs of Staff, 164-66, 226, 230-31. See also Great Britain, Chiefs of Staff; Joint Chiefs of Staff.
and aerial offensive, 596
and Anglo-American relations, 383-84
and ANZAC proposal, 245
and ARCADIA, 227
and Burma, 386
and Cairo Conference, 592
and Central Pacific offensive, 386
and Japan, plan for defeat of, 594-95, 601
and New Caledonia, 209
and New Guinea, 520
and Pacific operations (1943–44), 459, 517-18, 603-05
and Pacific strategy, 219, 385n, 386, 439, 459, 520, 593
and Philippines, reinforcement of, 187-88
and Quebec Conference, 517-18
and resources, allocation of, 243
and shipping priorities, 349
and strategic responsibility, 242-43
and unified command in Far East, 160
and U.S. deployment, 219
and U.S. Navy Department, 234
Combined Fleet. See Japanese Combined Fleet. Combined Staff Planners, 165, 227, 234, 593, 596
Command, 116-17, 144, 156-57, 158, 160-61, 163-66, 179, 225, 243, 276, 294. See also ABDACOM; Unified command.
in Aleutians, 421
in ANZAC area, 201-02
and CARTWHEEL, 583. See also Southwest Pacific command problems.
in Central Pacific. See Central Pacific, command in.
in Far East, 160-61
in Hawaii, 144-45
Japanese, 235-39, 364, 412-13, 553, 591
and logistics, 346
and MacArthur. See MacArthur.
in New Caledonia, 208-10
for New Georgia campaign, 510-11
in North Pacific. See North Pacific, command in. in Pacific. See Pacific command problems.
in Panama, 144
in Philippines, 195-97
in South Pacific. See South Pacific command problems.
in Southwest Pacific. See Southwest Pacific command problems.
and strategy, relation between, 372
unity of. See Unified command.
Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet (CINCPAC), 250-51, 479. See also Nimitz, Rear Adm. Chester W.
Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet (COMINCH) 226, 233-34, 246. See also King, Admiral Ernest J.
Commander, South Pacific Area (COMSOPAC), 260-61. See also Halsey, Admiral William F.
Commanding General, U.S. Army Forces in Central Pacific, 486. See also Richardson, Maj. Gen. Robert C., Jr.
Communications, Allied line of, 156-57, 189, 199, 218-19, 252, 257-58, 327-28, 467
and air defense, 332-33
Australia-to-U.S., 99, 198-99, 204-05. See also South Pacific islands.
defense of, 172, 198-99, 205, 212, 218, 221, 224, 241, 258, 291-92, 307, 324, 336, 343, 367, 377-78, 382, 438, 440-41, 470
Hawaii-Philippines, 101
Japanese attack on, 133-34, 279
and Japanese strategy, 107, 111, 131, 204, 217, 278, 575
Japanese threat to, 280, 290, 311, 440
and Micronesia, 435
and New Zealand, 245
in North Pacific, 528
and Pacific command, 256
to Philippines, 187
to Philippines, and Allied strategic aims, 159
in South Pacific, 123, 249, 436-37
and TRIDENT, 458
Communications, committee on, 2M Communications, Japanese line of, 189, 199, 438, 458, 465, 505, 517, 544, 599-600
Congress, U.S., 23, 34-35, 43, 53, 63, 101, 122, 144, 449, 487
and declaration of war, 125-26, 142-43
Convoys, 148, 172. See also Pensacola convoy. Cooke, Admiral Charles M., 234, 301, 393, 500, 605
and air reinforcements, South Pacific, 336
and Bougainville, 469
and Central Pacific offensive, 439, 462, 469
and command in Pacific, 397
and command, Southwest Pacific offensive, 296, 298
and Marshalls, 462
and Nauru, 523
and Pacific Military Conference, 390-91
and Pacific objectives, 602
and Pacific organization, 499
and priorities, 336
and resources, allocation of, 392-93
Coral atolls, problems of, 569
Coral Sea, 199, 264, 274-76, 289-90, 308, 316. See also Port Moresby, and Japan.
Corregidor, 24, 35, 182, 186-87, 190, 193, 264-65, 313. See also Manila Bay.
command in, 196
defense of, 196
Japanese attack on, 266-68
MacArthur’s headquarters, 137, 181
surrender of, 268
Corvettes, 201-02
Craig, General Malin, 73
Cross-Channel attack, 380-81, 456, 459, 512-13, 517. See also BOLERO; ROUNDUP; SLEDGEHAMMER.
Cruiser Division, U.S., 12th, 576n
Cruisers, Allied, 101, 132-33, 168, 178, 201-02, 215, 216, 253, 270, 276, 279, 281, 311, 313, 323, 341, 350, 449, 482, 504, 545n, 571
Cruisers, Japanese, 56, 1M, 138, 167-68, 200, 215, 274, 279-80, 284, 317, 329, 349, 576
Crutchley, Rear Adm. V. A. C., 311, 313
Cryptanalysts, 415
Cunningham, Brig. Gen. Julian W., 581
Curtin, John, 201, 203, 221-22, 247, 255, 343, 391
Cuyo Island, 195
–D–
Dampier Strait, 551-52, 564-65, 575, 578
d’Argenlieu, Admiral Thierry, 208-11
Darwin, 150, 195, 202, 247, 453
Davao, 137, 167, 181, 266, 555
Death March, Philippine, 265
Deboyne Island, 274-75
Declaration of war, 125-26
Defensive strategy, See U.S. strategy, defensive. de Gaulle, General Charles, 208
Del Monte Airfield, 136, 181, 192, 195
Department of National Defense, considered, 144
Deployment of U.S. forces, 600. See also Air Forces,
U.S. Army; Atlantic vs. Pacific priority; Navy,
U.S., deployment of; Resources, allocation of.
in Central Pacific, 537, 541-42, 578-79, 596
and Combined Chiefs of Staff, 219
to Europe, 222
Marshall on, 519
and Marshalls, 463-64
in Pacific, 159-60, 217-18, 220-24, 240, 256, 460-61, 469, 541-42
in Philippines, and ABDACOM, 168
in Southwest Pacific, 159, 253
Destroyer Divisions, 45th and 46th, 576n
Destroyers, Allied, 101, 132-33, 143, 168, 175, 178, 192, 201-02, 215-16, 253, 270, 276-77, 279, 281, 311, 313, 320, 341, 343, 350, 449, 482, 504, 545n, 563, 569
Destroyers, Japanese, 56, 131, 133, 138, 274, 279-80, 317, 329, 340-41, 345, 349, 367, 576
Devereux, Maj. James P. S., 133
De Witt, Lt. Gen. John L., 421-31, 530
Dill, Field Marshal Sir John, 165
Disease, problems of, 184-85, 252, 265, 337
Divisions, U.S. See also Infantry, U.S.
Americal Division, 212, 224, 342, 347-48, 350, 367, 578
New York National Guard, 207
Philippine Division, 182-83, 196
Dominion Chiefs of Staff, and Southwest Pacific command, 245
Dominion Governments, and Pacific strategy, 220-21
Dona Nati, 191
Doolittle, Lt. Col. James H., and Tokyo Raid, 269-73
Doorman, Rear Adm. K. W. F. M., 178
DRY GOODS, 505
Dumpu, 566
Duncan, Capt. Donald B., 269
Dutch Borneo, in Japanese war plans, 108, 166
Dutch East Indies. See Netherlands East Indies. Dutch Harbor, 280, 283, 545
–E–
East Asia, 549
Eastern Axis operations, in CARTWHEEL, 401, 402
Eastern Solomons, Battle of the, 329
Economic pressures against Japan, 34, 41-42, 51, 53, 59, 65, 88, 91, 94, 97, 99, 113, 118
Efate, 218-19, 257, 263, 275, 291-92, 319, 320, 338, 571
Eglin Field, Florida, 270
Eichelberger, Lt. Gen. Robert L., 313, 362, 407
Eisenhower, General Dwight D., 151, 218. 223, 227, 231, 246, 326
and Army command, South Pacific, 260
staff organization of, 493-95
El Fraile, 24. See also Manila Bay. Elcano, 191
Eleventh Air Force, 421, 429, 432, 530
ELKTON I, 389
ELKTON II, 390-95
ELKTON III, 408-11, 675-85. See also CARTWHEEL. Ellice Islands, 291, 440-41, 471, 543, 589
airbases in, 464, 468, 470, 522
and Marshalls, invasion of, 524
Embick, Lt. Gen. Stanley D., 38, 41, 230, 532
Emmons, Lt. Gen. Delos C., 78, 144, 207, 256-57
command of Hawaiian Department, 144-45
and New Caledonia, 209-11
and Pacific Military Conference, 390
and Pacific reinforcements, 321
and reinforcement of Hawaii, 147
on unified command, 144n
and U.S. Army forces, South Pacific, 260
and U.S. Navy, relations with, 360
Empress Augusta Bay, 534, 535, 575-76
Engineer brigades, Second Special, 407n, 581
Enterprise, 207, 271-72, 281, 284, 319-20, 329, 336, 345, 350
Envelopment, strategy of, 560-61
Espiritu Santo, 219, 257, 263, 346, 360, 571
airfield at, 319-20
EUREKA. See Tehran Conference. Europe, 37, 74
air forces in, December 1943, 537, 538, 540
Allied offensive in, 219
and Allied priorities, 158
and Allied strategy, 378. See also Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
and Allied strategy at Quebec Conference, 517
and American strategy, 74-76, 456, 605
and Japanese strategy, 126
and RAINBOW, 71-73
“Europe First” concept, 438-39. See also “Germany First”; Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
European Axis, Roosevelt on, 142. See also Axis; Germany; Italy.
European deployment, 222.
European Theater, U.S. Army troops in, December 1943, 537, 538, 540
Everest, Col. Frank F., 261
Executive Order of March 12, 1942, and naval reorganization, 226
Exeter, 178
–F–
Fairchild, Maj. Gen. Muir S., 230, 532
Far East
Allied defense of, 240-43
Allied strategy in, 79-80, 88, 159
Great Britain on, 79, 87-88, 157
unified command in, 160-61
U.S. policy in, 37, 87-88, 97-98, 126, 156-57
Far East Air Force, 98, 134, 136, 168, 181
Field artillery units, U.S., 177, 209, 407n, 502n, 581
Fifteenth Army Group, 494
Fifth Air Force, 403
Fifth Amphibious Force, 482, 489-90
Fifth columnists, rumors of, 141
Fighter aircraft, Allied, 202, 218, 221, 224, 330, 413, 464, 563. See also names of fighter and pursuit aircraft (P-38’s, etc.).
range of, 587
in South Pacific, 256, 327, 336, 339, 343
in Southwest Pacific, 178, 255, 371
Fighter aircraft, Japanese, 176, 201, 283, 365, 412-13
Fiji Islands, 99, 148, 199, 246, 260, 284
and ANZAC area, 201
Army troops in, 257
defense of, 208, 212, 218, 220, 223, 342-43
in Japanese war plans, 109, 204, 217, 278-79
reinforcement of, 281, 338, 343
and South Pacific Expeditionary Force, 319-20
Filipino troops, 137, 264. See also Philippine Scouts. Filipinos. See also Philippines.
“invasion fever,” 141
and MacArthur, 193
morale of, 151
Finschhafen, 398, 461, 502, 533, 534, 552, 564, 575, 579
and ELKTON I, 389
operations at, 565-66
Fitch, Rear Adm. Aubrey W., 257, 352, 504
Fitch, Col. Burdette M., 255
Fleet Marine Force, 567
Fletcher, Rear Adm. Frank J., 276-77, 281, 319, 325
Ford Island, 132
Ford Motor Factory, Singapore, 174
Formosa, 117, 123, 447, 584, 596-99
and Cairo Declaration, 592
U.S. proposals to attack, 136
Forrestal, James V., 151
Fortune poll, 126n
Fourteenth Corps, 509, 559-60, 578
France, 69, 74, 77, 89, 592. See also ANVIL.
and Indochina, Japanese in, 22-23, 94. See also Indochina.
Navy of, in U.S. strategy, 75, 77
and New Caledonia, 208-10
rearmament of, 495
Free French, 89, 204-05, 208-09, 347
Fremantle, 178
Fuller, Maj. Gen. J. F. C., 126
–G–
G-2, 119
G-4, 233
Gallup poll, 126n
Geography
and logistics, problems of, 346
of New Georgia, and TOENAILS, 504
and strategy, 589
German islands in Pacific, 25
and Allied priorities, 334
and Allied strategy, 88-89, 159, 221-22, 310, 376-77, 380-81, 456, 459. See also “Germany first” strategy.
and Anti-Comintern Pact, 39
bomber offensive against. See Aerial offensive against Germany.
declares war against U.S., 143
defeat of, and Pacific strategy, 599-600
defeat of, and Japan, 594-95
defeat of, and JSSC, 598
early victories of, 54
and Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, 549
invasion of Poland, 52
invasion of western Europe, 74
and Japan, 45, 50-51, 126, 548-49
and Pacific Military Conference, 392-93
and Singapore, 64
and Soviet Union, 52, 63, 65, 93, 529
and TRIDENT, 459
and U.S. Army, 394-95
and U.S. joint planners, 394-95
and U.S. strategy, 141, 158, 221-22, 310, 392-93, 457
and U.S. war aims, 86
Wehrmacht, 380
and Western Hemisphere, threat to, 69
“Germany first” strategy, 79, 85-88, 158-59, 217-18, 289-90, 308-10, 377-78, 385. See also Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
and TRIDENT, 457-59
Gerow, Brig. Gen. Leonard T., 118-19, 140, 148, 227, 291
Ghormley, Rear Adm. Robert L., 78-79, 82-83, 257, 260, 294, 354, 478
on British strategy, 84
and command of South Pacific Area, 256-57, 343
and command, Southwest Pacific offensive, 301, 302, 304
and Guadalcanal, 319, 327-29, 340, 342
and Joint Purchasing Board, 260-61
and MacArthur, 306-07, 311, 326, 341-42, 357-58
and Milne Bay, 358
and Ndeni, 356
and Nimitz, 342-43
and Pacific offensive, 306-07, 313, 327-28, 364, 375, 389
and Pacific reinforcements, 318, 331, 335
and Pacific Theaters, cooperation between, 357
and South Pacific offensive, 305, 318-19, 321-23, 325, 327-29
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 298-99, 302, 304
and U. S. Army, 360
Gilbert Islands, 396, 434, 439-42, 468-69, 471, 515, 520, 543-44, 576, 589. See also Makin; Tarawa. amphibious operations in, 568-70, 571-73
and CARTWHEEL, 470-71
and Central Pacific Area, 249
invasion of, 460, 481, 501, 515, 526, 567-71
invasion of, plans for, 469, 522
invasion of, and U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, 470-71
Japan and, 131, 133, 445-46, 541, 553, 564, 571-73, 590
and Marshalls, invasion of, 463-64, 524, 569
operations in, 567-73
strategic value of, 573
U.S. Army troops and, 589-90
U.S. JSSC on, 467
and U.S. Navy, 464
Gilberts Expeditionary Forces, command of, 489
Gilberts-Nauru plan, 464, 468-71
Gizo, 559
Glassford, Rear Adm. William A., 152
Global strategy, and JSSC, 456. See also Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
Governments-in-Exile, 89
Great Britain, 25-26, 31, 69, 78-79, 84, 91, 118, 142, 164, 226, 344, 379, 451, 495, 517-18, 520, 594. See also ARCADIA Conference; Cairo Conference; Casablanca Conference; Quebec Conference; Tehran Conference; TRIDENT.
air forces, 78, 87, 138, 380-81, 599
and Allied command, 160-61, 225, 251, 480
and Allied conferences, 155-56, 158-59, 375, 456-58, 512-13, 592
American aid to, 61, 77-82, 85-86, 118, 126, 142
Army forces, 79, 87, 164, 168, 173, 175, 203
as assembly point, 219. See also BOLERO.
and Burma, 176, 203, 241, 383, 456, 601
Chiefs of Staff, 90, 156, 161, 177, 227, 241, 334, 378-79, 383, 458, 601. See also United States,
and Great Britain, military cooperation. and China, 52, 378-79, 383
defense of, 78-79, 87, 158, 334
destroyers, 172
Dominions of, 143
as factor in U.S. strategy, 31, 75, 77, 81-82, 89
and Far East, 79, 87, 157, 174
German threat to, 74
and Hong Kong, 137
and Japan, 50, 58-59, 62, 109, 121-22, 125-26, 142, 378-79, 381, 451, 457-58, 517. See also RED War Plan.
naval forces of, 87, 101, 111, 123, 138, 172, 174, 177-79, 205, 242, 282, 296, 342, 597-600
and Pacific, 198, 204-05, 296, 378-79, 383-84, 429, 439-40, 456-57, 517-19, 603-05
and Plan Dog, 83-84
and priorities, 334-35
and resources, allocation of, 344, 440, 518
and Roosevelt, 344
and Singapore, 153, 157, 164, 594
and SLEDGEHAMMER, 308, 308n, 309, 318
and Southeast Asia, 240
and strategic responsibility, 240, 242-43, 246
strategy of, 78-79, 87-88, 158, 308, 318, 378-81, 440, 451, 455-58, 517, 600
and TORCH, 322
and U.S. See U.S., and Great Britain.
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, 58, 546-47, 549
Greece, 89
Grew, Joseph, 94, 115, 117, 124
Griswold, Maj. Gen. Oscar W., 509-11, 528, 559-60, 562
Grumman Wildcats, 101
Guadalcanal, 212, 214-15, 284, 356, 364, 370, 374, 376, 388, 400, 402, 437, 487, 505, 584
and air reinforcements, 338
air support in, 333
Allied forces at, 413
Allied offensive against, 319
and Army, 25th Division, 343
and Army-Navy differences, 352-55
Battle of, 349-50
defense of, 367
Halsey and, 403
and 1-GO, 413
Japan and, 323-24, 327-28, 337, 349-50, 364-65, 367, 543
Japanese base at, 306
Japanese evacuation of, 388
Japanese losses at, 369
Japanese offensive against, 306, 327-28, 336, 340-42, 345, 413. See also Solomons, Japanese offensive on.
and logistics, problems of, 347
Marshall on, 327
and Pacific command, 352-53
and Pacific offensive, Task Two, 313
Roosevelt on, 344
significance of, 446
and supply, problems of, 328, 347, 355
U.S. Marines on, 323-25, 327-29, 336, 342, 345
Guam, 43, 123, 199, 309, 386, 515, 603
Japanese offensive against, 124, 133
in Japanese war plans, 58, 64, 107-08, 111, 131
threat to, 119
in U.S. strategy, 97
and Washington Conference, 26
Guerrilla operations in Philippines, 193
Gunboats, 101
Gavin, 507
–H–
Hale, Maj. Gen. Willis H., 487
Halsey, Admiral William F., 281, 389, 395, 478, 487, 558, 567
and Army t100ps, 537, 540, 541
and B-17’s, 356
and Bismarcks, 563
and Bougainville, 397, 469, 533-35, 578
and carriers, 587
and CARTWHEEL, 401, 402, 403, 411, 415, 465, 514, 533-35, 575, 583
and Central Pacific offensive, 461, 463
and Coral Sea, 276
and ELKTON II, 390-91
forces under, 391
and Griswold, 509
and Harmon, 356, 361, 509-10, 578
and Hester, 509
and joint staff, 501n
and Kavieng, 516
and King, 408
King on, 373-74
and Kiriwina, 396
and logistics. 474
and MacArthur. 387-89, 401, 402, 533-34
and New Georgia, 388, 396, 411, 504-07, 559
Nimitz on, 371
and Nouméa, 348
and Pacific command, 371, 397-98
and Pacific Military Conference, 396-97
and Pacific offensive, 370-71, 396-97, 515, 589
relations with Army, 356-57
and Russell Islands, 388
and Santa Cruz Islands, 345
and shipping, 526
and Solomons, 350, 441-42, 560-63, 575
and South Pacific command, 343-44, 372
and South Pacific offensive, 371, 459, 502, 560-63
and TOENAILS, 505-06
and Tokyo raid, 271-72
and Turner, 510
and U.S. Navy Third Fleet, 403
and Vella Lavella, 562-63
and Woodlark-Kiriwina offensive, 371, 395-96
Handy, Maj. Gen. Thomas T., 227, 298, 362, 397, 490, 600-601, 605
on Alaskan Theater, 423-24
and Aleutians, 532
and Hester, 507
and Marshalls, 480
and Nimitz, 499-500
and Pacific command, 373
and Pacific organization, 499-500
and shipping, shortage of, 526
and Supreme Command, Europe, 480
Harmon, Lt. Gen. Millard F., 260-61, 303, 319, 393- 94, 396, 463n, 487
and Air Forces, South Pacific, 262-63, 325-26, 329, 331
and air power, role of, 352-55
and B-17’s, 356-57
and Bougainville, 578
and communications, line of, 343
and COMSOPAC, 260-61
and ELKTON II, 392
and fighter planes, performance of, 333
and Fiji, reinforcement of, 343
and Ghormley, 352
and Guadalcanal, 325, 328, 340, 342-43, 345, 352-54
and Henderson Field, 333, 356-57
and joint staffs, 361
and MacArthur, 326
and Ndeni, 356
and Nouméa, 348
and offensive strategy, 354
and P-400’s, 330
and Pacific Military Conference, 389-90
and Pacific reinforcement, 325
and Pacific Theaters, cooperation between, 357
and shipping, shortage of, 526
and South Pacific, 262-63, 325-26, 371, 621-23
and South Pacific reinforcement, 321-22, 326, 328-29, 331, 340, 342-43
and staff organization, 261, 504
on supply, 348
and TOENAILS, 507
and Turner, 507
and USAFISPA, 260-63
and U.S. Navy, 342-43, 353-54, 360
Hart, Admiral Thomas C., 94, 101, 115, 123, 137, 146, 149-50, 153, 157, 168, 172-73, 188
Hawaii, 103, 199, 245. See also Pearl Harbor.
Allied intelligence on, 340
and Allied strategy, 159
and Army, 218. See also Hawaiian Department. Army-Navy relations in, 360
B-17’s in, 258
base at, 33. 204, 470, 545, 589
and Central Pacific Area, 249
and Central Pacific offensive, 473
command in, 144-5. See also Hawaiian Depart-
ment.
defense of, 38-39, 74, 85, 102-03, 140, 143, 145-47, 204-05, 207, 224, 289, 336, 377-78, 436
“invasion fever,” 141
and Japanese attack, 123-24
and Japanese naval plans, 111
Japanese threat to, 102, 147, 207, 311, 436-37, 440
logistics in, 498
and Marshalls, invasion of, 524
Military Government in, 478-79, 482
and ORANGE plans, 466
and Pensacola convoy, 148
reaction to Pearl Harbor, 140
reinforcement of, 70, 147-48, 207, 225, 326-28
route through, 191-92
and shipping, 349
Somervell on, 499
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 295
subversion feared, 119
and war warning, 119-21, 123-24
Hawaiian Artillery Command, 484
Hawaiian Department, 103, 207, 240, 256-57, 478-79, 482-87
Hawaiian Department Reserve, 484
Hawaiian Mobile Air Force, 258, 319
Helfrich, Vice Adm. Conrad E. L., 173, 178
Henderson Field, 325, 333, 336, 345, 350, 353, 354, 356-57, 377-78, 413
Japanese attack on, 328-29, 342, 365
Hepburn, Rear Adm. Arthur J., 43
Hepburn Report, 101
Herron, Maj. Gen. Charles D., 102
Hester, Maj. Gen. John H., 504, 507, 509-11
Hickam airfield, Japanese attack on, 132
Higashikuni, Prince Nanuhiko, 114
Hill, Admiral Harry W., 571, 573, 577n
Hodge, Maj. Gen. John R., 511
Homma, Lt. Gen. Masaharu, 134, 137, 181-84, 264- 66, 268
Hong Kong, 108, 124, 131. 137, 168, 448, 451
Honolulu, 192
Hoover, Rear Adm. John H., 482, 487, 489, 567-68
Hoover, Lt, Travis, and Tokyo raid, 273
Hopkins, Harry, 139, 164, 203, 241, 310, 454n
Horii, Maj. Gen. Tomitaro, 199-200, 215, 274, 284, 316-17
Hornbeck, Stanley K., 269-70
Horne, Vice Adm. F. J., 230
Hornet, 270-72, 281, 284, 336, 345
Houston, 178
Howitzers, 155mm., 207
Howland Island, 464
Hu Shih, 123
Hull, Cordell, 37, 114, 122, 124
and MacArthur, command of, 193n
on modus vivendi, 118, 118n, 119
and national defense policy, 84-85
negotiations with Japan, 65, 92-94, 117, 119
on Pearl Harbor attack, 139, 142
on Singapore, 80-81
and Soviet Maritime Provinces, 155
and Tripartite Pact, 61
Hull, Maj. Gem John E., 490, 512
Humboldt Bay, 536
Huon Peninsula, 368, 396, 412, 533-34, 563-64, 567, 578-79, 581
Hurley, Maj. Gen. Patrick J., 188, 191-93, 362
Hyakutake, Lt. Gen. Harukichi, 279, 284, 316, 349, 369
–I–
Iba, Japanese attack on, 136
Iceland, 163-64
Ickes, Harold, 97
Imamura, Lt. Gen. Hitoshi, 364-65, 367, 411, 563
and Army-Navy Central Agreement, 411-12
and Bougainville, 551
and command, 412-13
and Southeast Area, 367, 412-13, 551-52
Incendiary bombs, and Tokyo raid, 272-73
Allied forces in, 177
defense of, 159, 220, 241, 379
lend-lease shipments to, 349
and resources, allocation of, 344
Indian brigades, at Sittang Bridge, 180
Indian Ocean, 172, 179, 544, 555, 590n
British interests in, 241
Japanese in, 59, 62-65, 80, 94, 111, 217
in Japanese war plans, 64, 108
in U.S Japanese negotiations, 105, 115-18, 138
Infantry, U.S., 103, 206, 212, 219, 224, 305, 322, 428, 536-37
Infantry Divisions, U.S. 7th, 429-430, 461, 524
24th, 407n
25th, 343, 510, 534, 559-60, 562
26th, 209
27th, 147, 207, 472, 489-90, 522, 569, 573
32nd, 220, 255, 295, 337, 350, 581-82
37th, 220, 223, 505, 507, 509-10, 560, 577-78
43rd, 328, 343, 348, 388, 504, 507, 509-11, 559-60
Infantry Regiments, U.S.
24th, 219
132nd, 209
162nd, 503
172nd, 507
184th, 209
503rd Paratroop, 407n, 533, 563
Ingersoll, Capt. Royal E., USN, 68
Inouye, Vice Adm. Shigeyoshi, 133-34, 199-200, 215-17
Intelligence, Allied, 230-31, 270, 280, 340-41, 349-50, 402, 446
Inukai, 48
Invasion of Japan. See Japan, invasion of. Invasion of U.S., possibility of, 31-32
Iran, and Tokyo raid, 273
Ismay, General Hastings L., 227
Isolationism, American, 21, 43
Isthmus of Kra, 131
Italy, 89. See also Tripartite Pact.
and Allied strategy, 88, 158, 380, 459
and Anti-Comintern Pact, 39
declares war in Europe, 74
declares war on U.S., 143
invasion of, and TRIDENT, 459
operations in, and Teheran Conference, 592
and threat to Western Hemisphere, 69
Iwo Jima, 573
–J–
Japan
“absolute national defense sphere,” 546-47, 552-53, 564-65, 575, 590, 591
and aerial reconnaissance, 64, 132, 365
air forces. See Japanese air forces; Japanese air units.
air operations, 135, 265, 365, 371, 400, 507, 555
air power of, 365, 369, 547, 563, 575, 577, 596
aircraft, 123. 217, 329-30, 333, 545, 557, 571-72
and Aleutians, 279, 283, 420-21, 425-26, 528, 532, 543
and Allied strategy, estimate of, 543-45, 590-91
amphibious operations, 166, 178-79, 184
artillery, 173-74, 183, 215, 265-66
and Axis, relations with, 50-54, 58-63. See also Japan, and Germany; Japan, and Italy.
bases, 94, 166, 306-07, 340. See also Rabaul; Truk. battleships. See Battleships, Japanese.
and Bismarck Archipelago, 198, 367, 412, 543, 551
bombardment of. See Aerial offensive; Tokyo Raid.
bombers. See Bombers, Japanese.
and Borneo, 137-39, 168, 174-75, 541
and Bougainville. See Bougainville.
and British strategy, 378-79, 381, 601
and Caroline Islands, 411, 468, 546, 552-53, 564
carriers. See aircraft carriers, Japanese.
and Central Pacific, 249, 444-47, 450, 522-23, 543, 550-53, 555, 557-58, 590-91
Chiefs of Staff, 234
and China. See China, Japan and.
and Corregidor. See Corregidor.
cruisers. See Cruisers, Japanese.
decision for war, 113-17, 121-22, 124-27
destroyers. See Destroyers, Japanese.
domestic politics. 46-47, 48, 52, 55-56, 92, 94, 114-15, 225, 234, 236-37, 549-50
economic pressures against. See Economic pressures against Japan.
economy of, 50, 54-56, 59-60, 64-65, 95, 105, 113-14, 121, 125, 127, 138, 545-46. See also Japan, industrial production.
Emperor of, 46, 61, 94, 115, 121-22, 225, 234-37, 549-50
“Estimate of the Enemy Situation,” 543-45
expansion of, 37, 45-48, 50, 62-64, 80, 93-94, 108, 166-67, 173-75. 179-80, 188, 190-91, 198
expansion of, Allied opposition to, 50-52, 83, 93
expansion of, U.S. opposition to, 45, 47, 50-54, 59, 69, 83, 86, 126
fighter aircraft. See Fighter aircraft, Japanese. and Fijis. See Fijis.
forces, deployment of, 138-39, 340, 591. See also Japanese air forces; Japanese ground forces; Japanese naval forces.
foreign policy, 25-26, 47, 54, 59-66, 93, 99, 105, 547-49. See also Japan, and Axis; Japan, and France; Japan, and Germany, Japan, and Great Britain; Japan, and Italy; Japan, and Netherlands; Japan, and U.S.
and German-Soviet Pact, 52-53
and Germany, 45, 64, 548-49, 655-56. See also Japan, and Axis.
and Gilbert Islands, 133, 445-46, 546, 553, 564, 571-73, 590
and Great Britain, 47, 50-53, 83, 93, 121-22
and Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, 51-52, 546-47
and Guadalcanal, 306, 323-24, 327-29, 336-37, 340-42, 345, 349-50, 364-65, 367, 369, 388, 413, 543
and Guam. See Guam.
and Hong Kong. See Hong Kong.
Imperial Conference (July 2, 1941), 93
Imperial Conference (Sept. 6, 1941), 104-05, 117
Imperial Conference (Nov. 5, 1941), 115, 117
Imperial Conference (Dec. 1, 1941), 121-22
Imperial Conference (Sept. 30, 1943), 549-50, 590
Imperial General Headquarters, 111, 181, 184, 199-200, 214, 217, 225, 235-39, 278, 284, 340, 364-65, 367, 411-12, 433, 553, 555, 557, 591
Imperial General Headquarters, and Allied strategy, 544-45
Imperial General Headquarters, and Allied strength, estimate of, 544-45
Imperial General Headquarters, Army Section, 225, 235, 237, 239, 547, 550
Imperial General Headquarters, and command, 235, 237-39, 413
Imperial General Headquarters, Navy Section, 225, 235, 237, 550, 553
Imperial General Headquarters, and Navy war plans, 109
Imperial General Headquarters, and Port Moresby operation, 216-17, 284, 316
Imperial General Headquarters, and strategy, 167, 236-37, 278, 543-47, 565, 590-91
and Indochina, 59, 62-65, 80, 93, 94
industrial production, 50, 54-55, 584. See also Japan, economy of.
Infantry, 138, 183, 279, 367-69, 553-54. See also Japanese ground units.
invasion of, considered, 385, 447, 451-52, 530-31, 593, 596-99
and invasion of U.S., possibility of, 420
and Italy, 45
Joint Staff, 217
and Kiska. See Kiska.
and Kuril Islands, 420, 433, 546
and Lae, 215, 367-68, 412, 564
Liaison Conferences, 58, 115, 121-22, 236-37, 549, 611-13
limited war strategy, 125
and Makin. See Makin.
and Malaya. See Malaya.
and Marianas. See Marianas.
and Marshalls, 445, 468, 546, 553, 564
and Midway. See Midway.
Midway Force, 279-80
military command and organization, 225, 237, 239. See also Japan, High Command.
and Netherlands, 50, 58-60, 64-65, 83, 93, 121-22
and Netherlands East Indies, 59-60, 62, 95-96, 167-68, 175, 176, 178-80, 340, 411, 438, 541, 546, 547
and New Britain. See New Britain.
and New Georgia, 388, 504-07, 511, 559-60, 562-63
and New Guinea, 188, 289, 306, 324, 327, 331, 337, 340, 350, 364-68, 411-13, 415, 470, 518, 543, 546, 551-53, 555, 557, 564-66, 591. See also New Guinea.
“New Operational Policy,” 546-47, 549. See also Japan, strategy.
and North Pacific, 419-20
paratroopers, 175
and Pearl Harbor. See Pearl Harbor.
and Philippines, 30-31, 58, 124, 134-37, 181-84, 264-68, 340, 411, 541, 543, 553, 591. See also Philippines.
Planning Board, 114. See also Japan, economy of. plans for defeat of, 91, 447-53, 457-60, 593-601, 603-05, 644-47, 668-72
and Port Moresby, 215-17, 274-78, 316-17, 327, 329, 336-37, 340, 350, 365, 413, 415
preparations for war, 54-59, 64, 93-95, 105, 115-17
and Rabaul. See Rabaul.
resources of, 179, 290, 443, 545-46, 599. See also Japan, economy of.
and Russo-German war, 65, 93, 104
and Salamaua. See Salamaua.
and Shortland Islands. See Shortlands.
and Solomons, 198, 216, 289-90, 306-07, 311, 324, 327, 331, 336, 340-43, 365-69, 400, 411-12, 470, 543, 546, 553, 558, 560, 565. See also Solomons.
and Southeast Area, 364-69, 412, 543, 547, 550-52, 636-40. See also Japanese ground units, Armies, 8th Area Army.
and Southeast Asia, 62-63, 93, 127, 138-39, 166-68, 173-75, 179-80, 190-91, 590
and Southwest Pacific, 207, 331, 450, 547
and Soviet Union, 58-61, 63-64, 93, 154, 216-17, 419, 527-28, 545, 547-48, 592, 655-56
strategy, 95-96, 108-09, 131, 134, 139, 154-55, 166, 181-83, 216-17, 265-68, 411-12, 543-47, 564-65, 611-13, 624-26, 636-40, 655-60
strategy, defensive, 216-17, 285, 435, 546-47, 549, 590. See also New Operational Policy.
strategy, offensive, 96, 131-39, 166-67, 216-17, 329, 340-41, 365, 367, 398, 550
strategy, U.S. estimate of, 467-68
strategy against, 22, 25, 91, 111, 158-59, 163, 256-57. 289, 378, 381-82, 385-86, 447-53, 457-60, 517, 527-30, 535-36, 538, 543-45, 584, 592-97, 600, 668-72. See also Aerial offensive; Naval blockade; Japan, invasion of; Japan, plans for defeat of.
submarines. See Submarines, Japanese.
and Tulagi. See Tulagi.
and U.S., negotiations with, 93, 115-21
and U.S., relations with, 22-23, 25, 36, 45, 47, 50-54, 59, 60-61, 65, 69, 83, 86, 92-93, 103-04, 113, 115-21, 126
and Wake. See Wake.
war aims, 116, 125, 138-39, 327, 546
war plans, 56-57, 58, 95-96, 107-09, 131, 166, 199-200, 204, 217, 278. See also Japan, strategy. war plans, and Great Britain, 58-59, 95-96
war plans, for Southeast Asia, 105-11
war plans, and Soviet Union, 57, 95-96
war plans, and U.S., 57-59, 64, 95-96, 104-11
Zeros. See Zeros, Japanese.
Japanese Air Forces, 108-09, 132-34, 137-38, 173-74, 239, 334. See also Japanese Army Air Forces; Japanese air units.
Japanese air units, 239
Army, 3rd Air, 591
Brigade, 12th Air, 365
Division, 6th Air, 365, 369, 412-13, 552
Fleet, 1st Air, 239
Fleet, 11th Air, 134, 136, 239, 279, 369, 412, 552
Flotilla, 22nd Air, 446
Group, 3rd ir, 138
Group, 4th Air, 215
Group, 5th Air, 134
Squadron, 76th Air, 365
Japanese Army, 46, 48-49, 50, 56, 64, 93, 104, 108-09. 111, 114-16, 234, 237, 239. See also Japanese ground units.
deployment of, 109, 123, 214-15, 217, 279-80, azzm 412, 446, 505, 552, 553-54
and strategy, 105, 121-22, 216-17, 411
Japanese Army Air Forces, 56, 412, 551-52. See also Japanese air units.
Japanese Army-Navy Central Agreements, 411-13, 550, 624-26, 636-40, 657-60
Japanese Army-Navy relations, 52, 57, 108, 111, 116, 235-37, 411-12, 547, 550, 553
Japanese Combined Fleet, 101, 109, 111, 122, 204, 216, 239, 279, 284, 340, 365, 411, 413, 468, 552-53, 555, 571, 575, 577, 589
Japanese ground units
Armies
China Expeditionary Army, 239
North China Army, 364
Southern Army, 111, 116-17, 121, 167, 239, 553, 591
2nd Area Army, 553-55, 557, 591
8th Area Army, 364-65, 367, 411, 551-53
14th Army, 134, 137, 152, 181, 184, 591
17th Army, 279, 316, 337, 364-65, 369, 412-13, 552
18th Army, 364-68, 412-13, 552, 565-66, 581
Divisions
Imperial Guards Division, 138
2nd Division, 345
3rd Division, 555
17th Division, 552
35th Division, 555n
36th Division, 555
38th Division. 137, 167-68, 349, 369, 505, 552
46th Division, 555
48th Division. 181-82
Brigades
65th Brigade, 182, 184, 447, 552
Regiments
51st Transport Regiment, 552
Detachments
Ohabe Detachment, 368
South Seas Detachment, 133, 199, 200, 215, 217, 239, 274-75, 279, 284, 316-17, 329
Forces
5th Special Base Force, 445
6th Defense Force, 445
Units
Rabaul Defense Unit, 552
4th South Seas Garrison Unit, 552
Japanese Navy, 46, 56, 199-201, 214-15, 217, 234, 239, 272, 274, 278, 279-80, 345, 458, 505, 523, 576, 587, 600, 605. See also Carriers, Japanese; Cruisers, Japanese; Japanese Combined Fleet; Destroyers, Japanese; Japanese Navy units; Submarines, Japanese.
air forces, 412, 552. See also Japanese air units. and Australia, 214, 216-17
and Central Pacific, 445-47, 541
and Guadalcanal, 329, 340, 342
and Midway, 278-80
Navy planners, 96, 204, 212, 214
paratroopers, 167-68
and Solomons, 214-15, 349, 369, 411-12
and Southeast Area, 364-65, 411
strength of, 596
and war plans, 95, 104-05, 108-09, 114, 116, 216-17
Japanese Navy units
Divisions
5th Carrier Division, 217
5th Cruiser Division, 217
Fleets
Southeast Area Fleet, 364-65, 412, 551
Southern Expeditionary Fleet, 138, 239
Southwest Area Fleet, 555
1st Fleet, 239
2nd China Expeditionary Fleet, 137
4th Fleet, 111, 133, 199-200, 215, 217, 274, 555
8th Fleet, 412
Forces
landing forces, 200, 215, 217, 274, 367-68
Pearl Harbor Striking Force, 111, 116, 121, 123, 131-32, 140
6th Special Naval Landing Force, 445, 505
South Seas Force, 199-200
3rd Special Base Force, 446
Yokosuka 7th Special Naval Landing Force, 505
and ABDA, 241
Allied headquarters in, 157, 160
and Allied strategic aims, 159
defense of, 174-75, 176-79, 218
Japanese offensive against, 168, 178-79, 191
in Japanese war plans, 96, 105, 108, 166
Johore Bharu, 138
Johore Strait, 173
“Joint,” definition of, 164
Joint Action of the Army and Navy, 475
Joint Administrative Committee, 455. See also Joint Logistics Committee.
Joint Board, 23, 37, 39, 72, 74, 83, 86, 108, 149, 152, 226. See also Joint Chiefs of Staff.
approves ABC-1, 90
establishment of, 22
on Hawaiian defense, 145
and Japan, negotiations with, 119
and national defense policy, 84
and offensive strategy, 34
and Pacific strategy, 28-29, 34, 40
and Philippines, 23, 36, 99, 100, 148-49
and plans for two-ocean war, 68
and RAINBOW plans, 71, 75n, 89-90
and unified command, 29-30, 144
and U.S. Pacific Fleet, 143
and U.S. strategy in Far East, 38
Joint Chiefs of Staff, 223, 229, 246, 250, 258, 291, 343, 375, 379-87, 395-96, 427-28, 430, 431-32, 524, 532, 542. See also Arnold; King; Leahy; Marshall.
and air deployment in Pacific, 333, 337
and Allied strategy, 219, 229, 377-84, 456
and Anglo-American relations, 387
and ANZAC proposal, 245
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 219, 222, 308
and Casablanca decisions, 393-94
and Central Pacific, 440-41, 467, 470-71, 514, 524
composition of, 226-27
and deployment of forces, 393
and ELKTON II, 393-95
and Hawaii, reinforcement of, 207
and Japan, plans for defeat of, 452, 598-601
and Japan, strategy against, 535-36, 594, 599
and JSSC, 230
and MacArthur, 389, 408-11, 462, 467
and Marshalls, invasion of, 524, 527
and Navy Department, 234
and North Pacific offensive, 330-31, 420, 423, 427-28, 430, 528, 530-32
organization of, 166, 225, 230-31, 455
and Pacific command, 242-44, 246, 247, 249, 362, 373, 397-98, 461, 463. See also Joint Chiefs of Staff, and unified command.
and Pacific Military Conference, 393-95
and Pacific objectives, 603
and Pacific Ocean Areas, 246, 250
and Pacific offensive, 306-07, 309, 313, 331, 364, 370, 374-75, 386, 394-95, 396, 461
and Pacific operations (1943–44), plans for, 516-17, 602-03
and Pacific strategy, 453, 467, 470-71, 514-16, 627-29
and priorities, 334-35. See also Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
and resources, allocation of, 389
and South Pacific offensive, 305. 311, 396
and Southwest Pacific, 247, 250, 298-99, 302, 358, 467, 542
and Soviet Union, 376-77, 420, 529
and strategic responsibility, 243
and TRIDENT, 456-57
and unified command, 160-61, 475-76, 477-78, 642-43
Joint command, 197, 477. See also Unified command.
Joint Deputy Chiefs of Staff, 230
Joint Intelligence Committee, 230-31
Joint Logistics Committee, 455
Joint planners, 28, 31, 73, 75, 77-78, 84, 244, 335-38, 349, 394-95. See also Joint Staff Planners; Joint War Plans Committee.
Joint Planning Committee, 22n, 29-30, 39-40, 68-71, 75-76, 159, 226-27
Joint Psychological Warfare Committee, 230-31
Joint Purchasing Board, 260-61
Joint Staff Planners, 227-29, 234, 241, 334, 447-48, 455, 460-66, 469-70, 512, 513, 524-42, 597-98, 603. See also Joint War Plans Committee.
and Central Pacific offensive, 460, 462, 469, 470, 524-25, 542
and Combined Staff Planners, 227
and Japan, plans for defeat of, 597-98
and Marshalls, invasion of, 460, 462-64, 469-70, 524-25, 527
membership and functions, 227-29, 455
and North Pacific offensive, 431-32, 528-31, 532
and Pacific command, 241, 462-63, 466
and resources, allocation of, 334, 537
and South Pacific, 470
and Southwest Pacific, 470, 542
and U.S. Navy Plans Division, 234
and U.S. strategy, 219, 231, 447-48, 469-70, 597-98
Joint staffs, proposals for, 359-61, 490-91, 495-96
Joint Strategic Survey Committee, 227-30, 377-79, 455-56, 467, 531-32, 598, 600
Joint Supply Committee, 164
Joint U.S. Strategic Committee, 228-31, 234, 241, 447-52, 455
Joint War Plan ORANGE. See ORANGE War Plans.
Joint War Plans Committee, 447n, 460n, 515, 597, 601
and CARTWHEEL, 469
and Central Pacific offensive, 460-61, 468-69, 514-16
and Japan, plan for defeat of, 596-98, 599-600
and Japan, strategy against, 452
and Pacific operations, 453, 538
and Pacific strategy, 466-69, 513-15
responsibility and membership of, 455
Jolo Island, 137
Jomard Passage, 275-76
Jones, Maj. Gen. Albert M., 196
–K–
Kahili, 533-34
Kai, 514
Kaiapit, 565-66
Kamchatka Peninsula, 528
Kato, Lt. Gen. R., 411
Kavieng, 467, 471, 516, 520, 535-36
and ELKTON I, 389
plans for Allied offensive against, 316
Kenney, Lt. Gen. George C., 253, 261, 368, 393-94, 403, 502, 563, 576
and Allied air forces, 313
and Arawe, 580
and Cape Gloucester, 579-80
and MacArthur, 357
and Nouméa Conference, 337
and Pacific Military Conference, 389-90
and Rabaul, 577
Kido, Marquis, and 1941 Cabinet crisis, 114-15
Kimmel, Admiral Husband E., 103, 115, 139, 143-44, 146-47
King, Admiral Ernest J., 145, 226, 233-34, 251, 339, 371, 526
and ABDA area, 170
and Admiralties, 375
and air forces, deployment of, 258, 303, 330-31, 334, 337-39
and Aleutians, 532
and Allied raids in Pacific, 290, 294
and Allied strategy, 377-78
and ANZAC, 201
and Army, 27th Division, 472
and Army command, South Pacific, 260
and Army-Navy relations, Central Pacific, 359
and Army organization, Central Pacific, 486
and Army staff, 360-61
and Atlantic-Pacific priority, 222, 308-09, 331, 334, 335, 379, 439-40
and Attu, 430
on Australia, command for, 245
authority of, 478
and Bataan, fall of, 265
and Casablanca Conference, 382, 394, 437-38, 517
and Central Pacific, 437-38, 439-40, 493, 516-17
and Central Pacific offensive, 441-43, 461-62, 466-67, 471, 518-19, 602
on Central Pacific route, 438
on China, 447-48
and command in Pacific, 241, 244-47, 252, 260, 296-98, 301-03, 372-74, 387, 390, 397-98, 461-63, 476-78, 481
and communications, lines of, 205
and Eisenhower, 493
and Ghormley, removal of, 343
and Gilberts, invasion of, 471
and Halsey, 373-74
and Hart, 173
and Hokkaido, 598
and Japanese offensives, 280, 337, 340-41
and joint staffs, 360-61
and Kiriwina, 371
and logistics problems, 356
and Leavey Report, 493
and Lutes Report, 493
and MacArthur, 296, 298-99, 300-01, 307, 373-74, 387-88, 410
and Makin, 523
and Marshall, 248-49, 299-303, 360-61, 374, 477, 495
and Marshalls, invasion of, 461, 527
and Mediterranean Theater organization, 495
and Nauru, 523
and Navy command, 226
and New Guinea, Japanese operations in, 317
and New Zealand, 245
and Nimitz, 303, 390, 461, 476-77, 481, 496, 500, 516-17, 523
and North Pacific offensive, 423-24, 425-28, 430-31, 478, 530
and Northeast Area, defense of, 201
and Pacific defense, 159, 241, 282-83
and Pacific objectives, 602
and Pacific Military Conference, 390
and Pacific offensive, 291-92, 302-03, 306-07, 327, 370-71, 387-88, 394, 396-97, 408, 461-62
and Pacific organization, 248-49, 295-96, 500
and Pacific reinforcements, 318, 322-25, 335, 340-41
and Pacific strategy, 221, 289, 370, 382, 518-19
and Philippines, 188, 385, 438
and Quebec Conference, 517
and resources, allocation of, 377, 382, 385
and Richardson, 486
and Solomons, operations in, 398
and South Pacific, 256, 326, 328, 329, 344, 396
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 295-301, 518-19
and Soviet Union, 527-28
and Theobald, 423
and Tokyo raid, 269
and TORCH, 335
and Tulagi, 294
Kinkaid, Admiral Thomas C., 427-31, 563
Kiriwina, 371, 395-96, 398, 401, 402, 411, 415, 461, 502-03
Kiriwina Task Force, 502-03
Kiska, 420-22, 424, 429-32, 470, 523. See also Aleutians.
forces for, 431-32
Japanese and, 283, 425-26, 432-33, 543
occupation of, 428-33
offensive against, 383, 424-26, 427-30
Knox, Frank, 86. 102-03, 139, 142, 144
Kobe, and Tokyo raid, 273
Koga, Admiral, 552-53, 557, 571-72, 575-77
Kokoda Trail, 316, 327, 331, 336-37, 340
Kolombangara, 368, 504-05, 559-62
Kondo, Admiral Nobutake, 167, 178
Konoye, Prince Fumimaro, 54, 58, 93
and decision for war, 114-15
favors peace, 121
on Imperial Genoax! Headquarters and Liaison Conference, 236-37
and Japanese Army, 49
policy toward U.S., 94, 104-05, 105n, 113-14
Konoye Cabinet
foreign policy of, 58-66
and Japanese economy, 59-60
Koro Island, 320
Kowloon airfield, Japanese attack on, 137
Kra Isthmus, Japanese attack on, 138
Kra Peninsula, attack on feared, 120
Krueger, Lt. Gen. Walter, 358, 407, 419, 502-03, 566, 579, 581-82
Kuala Lumpur, 166
Kuching, 139
Kula Gulf, 505
Kuril Islands, 108, 420, 433, 447, 528, 530, 544, 546, 590n, 598
Kurita, Vice Adm. Takeo, 576
Kurusu, Saburo, 117, 121-22, 124
Kusaka, Vice Adm. Jinishi, 412, 551
Kwajalein, 123, 132-33, 441n, 460, 468, 524, 572
Kyushu, 598
–L–
Lae, 199, 274, 298, 389, 396, 398, 461, 533, 563-65, 575
Allied offensive against, 275, 302, 316, 503
and ELKTON I, 389
Japanese and, 214-15, 306, 365, 367-68, 412, 564
and Nassau Bay, 503
Lae-Salamaua area, 214-15
Lae-Salamaua-Australia route, 199
Lae-Salamaua-Finschhafen line, 502
Lambeti Point, 510
Land offensive
British on, 82
in Europe, plans for, 159
Stark on, 82
Landing craft, 449, 581. See also LVTs; LSTs.
Landrum, Maj. Gen. Eugene M., 431
Langley, 177-78
Latin America, 69, 77, 85. See also Panama Conference; South America; Western Hemisphere. League of Nations, 25, 45, 47-48
Leahy, Admiral William D., 40-41, 43, 227, 335, 345, 394
and air reinforcements, South Pacific, 330
and Central Pacific offensive, 471
on Middle East, 335
and Pacific offensive, 394
replaced by Stark as CNO, 73
as Roosevelt’s chief of staff, 227
and Southwest Pacific, 299, 300, 602
and TRIDENT, 456-57
Leary, Vice Adm. Herbert F., 201, 215, 218, 248, 253, 297
Leavey, Brig. Gen. Edmond, 491, 493, 495-96, 498-99
Legaspi, 137
Legaspi, 191
Lembang, 168
to India, 349
to Middle East, 349
and shipping shortage, 164
Lesser Sunda Islands, 553
Lexington, 102, 215-16, 276-77, 281, 545n
Leyte, 181
Liscome Bay, 572-73
Litvinov, Maxim, 155
Liversedge, Col. Harry B., 510
Logistics, 156, 503, 505, 507. See also Communications, lines of; Supply.
and ABDACOM, 163
and aerial offensive, 596
and Army-Navy relations, 355-56
and atoll warfare, 589
in Central Pacific, 491
in China, 602
coordination of, 474
and ELKTON II, 392
and Gilberts, 569-71
and Harmon, 262
in Hawaii, 498
and Joint Staff Planners, 228
and Navy Department, Logistic Plans Division, 233
and North Pacific, 428, 530-31
in Pacific Ocean Areas, 492
and Pacific offensive, 305-06, 450, 465, 496, 498
in Pacific strategy, 521-22, 524, 596
and South Pacific, 257, 259-62, 346-48, 355, 465, 505
in Southwest Pacific, 252, 503
Logistics Section, Pacific, 496, 498
London Conference, 221-22
London Naval Conference, 56
Long, 579
Lorengau, 313
Los Negros, 552
Low, Capt. Francis L., USN, 269
Lunga Point, 306, 325, 342, 356, See also Henderson Field.
Lutes, Maj. Gen. Leroy, 347-48, 491-93, 499
Luzon, 21, 101, 123, 150, 187, 593, 599, 605
American retreat, 137
defense of, 98
Japanese attack on, 136-37
and RENO, 444
surrender of, 265
LVTs, 569
Lytton Commission, 47-48
–M–
MacArthur, General Douglas, 100, 264, 282, 558, 567, 591, 599
and ABDACOM, 170-71
and Allied air forces, 313, 341
and Allied naval bases in Australia, 341-42
and Allied raids in Pacific, 294
and Allied strategy, 186-89, 255, 341-42
appointed Supreme Commander SWPA, 247-49
and Arawe, 580
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 308, 341-42
and Australia, command in, 247-48
and Australia, defense of, 255-56, 275, 280, 282
authority of, as Supreme Commander SWPA, 250-51
and B-17’s, 357
and Bismarck Archipelago, 583
and blockade-running, 188-89, 192
and Bougainville operation, 534-35
and carriers, 587
and CARTWHEEL, 402-08, 415, 461-62, 465, 469, 471-72, 502, 514, 533-35, 563-67, 575, 582-83
and Celebes Sea, 451
and Central Pacific offensive, 438-39, 450, 463, 464-66, 535
and Central Pacific route, 444, 514
and command problems, 193-97, 244, 250, 296-97, 298-304, 361, 372-74, 387, 388, 397-98, 401. See also Southwest Pacific Area.
and communications, line of, 280
and corps headquarters, 313
and defensive strategy, Southwest Pacific, 331
and deployment of troops in Philippines, 137
and Dutch, 177
and ELKTON I, 389
and ELKTON II, 390-91
and envelopment, strategy of, 560-61
and Ghormley, 306-07, 311, 326, 341, 357-58
and Great Britain, 123, 186, 342, 520
and Guadalcanal, 326, 341, 358
and Halsey, 387-89, 401, 405, 533-34
and Harmon, 326
headquarters at Corregidor, 137
and Huon Peninsula, 563
Imamura on, 551
and Indian Ocean, 582
and Japan, strategy against, 450, 538, 600
and. Japanese attack on Philippines, 136-37
on Japanese strategy, 156, 280
and Joint War Plans Committee, 601
and Kenney, 357
and King. See King, Admiral Ernest J., and MacArthur.
and Kiriwina, 502
and Lae, 563-64
and Markham Valley, 566
and Marshall. See Marshall, General George C., and MacArthur.
and Midway-Aleutians attack, 281
and Mindanao, 194-95
and naval power, 251
and New Britain, 294-95, 578-79
and New Guinea, 280, 297, 317-18, 329, 340, 371, 396, 465, 472, 514, 564, 575
and New Ireland, 294-95
and Nimitz, 387
and Nouméa Conference, 317
on offensive strategy, 189-91. See also MacArthur, General Douglas, and Pacific offensive.
on ORANGE plans, 37, 100, 438-39
ordered to Australia, 194-95, 242
and Pacific defense, 280, 282-83
and Pacific Military Conference, 390, 396
and Pacific objectives, 396, 465
and Pacific offensive, 220-21, 251, 293-94, 311, 331-32, 364, 398-99, 452
and Pacific offensive, plans for, 294-98
and Pacific offensive, preparations for, 311, 313, 316
and Pacific offensive, Task One, 306-07, 317
and Pacific offensive, Task Two, 313, 318, 330-31, 370-75
and Pacific offensive, Task Three, 313, 370, 372-75
and Pacific reinforcement, 221, 223, 318, 322-23, 330-32, 340-42
and Pacific strategy, 150, 156-57, 220-21, 223, 375, 443, 444, 464-66, 514. See also RENO; CARTWHEEL. and Pacific Theaters, cooperation between, 357
and Pensacola convoy, 152
and Philippine Army, 39
and Philippines, 136-37, 190, 193, 290, 438-39, 514, 536-41, 553, 591, 598, 605
and Philippines, command in, 195-97
and Philippines, defense of, 100, 149-50, 181, 190
and Philippines, recapture of, 443-44. See also RENO.
and Philippines, reinforcement of, 98, 149-50, 186-89
on Philippines, strategic value of, 150, 186-87
and Philippines, supply of, 192
and popular opinion, 381
on preparations for war, 120-21
and Quebec Conference, 535-36
and Rabaul, 342, 370, 374, 386, 394, 442, 443, 465, 471-72, 514-15, 534, 536, 551, 576
and RENO, 443-44
and RENO II, 514
and resources, allocation of, 150, 342. See also MacArthur, General Douglas, and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
and Saido, 581-82
and shipping, 331, 341, 345-46, 521-22, 526
and Singapore, fall of, 190-91
and Solomons, 293-94, 297, 342-43, 357, 456, 472
South Pacific, role in, 476
and South Pacific Area, 311, 313, 330, 341, 357-58, 371, 388
and South Pacific offensive, 311, 313, 325-26, 465-66
and South Pacific reinforcement, 318
and Southwest Pacific Area, 247, 252-53, 296-97, 298-304
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 303, 453, 459, 502, 514, 519, 535, 604-05. See also MacArthur, General Douglas, and TULSA.
and Southwest Pacific route, 443-44, 450, 514
and Soviet Union, 419
staff organization of, 493-94
and Samson, 342
and Sutherland, 537-38
and TRIDENT, 465
and TULSA, 297-98, 313, 316, 327
and U.S. Navy, 300, 311, 313, 372-73
and Vitiaz Strait, 581
and Vogelkop Peninsula, 516
and War Department, on Philippine command, 197
and Wavell, 168-70
McCain, Rear Adm. John R., 256-57, 261, 352, 360
and air forces, South Pacific, 319-20, 337-38
and Army air forces, 259, 262-63
McCawley, 507
McClure, Brig. Gen. Robert B., 562
Machine guns, on Wake, 101
MacKechnie Force, 503
McNair, Lt. Gen. Lesley J., 144n, 361, 479
McNarney, Lt. Gen. Joseph T., 230, 282, 361-62, 390, 454n, 479
Madang, 396, 398, 461, 552, 564, 566, 581
and ELKTON I, 389
Magruder, Brig. Gen. John, 97, 156
Mahan, Admiral Alfred T., 21, 204
Makassar Strait, 168, 172, 174-75, 553
Makin, 133, 464, 489, 523-24, 567, 569, 571, 572, 573
Malacca Straits, 594
Malay Barrier, 143, 186, 187, 225
and ABDACOM, 163
and Allied strategy, 159, 187, 309
and Great Britain, 242
and Japanese, 241
Malay Peninsula
and Allied strategic aims, 159
Japanese invasion of, 168
and Japanese war aims, 166
Malaya, 123, 126, 157, 190, 466, 590n
and ABDACOM, 161
defense of, 172
Japanese forces in, 217
Japanese offensive against, 117, 124, 138, 166-67, 173
in Japanese war plans, 64, 96, 105, 107-09, 131
reinforcement of, 122
Malinta Tunnel, 267
Manchukuo, 154. See also Manchuria.
and Cairo Declaration, 592
defense of, 167
Japan and, 37, 45, 47-48, 50, 57, 109
Manchurian Incident, 478
Mandated Islands, 249, 439-40, 460, 467. See also Central Pacific offensive.
Manila, 123, 137, 146, 181, 591.
Manila Bay, 23-24, 29, 181, 191, 265-68
base at, 28. See also Philippines.
Harbor Defense, 196
in ORANGE Plan, 1935, 37
Mariana Islands, 382, 434, 438, 458, 515, 517, 518, 520, 524, 538, 552-53, 564, 598, 601, 602-03, 605
B-29’s in, 600
base at, 605
Japanese and, 517, 546, 552-53, 564
in ORANGE Plan, 1926, 33
Marine Corps, U.S., 42, 101, 182, 206-07, 219, 323, 388, 444-45, 464, 504, 575, 582, 600
Amphibious Training Center, 429
and Bougainville campaign, 575-76, 577
and CARTWHEEL, 402
and Central Pacific, 459
deployment of, 465, 476, 537, 538-40
at Guadalcanal, 323-24, 327-29, 336, 342, 345, 350, 437
and Midway, 281
and North Pacific offensive, 429
and Pacific offensive, 292, 295, 313
and South Pacific, 256-57, 259, 305-06, 391, 459, 559-60
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 299-300, 459
Marine Corps, U.S., aircraft, 133, 319, 391
Marine Corps, U.S., Amphibious Corps, 1st, 528
Marine Corps, U.S., Defense Battalions
1st, 101
4th, 562n
6th, 101
12th, 502n
Marine Corps, U.S., Divisions
1st, 295, 304-06, 319, 325, 343, 407n, 461, 463, 466, 469, 472, 581-82
2nd, 461, 463, 465, 469-70, 522, 569, 571, 573, 577n 3rd, 461, 472, 534, 576-78
4th, 524
Marine Corps, U.S., Raider Battalions
2nd, 436
4th, 506
Marine Corps, U.S., Regiments
1st, 305
4th, 101
5th, 305
11th, 305
22nd, 524
Maritime Provinces. See Soviet Maritime Provinces.
Mariveles, 182-83
Mariveles Mountains, 266
Mark Twain, and Tokyo raid, 269
Markham Valley, 533-34, 564, 575
Marshall, General George C., 118-19, 145, 202, 223, 281, 294, 313, 379, 382, 423, 427-28, 430, 471-72, 490, 495, 514, 536, 600-601, 605
and ABC-1, 89
and ABDACOM, 198
and air forces, deployment of, 198, 325-26, 330, 334, 338
and Allied strategy, 187, 189, 380, 382
and ammunition shortage, 344
appointed Army Chief of Staff, 73
and Army-Navy relations, 103, 326, 359, 360-61
and Army organization in Central Pacific, 485-86
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 76, 80, 83, 222, 223, 308-09, 331, 334
on blockade-running, 188
and BOLERO, 308
and Casablanca Conference, 380, 382, 394, 429
and Central Pacific offensive, 466, 525
and Combined Chiefs of Staff, 165
and command in Europe, 479-80
and command in Far East, 160-61
and command in Hawaii, 144
and command in Pacific, 245-46, 370, 372, 387, 390, 397-99, 479-80, 498-501
and command in Southwest Pacific, 296, 298-303
and command, unity of, 144, 160-61, 244, 303, 359-62, 372-74, 476, 478-79
and crisis of June, 1940, 76-77
and Europe, strategy in, 377
and Far East, strategy in, 156-57
and forces, deployment of, 478, 519, 530-31
and Halsey, 372
and Harmon, 260
and Hawaiian defense, 121
and Japan, negotiations with, 119
and Japan, plan for defeat of, 599
and Japanese threat, 119
and JCS, 226
and joint staffs, 359-61, 491-93, 496
and King. See King, Admiral Ernest J., and Marshall.
and Leavey report, 492-93
on logistics, 355-56
and Logistics Group, War Department, 233
and Lutes report, 492-93
and MacArthur, 186-89, 193-95, 247-48, 253, 299-303, 307, 326, 331-32, 372, 374, 389, 408-11, 461, 466, 535-36
and Marshall Islands, 525, 527
on Middle East, 334-35
and Midway, 282
on mobilization, 76
and naval reinforcements, Southwest Pacific, 332
and Nimitz, 371-72, 478, 479, 500
and North Africa, invasion of, 308
and North Pacific command, 424
and North Pacific offensive, 420-21, 423, 425-29, 430-31, 530-31
and Pacific, coordination in, 476
on Pacific, role of, 382
and Pacific air offensive, 100
and Pacific objectives, 602
and Pacific Ocean Area organization, 476, 492-93
and Pacific offensive, 293-95, 301, 306, 372, 374, 394, 410
and Pacific offensive, Task Two, 327, 370
and Pacific offensive, Tasks Two and Three, 372-74
and Pacific offensive, Task Three, 370
and Pacific organization, 496
and Pacific reinforcement, 282, 318, 322, 326, 331-33
and Pacific staff organization, 500-501
and Pacific Theaters, cooperation between, 357-58
and Pacific vs. Mediterranean priority, 382
and Philippines, 98, 121, 140, 149, 151-53, 187-89, 191-92, 197, 246
and Plan Dog, 83
and priorities, 334-35. See also Marshall, General George C., and resources, allocation of; Marshall, General George C., and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority.
and Quebec Conference, 517
and resources, allocation of, 147, 385, 394, 428
and Richardson, 486
and ROUNDUP, 308
and South Pacific, 326-28, 344, 372
and Southeast Area, 121
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 298-303, 525, 535
and Stalin, 529
on strategic planning, 229
and strategic responsibility, 243
and Supreme Command, 479-80
and Tanaga, 423
and Task Force 6184, 210-11
and Tokyo Raid, 270
and U.S. Marines, deployment of, 466, 470, 472
and Wainwright, 197
and war alerts, 74, 123-24, 140
and War Department Operations Division, 231
Marshall, Brig. Gen. Richard J., 253, 313, 406
Marshall Islands, 91, 143, 382, 396, 434, 438, 439-42, 452-53, 458-59, 468-69, 515-16, 520, 523, 569, 605
and Allied strategy, 385
approaches to, 463-64
Army planners on, 468
invasion of, and CARTWHEEL, 461, 463-64
invasion of, forces for, 459-62, 463-64, 470, 524
invasion of, JCS on, 462
invasion of, JPS on, 462-64, 470
invasion of, JSSC on, 467
invasion of, JWPC on, 462, 468-69
invasion of, plans for, 460-64, 471, 481, 522, 524-27
and Japan, 108, 132, 445-46, 543, 546, 553, 564
Nimitz on, 462
objectives in, 524-25
Marshalls-Carolines-Marianas, 70, 382
Martin, Maj. Gen. Frederick L., 144
Maruyama, Lt. Gen. Masao, 345
Masland, John W., 126n
Matsouka, Yosuke, 58, 63, 65, 93-94
Medical supplies, 192
Mediterranean area, 79, 86-88, 376
Allied bases in, 89
and Allied strategy, 380, 382, 455-56, 600
British responsibility for, 242-43
and British strategy, 378
King on, 495
Marshall on, 379
and Tehran Conference, 592
Mediterranean Theater
organization of, 493-95
U.S. Army troops in (December 1943), 537, 538, 540
Melanesia, 198
Melbourne, 195, 210, 245, 252, 253, 304, 311, 318
Merrill, Rear Adm. Aaron S., 576
MICHAELMAS. See Saidor.
Micronesia, 434-36
Middle East, 220. 308, 310, 334, 343
lend-lease shipments to, 349
reinforcement of, 376
Midway, 131, 271, 281, 285, 293, 308, 364
and air action, 282
and Allied offensive in Pacific, 294, 299
and Japan, 109, 316, 435, 440, 543
Japanese attack on, 278-81, 283-84
Japanese losses at, 283-84
reinforcement of, 281
significance of Battle of, 289, 311, 324, 436-37
U.S. Navy at, 264
Midway-Wake-Marshalls advance, 440-41
Militia in New Guinea, 199
Military Joint Planning Committee, 164
Milne Bay, 316, 329, 358, 415, 502-03
Mindanao, 136, 181, 186, 191, 266, 44-4, 468, 536, 601
command in, 196
invasion of, discussed, 538-41
Japanese offensive against, 137, 196, 266
and RENO II, 514
and RENO III, 536
Mindanao Force, 195
Miri, 138
Mitscher, Capt. Marc A., USN, 270
Mobile air forces, 303
Mobile forces, 221
Modus vivendi, U.S. attempts at, with Japan, 118-19
Molotov, Vyacheslav M., 63, 308n
Moluccas, 108
Monroe Doctrine, 75
Montgomery, Gen. Sir Bernard L., 343, 351
Montgomery, Rear Adm. Alfred, 577
Moore, Capt. Charles J., USN, 448n
Moore, Rear Adm. Charles A., 193n
Moore, Maj. Gen. George F., 196, 266
Morale, 184-86, 194, 267, 269, 271
Morinaesun, 189
Morobe, 503
Moscow Conference, 155
Motor ships, 191
Moulmein, 180
Mt. Natib, 183
Mt. Satelberg, 566
airfield at, 368, 371, 507, 509, 533, 559, 577
Japanese defense of, 511
Munda operation and Pacific Military Conference, 396
Munich crisis, 68
Munitions, shipment of, to Allies, 76
–N–
Nachi, 433
Nagano, Admiral, 95, 114, 116, 278
Nagoya, 273
Nagumo, Vice Adm. Chuichi, 131, 178, 200, 280, 283, 345
Nashville, 272
National Guard, U.S., mobilization of, 76
National Guard, U.S., 26th Division, 209
National Guard, U.S., 33rd Division, 209
Nauru, 445-46, 463-64, 469, 471, 522-24, 544, 571
Nautilus, 283-84
Naval bases, U.S., 23, 43, 153, 172, 202, 219, 221
Naval blockade against Japan, 593, 598-99
Naval Construction Battalion, 58th, 562n
Naval forces, 186-87, 189, 201. See also Navy, U.S., deployment of.
Naval operations
in ABDA area, 172-73
in Central Pacific, 589
Naval planners, U.S.
and aircraft, 258
and amphibious operations, 251
and ANZAC, 201
and Australian area, 246
and BOLERO, 290
and CARTWHEEL, 462
and Central Pacific offensive, 37, 462, 469
and communications, line of, 219
and ELKTON II, 392-93
and Funafuti, 290-91
and Hawaii, 143
and Kiska, 431
and Marshalls, 525
and New Guinea, 317
and Nimitz, 373
and Pacific, command in, 246, 372-73, 463
and Pacific, reinforcement of, 220, 290-93
and Pacific, staff organization in, 496
and Pacific fleet, 145-46, 372-73
and Pacific offensive, 39-40, 41, 221, 251, 307, 311, 370, 394-95, 469
and Pacific Ocean area, 246
and Pacific strategy, 27, 291-93
and Pacific Theater, organization of, 244, 248
and priorities, 334
and Rabaul, 469
and Solomons, 372-73
and Southwest Pacific, 295-96, 334
and U.S. strategy in Far East (1935–36), 38
Naval reinforcements, 172-73, 331-32. See also Navy, U.S.
and Aleutians, 281
and Coral Sea, 276
and Guadalcanal, 350
Navy, U.S., 37, 42, 85, 101-02, 118, 142, 145, 175-79, 264, 276, 302, 342-43, 347, 353-55, 464. See also aircraft carriers, cruisers, Pacific Fleet, Seventh Fleet, Third Fleet, U.S. Fleet.
and air power, role of, 353-54
and Army air forces, 354-56, 357
and Atlantic-Pacific priority, 333-34, 393
and Central Pacific. 437-38, 442, 449, 460, 464, 522-23, 589
deployment of, 87, 442-43, 467, 470
and Joint Staff Planners, 227
and JUSSC, 228
and MacArthur, 188, 244, 251, 357
and North Pacific, 422-23, 425-26, 431-32
and Northeast Area, 201
and Pacific, orientation of, 67
and Pacific command, 244, 294, 374, 397, 406, 479
and Pacific defense, 102, 224, 436
and Pacific Military Conference, 393
and Pacific offensive, 221, 289-95, 311, 370-71, 562-63
and Pacific reinforcement, 218-19, 328, 336
and Philippines, 98, 101, 150-51, 152-53
and preparations for war, 118-20
and RAINBOW plans, 71, 74, 143
and resources, allocation of, 333-34, 393
role of, in two-front war, 32-33
and South Pacific, 205-06, 311, 313, 336, 562-63
and Southwest Pacific, 293-94, 296, 299-302
task force organization, 474
and Tokyo raid, 269-74
Navy Department, U.S., 77, 233-34, 339
Navy, Secretary of, 84, 90. See also Knox, Frank. Navy War College, U.S., 437
Navy War Plans Division, U.S., 68, 227-28
Netherlands, 50, 58, 64-65, 74, 118, 121-22
and ABDACOM, 172-73, 174, 177, 240-41
air forces, 253
demand for fighters, 218
naval forces, 101, 111, 172-73
and Pacific command, 251. See also Netherlands, and ABDACOM.
and Philippines, 189
Netherlands East Indies, 89, 157, 240, 246, 249, 411, 466, 515, 544, 596-97
and ABDACOM, 161
and Allied headquarters, 157
and Allied offensive, 293, 311
and Australia, defense of, 242
defense of, 202-03
and Japan, 50, 59, 62, 64, 113, 217, 340, 438, 448, 541, 546-47
Japanese offensive in, 67-68, 175-76, 178-80, 191
and Japanese war plans, 95-96, 105, 107-08, 138, 166
and Japanese-U.S. negotiations, 116
and Pacific offensive, 444
and Pacific strategy, 382
and RENO H, 514
Netherlands Indies-Banda Sea route, 443
New Britain, 198-99, 294-95, 364, 371, 389, 395, 398, 469, 502, 533, 551-52, 564, 605. See also Bismarck Archipelago.
ALAMO Force and, 582
Allied air forces and, 563
Allied offensive on, 302, 566. See also New Britain operation.
Chamberlin on, 580
Japanese forces in, 552
Japanese reinforcement of, 412
in Japanese war plans, 109
MacArthur on, 578
New Britain operation, 578-82, 630-35, 675-85
New Caledonia, 99, 199, 208-12, 219, 246, 261, 284, 293-94, 320, 342, 347
and air reinforcements, 338
and ANZAC area, 201
and command, problems of, 208-00
and Japan, 217, 278, 279, 316. 440
reinforcement of, 208-09, 212, 281
strategic significance of, 208
New Georgia, 328, 367-68, 371, 388, 396, 461, 504, 533, 534, 569, 575
Allied offensive against, 388, 411, 504-11. See also TOENAILS.
and command, problems of, 510-12
and ELKTON I, 389
Japan and, 388, 412, 504-07, 559-60
MacArthur on, 444
operations in, 559-63
reinforcement of, 510
and South Pacific offensive, 395
and supplies, 505
New Georgia Attack Force, 504, 511-12
New Georgia Group, 390
New Georgia Occupation Force, 504, 511
New Guinea, 198, 241, 245-46, 249, 255, 274, 320, 323, 371, 382, 413, 415, 453, 458, 459, 461, 468, 515, 525, 551-52, 579, 582, 583, 589, 590n
aerial reconnaissance of, 313
and air superiority, 357
airfields in, 313
Allied air forces and, 563
Allied bases in, 364
Allied offensive against, 290-92, 302, 313, 316, 332, 372, 375, 378, 387-88, 389, 533, 544, 551
bombing of, planned, 295
and CARTWHEEL, 402
defense of, 317-18
Great Britain and, 379, 517-18
and Japan, 212, 214, 324, 331, 350, 364-65, 367-68, 411-13, 543, 546, 552, 564-66, 591
Japanese in, 296-97, 306, 324, 329, 336-37, 400, 413, 470, 518, 552, 555, 557, 591
Japanese offensive against, 198, 214-15, 289, 327, 413, 415
in Japanese war plans, 109
MacArthur and, 297, 329, 371, 465, 472, 514, 564
oil reserves, 451
operations in, 400-401, 402, 512, 563-67, 575, 587
operations in, plans for, 630-35, 675-85
and Pacific offensive, 383, 444
and RENO II, 514
and RENO III, 536
and resources, allocation of, 342
supply bases in, 406
New Guinea Force, 407, 419, 503, 533, 566-67, 581
New Guinea Volunteer Reserve, 199
New Hanover, 515
New Hebrides, 199, 201, 218, 221, 246, 257, 276, 291-94, 319, 320, 571
New Ireland, 198, 294-95, 364, 371, 515, 516, 525, 551-52, 580. See also Bismarck Archipelago.
and Japan, 200
operations in, plans for, 630-35
New Orleans, 192
New York, as embarkation port, 210
New Zealand, 157, 199, 240, 246, 262, 306
and Australia, cooperation with, 245
coast watchers, 445-46
and Combined Chiefs of Staff, 243
defense of, 159, 201, 220, 224, 245, 251-52, 257, 292, 336, 377-78, 379
demand for bombers, 218
and Fijis, defense of, 208, 223
and Pacific command, 251-52
port company at, 347
procurement in, 260
reinforcement of, 241
and South Pacific Air Force, 319
and South Pacific islands, 204-05
on Southwest Pacific command, 245
and strategic responsibility, 243
and U.S. strategy, 451
New Zealand Chiefs of Staff, 245, 257
New Zealand forces, 223, 348, 391, 459, 559, 575
Nichols Field, 136
Nicobar Island, 108
Nimitz, Admiral Chester W., 144, 293-94, 358, 362, 387, 389-90, 427, 430, 444, 473, 515-16, 523-24, 558, 567-68, 591, 598-99, 602
and air deployment in South Pacific, 339
and Allied raids in Pacific, 290
appointed Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas, 249
and Army, 360, 474, 476, 479, 489, 537
and Army organization in Central Pacific, 485
and Arnold, 354
authority of, 25-51, 478-79. See also Nimitz, Admiral Chester W., role of.
and Bougainville campaign, 576
and Carolines, 453
and Celebes Sea, 451
and Central Pacific, 435-36, 453, 476-77, 478-79, 516-17, 589, 605
and Central Pacific Force, 481-82
and Central Pacific offensive, 441, 459, 468-69, 471-74, 567-68
and Central Pacific Theater organization, 481-82
and command, unity of, 476-77
and command in Central Pacific, 478-79, 481-82, 487, 489-90
and command in Pacific, 244, 373-74, 397-98, 401
and command in Southwest Pacific, 374
and communications, line of, 205
and De Witt, 422
and Ghormley, 343
and Gilbert-Nauru plan, 469
Handy on, 499-500
Japanese on, 590
and Joint Chiefs of Staff, 256, 463
and joint staff, 495-96
and Joint War Plans Committee, 515, 601
and Kinkaid, 427
and King. See King, Admiral Ernest J. and Nimitz. and Kiska, 427-28, 431
Leavey on, 491
and Marshall. See Marshall, General George C. and Nimitz.
and Marshall Islands, 462-63, 515, 524-25, 526
and Midway-Aleutians attack, 281
and Nauru, 522-24
and North Pacific Area, 256, 421, 478
and North Pacific offensive, 425-27, 530
and Northeast Area, 215-16
at Nouméa, 337
and Pacific, reinforcement of, 283, 318, 325, 332-33
and Pacific Fleet, 250-51, 256, 374, 479, 481
and Pacific Ocean Areas, 256-57
and Pacific offensive, 251, 303, 307, 370-71, 388
and Pacific strategy, 289, 370-72, 514
and Philippines, 290
and Port Moresby invasion, 275-76
and Richardson, 490, 495-96, 498, 500
role of, 473-74, 477-79, 481, 498
and South Pacific, 294, 305, 318-19, 321, 343, 478
and Southwest Pacific, 358, 374
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 298-303
staff organization of, 473-74, 481-82, 495-96, 498
and Supreme Command, 479
and Turner, 510
and U.S. Navy planners, 463
Yamamoto on, 279
Nomura, Kichisaburo, 65, 92, 94, 104, 114-17, 119, 121-22, 124, 125n
North Africa, 163, 308, 310, 318, 344, 351, 376, 380, 493-95, 525, 537, 538, 540. See also TORCH.
North Pacific, 281, 419. See also North Pacific offensive.
air bases in, 531
Allied strength in, 281
American interests in, 417
and American strategy, 527-28, 530-33
Army-Navy relations in, 427
Japan and, 419-20
Joint Chiefs of Staff and, 532
JSSC on, 532
logistics in, 531
North Pacific Area, 256, 421, 423, 427, 600
and Army planners, 246
Army-Navy relations in, 423-24, 427
command in, 246, 421, 423-24, 430-31, 478
defined, 249
Soviet Union and, 600
North Pacific Force, 545n
North Pacific offensive, 424-26, 438
American strategy and, 535-36
and Army-Navy relations, 430-31
and Army planners, 427-28
bases for, 528
Buckner on, 531
command in, 430-31
debated, 527-30
JCS on, 386
King on, 425-26, 427-28, 430-31, 530
Kinkaid and, 429-30
Landrum and, 481
and logistics, 530
and Pacific Military Conference, 430
plans for, 421-23
and resources, allocation of, 426, 428, 431
Roosevelt on, 425
and U.S. Marine officers, 429
weather and, 430
North Pacific route, 590n Northeast Area
defense of, 199, 201-02, 215-16, 241, 255
strategic importance of, 198-99
Northeast Australia, 396
Northern Attack Force, 570
Northern China, 584
Northern Solomons, 391, 396, 515
Northwest Australia, as airbase, 444
Norway, 310
Nouméa, 212, 262, 279, 306, 360, 389
Free French port, 347-48
port facilities, 347
U.S. headquarters at, 261
Noyes, Rear Adm. Leigh, and South Pacific Expeditionary Force, 319
–O–
Oahu, 103, 123, 131-32, 256, 569. See also Pearl Harbor.
Oakland, 141
Ocean Island, 445
Offensive operations. See also names of Theaters and islands; Aerial offensive; Land offensive. and ABDACOM, 163
against Germany, 90. See also Germany, and U.S. strategy.
and RAINBOW plans, 71-72
in South Pacific Area, 257-58
Offensive strategy. See Strategy, offensive.
Office of Strategic Services, 231.
Ohio National Guard, 220
Oil, Japanese, efforts to secure, 60, 65, 95, 97, 104, 114, 599
Oklahoma, 132
Omori, Rear Adm. Sentaro, 576
Oran, 351
ORANGE War Plans, 22, 24-31, 82, 251, 292
and Casablanca Conference, 437
and Central Pacific, 436-37, 466
MacArthur on, 466
objectives of, 437
and Philippines, 36, 98, 181, 436-37
revision of 1921, 27
revision of 1926, 33-34
revision of 1928, 34
revision of 1935, 37
revision of 1935–36, 38-39
Ordnance, 98
Oro Bay, 413
Ota, Rear Adm. Minoru, 505, 560
“Overall Plan for the Defeat of Japan,” 668-72. See also Japan, plans for defeat of.
OVERLORD, 518, 526, 592-93, 603
Owen Stanley Range, 199, 284, 316-17, 329, 337, 350, 367
–P–
P-38’s, 322, 330-31, 392n, 415, 577
P-40’s, 98, 101, 136, 178, 202, 218, 282-83
Pacific
air forces in, 329-30, 331, 334, 395, 537, 538-40
air reinforcement, 344
Allied defense of, 240-43
Allied forces in, 601
Allied objectives in, 385
Allied offensive in, 289-92, [.294ff]., 389. See also Pacific offensive.
Allied organization in, 244-49
and Allied strategy, 377-79, 385-86. See also Joint Strategic Survey Committee; Atlantic vs. Pacific priority; Pacific strategy.
American commands in, 240. See also Pacific command problems.
American forces in, 217-18, 220-24, 240, 390-91
American interests in, 241-42
American responsibility in, 242-43. See also Strategic responsibility.
American strategy in. See Pacific strategy; Strategy, U.S.
Army-Navy relations in, 387, 388-89. See also Army-Navy relations.
Army strength in (April 1942), 224
Army strength in (December 1943), 537, 538-40
British naval forces in, 598-99
and Casablanca Conference, 392-93, 439-40
defense of, 68-73, 77, 102, 159, 224-25, 282, 344
defensive strategy for, 69-70, 76, 82, 85
deployment in, 221-24
Japanese air forces in, 334
objectives in, 593, 601-05, 627-29
port facilities, shortage of, 346-48
reinforcement of, 218-19, 225, 282-83, 290-91, 292, 322, 324-27, 330-33, 335-36, 341-42, 394-95
and resources, allocation of, 164, 333-34, 452
role of, King on, 377-79
and shipping shortage, 344-49
strategic responsibility in, 240-43, 246
Supreme Command of, 479-81
and U.S. Navy, 311
Pacific command problems, 240-50, 352-63, 372-75, 387-90, 397-99, 462-63, 498-501. See also Army-Navy relations; Central Pacific Area; North Pacific Area; South Pacific Area; Southwest Pacific Area; Unified command.
and Central Pacific, 473-79
Cooke on, 397
Handy on, 499-500
JPS on, 462-63
joint staff organization, 495-96, 498, 500
and King, 372-74, 390, 397-98, 461-62
and Marshall, 390, 397-99, 498-501
and MacArthur. See MacArthur, General Douglas, and command problems.
and Nimitz, 373-74, 397-98, 461, 495-96, 500
and Pacific offensive, Tasks 2
and Roosevelt, 252
Somervell on, 498-99
and U.S. Navy, 372-73, 397, 463, 496
Pacific Fleet, U.S., 61, 74, 115, 132-33, 143, 145, 240-41, 256, 276, 284, 289, 372-74, 403, 436, 477, 481, 575
and ANZAC, 201-02
in Central Pacific, 434, 436, 567
and communications, line of, 205, 245
defensive role of, 143
deployment of (December, 1943), 537, 538-40
and Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor, 132-33, 143
Japanese threat to, 146
and Japanese war plans, 105-07, 109, 111, 131
and Midway, 279-81
and Northeast Area, 201
and Pacific command, 499
and Pacific offensive, 370-71
strength of, 101, 143, 282, 545
Pacific Military Conference, 389-97, 430, 442, 444, 452
Pacific Ocean Areas, 248-49, 256, 358-59
defense of, 280
established, 617-18
and Japanese Navy, 239
organization of, 255-56, 491-93
and U.S. naval planners, 246
Pacific offensive, 220-21, 223, 364, 374-75, 398-99, 415, 619-20, 641. See also Pacific; Pacific operations; Pacific strategy.
and air bases, 599
and Cairo Conference, 572
and Casablanca Conference, 439-40
and ELKTON, 395
forces for, 324
Japanese fear of, 590-91
and MacArthur, 294, 331-32, 387, 395, 398-99
and Marshall, 294
objectives of, 388-89, 393, 395-98, 452-53, 458
plans for, 100, 251, 289-304, 386-88. See also
CARTWHEEL.
and RAINBOW plans, 74
and supply, problems of, 305-06
and Task One, 302-04, 306, 307, 311, 313, 317, 322-23, 327, 364, 388
and Task Two, 302-04, 307, 311, 313, 316-18, 322-23, 327, 329-32, 335-36, 364, 370-75, 395, 441, 452
Tasks Two and Three, command for, 374-75
Tasks Two and Three, plans for, 387-89
Task Three, 302, 304, 307, 311, 313, 316, 318, 364, 370, 372-75
Pacific operations. See also Pacific; Pacific offensive. MacArthur on, 514
1943, 559-67
1943–44, 457-60, 514-16, 517, 521-22, 524
priorities of, 600-601
and resources, allocation of, 521-22, 524, 525
shipping for, 526
Pacific routes, 590n. See also Central Pacific route; Southwest Pacific route.
Pacific strategy, 23, 43, 159, 217-18, 219-22, 289-94, 310-11, 370-72, 377-79, 385-86, 389, 392-93, 437-38, 515-16, 627-29. See also Army planners; Atlantic vs. Pacific priority; Central Pacific; Japan, plans for defeat of; Japan, strategy against; Navy planners; Strategy, Allied; Strategy, U.S.; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific. and air forces, role of, 372, 587
and Anglo-American relations, 381-85
Army planners and, 467-68. See also Army planners.
and Casablanca Conference, 381-85, 437-40
Combined Chiefs of Staff on, 219, 520
and JCS. See Strategy, U.S., and JCS.
in JPC report (1939), 70
JPS on. See Strategy, U.S., and JPS.
and JSSC. See Strategy, U.S., and JSSC.
and MacArthur, 150-51, 220-21, 251, 331, 341-42, 443-44, 465, 514. See also MacArthur, General Douglas.
objectives of, 447
offensive, argued for, 34. See also Strategy, U.S., offensive.
pattern of, 585-90
at Quebec Conference, 517-18
and resources, allocation of, 289, 382, 439-40, 516. and shipping, shortage of, 521-22, 526
and TRIDENT, 457-58
U.S. Navy planners and, 469. See also Navy planners.
Pacific Theater, organization of, 248-49
Pacific Theater Mobile Air Force, 303
Pacific Theater planners, 400
Pacific theaters, relations between, 331, 357-58. See also South Pacific, and Southwest Pacific; Central Pacific, and South Pacific.
Pacific warfare, pattern of, 585, 587, 589-90
Palau Islands, 134, 434, 444, 514-15, 520, 536, 538, 601-02
Palaus-Vogelkop Peninsula line, 515
Palembang, 175
Palmyra, 205-06
Pan American clippers, 152
Panama, 61, 70, 102, 119-20, 123-24, 144, 146-47, 349
Panama Canal, 21, 69, 74, 140, 143, 146, 192,
Panama Conference, 73
Panay Incident, 51
Papuan Campaign, 367, 389, 403-07
Papuan Peninsula, 198, 205, 316, 337, 364, 411
Parachute regiments, for RENO III, 537
Parker, Maj. Gen. George M., Jr., 182-83
Patch, Maj. Gen. Alexander M., 209-12, 219, 257, 347-48, 367
Patrol Wing, U.S., 10th, 136
Pattani, 138
Patton, Maj. Gen. George, 335, 525
Pearl Harbor, 23, 61, 74, 85, 256, 264, 274, 276, 279, 306, 319, 389, 436, 569, 584. See also Hawaii.
attack on, 102, 103, 117, 120, 122-25, 131-33, 135, 139
attack on, investigation of, 144
attack on, results of, 126, 132-33, 205
base at, 23, 30, 61, 101, 146-47, 256, 281, 343, 545, 570
headquarters at, 522
Japanese plans to attack, 64, 96, 105-08, 121-22
and JPC report (1939), 69-70
and Tokyo raid, 271
Pearl Harbor-Midway-Luzon route, 70
Peck, Brig. Gen. Dewitt, 390n
Peirse, Air Marshal Sir Richard, 168, 173
Pensacola convoy, 148-53
Percival, Lt. Gen. A. E., 139n, 173
Pershing, General of the Armies of the United States John J., 28-29
Persian Corridor, 344
Perth, 178
Petropavlovsk, base at, 528
Philippine Army, 39, 97, 100-101, 182-83, 265
Philippine Death March, 265
Philippine Department, 29
Philippine Division. See Divisions, U.S.
Philippines, 91, 140, 148, 246, 249, 284, 411, 544, 583, 590n. See also Filipinos.
and ABDACOM, 161
air attacks on, 265
and Allied air bases, 385
and Allied offensive, 293, 309, 311
and Allied strategy, 159, 186-88, 290, 382, 437-39, 518
American public opinion and, 126n
and American strategy, 88, 97, 100, 156, 443, 447
and ARCADIA Conference, 187
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 438-39
as basic problem of Pacific strategy, 21
and Central Pacific route, 538-41
command in, 195-97
defense of, 22-24, 27, 33, 37, 85, 91, 97-100, 118, 121, 137, 146, 150, 182-84, 224, 264
defense of, and ABDACOM, 168-70
defense of, and Joint Board, 148-49
defense of, Marshall on, 149
defense of, and ORANGE Plans, 34-35, 39, 42, 181
defense of, Roosevelt on, 149
defense of, and Singapore Conference, 157
defense of, Stimson on, 149
defense of, and USAFIA, 152, 161
defense of, Wavell
on, 177
Japan and, 117, 167-68, 541, 543, 553, 591
Japanese forces in, 217, 340, 555, 591
Japanese offensive against, 64, 123-24, 134-37, 146, 181-84
and Japanese strategy, 58, 96, 99, 105, 107-08, 109, 131, 181-83
and Japanese-Allied negotiations, 105
JCS and, 542
and JPC report (1939), 70
loss of, 264-68
MacArthur and, 150, 186-87, 196, 438-39, 443-44, 514, 535-39, 591, 604
neutralization of, discussed, 35-36, 190
operations in, 171, 598. See also Philippines, and Allied offensive.
and ORANGE plans, 24, 30, 34-35, 38-39, 42, 181, 436-37
and Quebec Conference, 520
recapture of, 451
recapture of, and Casablanca Conference, 439
recapture of, and TRIDENT, 457-58
reinforcement of, 36-37, 97-99, 119, 122-23, 149-50, 152-53, 186-89. See also Blockade running.
and RENO III, 536-37
and Roosevelt, 592
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 536-37, 538-41, 542
strategic value of, 30-31, 150-51, 186-87, 268, 443
Sutherland on, 538-42
and war warning, 119-20, 123-24
and Washington Conference, 26-27
Phillips, Admiral Sir Thomas, 123
Phoney war, 73
Pisa-Rimini line, 592
Plan Dog, 81-84
Poland, German invasion of, 52
Politics and strategy, 451, 465
Ponope, 453, 458, 515-16, 520, 602, 605
Port and Service Command, U.S., 484
Port facilities, shortage of in Pacific, 346-48
Port Moresby, 199, 221, 289, 316, 331, 437, 563, 566
and ABDA area, 202
and Australia, defense of, 255-56
and Japan, 214-217, 274-79, 284, 316-17, 327, 329, 336-37, 340, 350, 365, 413, 415. See also Coral Sea, Battle of.
Portuguese Timor, 176
Pound, Admiral Sir Dudley, 83, 164, 201
Pownall, Rear Adm. Charles A., 482, 571
President Coolidge, 328
Pribilof Island, 424
Prince of Wales, 123, 138, 146
Princessa, 191
Priorities, 333-39. See also Atlantic vs. Pacific priority; Resources, allocation of.
Production, Allied, 605
Psychological warfare, 231
Public opinion, 126, 126n, 139, 142, 148-49, 220, 269, 308, 381
Pursuit craft, U.S., 145. See also Air Groups, Pursuit; Fighter aircraft.
Pye, Vice Adm. William S., 144
–Q–
QUADRANT Conference, See Quebec Conference. Quebec Conference, 512-13, 516, 517-18, 520, 594, 601, 605, 650-53
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 517-18
and Central Pacific, objectives in, 524
and logistics, 521-22
and RENO III, 536
and Southwest Pacific offensive (1943–44), 520
and strategy against Japan, 595-96
–R–
Rabaul, 212, 215, 386, 400, 411, 413, 437, 440, 442, 447, 453, 460, 467, 470, 514, 520, 544, 579
Allied air bombardment of, 202, 275, 357. See also Rabaul, Allied offensive against; Rabaul, neutralization of, plans for.
Allied offensive against, 215, 275, 294-95, 296-97, 301-02, 307, 313-16, 364, 371, 375, 388-89, 391, 397, 437, 452, 502, 551, 577. See also Southwest Pacific offensive.
Allied offensive against, command of, 300-302, 373-75
and Allied strategy, 385
Army planners and, 469
and Casablanca Conference, 439
and Central Pacific offensive, 471-72
defense of, 200
fall of, 201
Great Britain on, 383
Japan and, 336, 411, 504-05, 551, 565, 577
Japanese base at, 200-201, 217, 274, 279, 290, 306, 313, 317-18, 323, 328-29, 337, 340, 342, 349, 364, 368, 446, 571, 575-77
Japanese offensive against, 200-201
in Japanese war plans, 199-200
JPS on, 542
JWPC on, 515
and MacArthur, 443, 465, 514, 534, 536, 542, 576
neutralization of, plan for, 458, 469, 535, 583
and Pacific Military Conference, 394-95
and Pacific strategy, 382-83, 398, 471-72
and Quebec Conference, 520
and RENO H, 514
and RENO III, 536
and TULSA Plans, 297-98
U.S. Navy planners on 469
Radar, and Battle of Guadalcanal, 350
Radford, Rear Adm. Arthur W., 570
Radio Tokyo, 272
RAINBOW 5, 71-72, 89-90, 100, 119, 289, 436. See also ABC-1.
invoked, 139-40
Rations, problem of
and Bataan, 184-85
and Corregidor, 267
and Philippines, 189, 191-92, 196, 265
Reconnaissance. See Aerial reconnaissance.
RED War Plan, 31
RED-ORANGE War Plan, 31-33
Reeves, Rear Adm. John W., 531
Reinforcement, problems of
in Pacific, 225, 282, 290-92, 318, 322-27, 330-33
in Philippines, 185-89
in South Pacific, 321-23, 326-33, 342-43
Relief Carrier Group, and Gilberts, 571
Rendova, 415, 504-05, 507, 562
RENO, 443-44
RENO II, 514-15
RENO III, 536-38, 542, 600-601, 661-67, 686-92
Resistance movements, Allied support of, 88
Resources, allocation of, 145-47, 158, 186-87, 217-22, 324, 326, 333, 344, 376-79, 383-84, 454, 526, 599-600. See also Atlantic vs. Pacific priority; Priorities.
in ABDA Area, 172
and Allied strategy, 380
and ARCADIA Conference, 158
Army-Navy disagreement on, 290-91
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 308, 517-18, 537, 541
and British strategy, 378-79
and CARTWHEEL, 402
and Casablanca Conference, 385
and Central Pacific offensive, 516
Combined Chiefs of Staff on, 243
and ELKTON H, 390-95
and Gilberts, 569
JPS on, 537
and North Pacific offensive, 426, 428, 431
in Pacific, 164, 207, 386, 393-94
and Pacific strategy, 289, 381-82, 439-40, 516, 521-22
and RENO III, 538
in Southwest Pacific, 163-64, 516
and TRIDENT, 458
Rice Anchorage, 507
Richardson, Adm. James O., 41
Richardson, Lt. Gen. Robert C., Jr., 313, 463n, 482-92, 495-96, 498, 500, 526, 537, 567, 654
Ritchie, Col. William L., 233, 535
Roberts, Col. Frank N., 469
Roberts, Owen, 144
Roberts, Col. Thomas D., 261
Rockwell, Rear Adm. Francis W., 429, 430
Rommel, General Erwin, 351
Rooke, 579
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 62, 72-73, 77, 81, 94, 97, 122, 142, 149, 173, 197, 203, 220, 226-27, 241, 308n, 344, 351, 380, 425
and ABC-1, 90
and ABDA area, 168-70
and Allied cooperation, 155-56. See also Roosevelt, Franklin D., and Great Britain; United States, and Great Britain.
and Allied strategy, 222-23, 380-81, 386
and Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 85, 222-23, 290, 292, 309-10, 318, 344
and Australia, 203, 220, 222-23, 241, 343
and Cairo Conference, 592, 605
and Casablanca Conference, 375, 385
and command, unified, 144, 160, 161n, 362
and command in Pacific, 244, 249, 252, 362
and declaration of war, 125-26, 142-43
and economic sanctions, 53, 59, 94
and Great Britain, 77, 86, 310, 344
and Great Britain, aid to, 77-78
and Japan, 53, 59, 65, 93, 94, 114, 118-19, 123-24, 269, 274
and MacArthur, 193-95, 221, 223, 247, 253
and military, relations with, 75, 227
and Pacific, 85, 310, 331, 348-49
and Pearl Harbor, 139, 142, 144
and Philippines, 149, 151, 185-86, 187-88, 190, 197, 592
and Quebec Conference, 520
and resources, allocation of, 153, 164, 220, 258, 331, 344, 348
and Soviet Union, 155, 420, 529
and strategic responsibility, 241-43
and TRIDENT, 458
and U.S. strategy, 75n, 84-85, 90, 92, 156-57, 222-23, 269, 274, 292, 310
Rota, 123
Routes to Japan, 590n. See also Central Pacific route; Southwest Pacific route.
Rumania, 89
Rumors and “invasion fever,” 140-41
Russell Islands, 388, 400, 413
Ryukus, 134
–S–
St. George’s Channel, 200
St. Matthias, 515
Saipan, 133, 280, 309, 445, 512n
Sakhalin, 584
Salamaua, 199, 274, 298, 398, 415, 461, 502-03, 533, 563
Allied offensive against, 302, 316
Japanese reinforcement of, 365, 412
Samoa, 27, 99, 205-06, 246, 284, 293, 320, 569
defense of, 204-05
Japan and, 109, 204, 212, 217, 278-79, 316, 435, 440
Samoa-Ellice-Gilbert advance, 440-41
Samoa-New Guinea-Mindanao route, 70
San Cristobal, 275
San Francisco, 119-20, 123-24, 140-41, 210, 212, 257, 260-61, 270-71, 303
San Francisco-.Sydney line, 252. See also Communications, Allied line of.
Sanananda, 367
Santa Cruz Islands, 294, 319, 345, 356
Saratoga, 134, 281, 319-20, 336, 576
Sarawak, 139
Sarmi, 555
Sasaki, Maj. Gen. Noboru, 505, 560, 562
Savo Island, Battle of, 324-25, 327
Sealark Channel, 320
Seattle, 140
Seawitch, 178
Segi Point, 505-06
Service Command Area (Bataan), 182
Service forces and troops, Allied, 103, 209-10, 224, 233, 248, 257, 262, 484
Service Squadron, South Pacific, 257, 259-60, 403
Services of Supply, U.S., 253, 262, 313, 348, 403, 491.
See also U.S. Army Forces in Australia. Seventh Air Force, U.S., 282, 470
Seventh Amphibious Force, 502-03
Sharp, Maj. Gen. William F., 195-96, 266
Shemya Island, 430-31
Sherman, Admiral Frederick C., 571, 576-77
Shimada, Admiral Shigetaro, 235
Shipbuilding, 449
and ANZAC, 201
and ELKTON II, 392-93
and Pacific strategy, 465, 521-26
for RENO III, 537
shortages of, 98-99, 163-64, 189, 203, 205, 209, 218, 252, 306, 323, 328, 331, 341, 344-49, 392, 426, 521-26, 530, 569, 581
Shipping, Japanese, 279, 306, 313, 436, 541, 543, 545-47, 555, 557, 596-98
Shoho, 274-77
Shokaku, 274-77
Short, Lt. Gen. Walter C., 103, 121, 144-45, 147, 204, 359
Shortland Islands, 216, 341, 368, 401, 533-34, 562, 575
Siberia, 340, 447. See also Soviet Union.
Japanese threat to, 311, 420, 528
Silverthorne, Col. Carl D., 233
Singapore, 26, 62-63, 80, 85, 87-88, 91, 150, 153, 164, 241-42, 593-94, 596
and American public opinion, 126n
British responsibility for, 242-43
Japanese offensive against, 138, 166-67, 173-74
and Japanese war plans, 58, 64, 108, 131, 138, 166
Singapore Conference, 155-57, 160
Singora, Japanese landings at, 138
Sittang Bridge, battle of, 180
Sixth Army, U.S., 403-07, 407n, 408, 579
SLEDGEHAMMER, 222, 308-310, 308n, 318, 326, 340, 376
“Slot,” 341
Smith, Maj. Gen. Holland M., USMC, 482, 489, 512n, 523, 573
Solomon Islands, 198, 221, 246, 275-76, 295, 313, 323, 371, 382, 398, 400-401, 453, 458-59, 552, 583, 589. See also Bougainville; Eastern Solomons, Battle of the; New Georgia.
air operations in, 333, 356, 357, 562
Allied bases in, 364
Allied offensive against, 290-92, 296, 300, 311, 317-20, 372, 375, 378, 389, 440, 544, 551
Allied offensive against, plans for, 305, 311, 313, 316, 387-88
Allied victory in, 350
bombing of, planned, 295
and British strategy, 379
command in, 397-98
Japan and. 212, 214, 296-97, 306-07, 311, 324, 327, 331, 336, 365, 367-69, 400, 411-13, 441-42, 470, 543, 546, 552, 558, 560, 565, 575
Japanese offensive against, 198, 216, 274-75, 289-90, 340, 344, 349-50, 413
Japanese reinforcement of, 368-69
Japanese threat in, 340-43, 345
King on, 398
and logistics, problems of, 355
and MacArthur, 294, 297, 465, 472
operations in, 502, 575-78, 589, 675-85
reinforcement of, 326
and resources, allocation of, 342
Roosevelt on, 344
and Southwest Pacific Area, 249
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 302-03
U.S. Navy planners on, 372-73
Solomons-New Hebrides-Fijis-Hawaii route, 199
Somervell, Lt. Gen. Brehon B., 233, 260, 347, 491, 496, 498-99
South America, 70, 75, 143, 249. See also Latin America.
South Atlantic, 69
South Atlantic-Africa route, and reinforcement of Australia, 152
South China Sea, 174-75, 448, 451, 468, 553
Japan and, 167, 221, 292, 593-94
offensive in, 596
routes to, 593-94
South Pacific, 344, 419, 571. See also South Pacific Area; South Pacific command problems; South Pacific offensive.
air forces in, 325-26, 329-30, 391, 575, 577
air reinforcements for, 322, 329-33, 338-39, 340
Allied strength in, Japanese estimate of, 551
Army-Navy relations in, 352-57, 510
ferry route in, 123
forces in, 391, 396, 401-03, 470, 537, 539-41. See also South Pacific Force.
Japanese aircraft in, 329-30
Japanese threat to, 289-90
and Japanese war plans, 105
and joint staffs, 361
JSSC on, 467
logistics in, 474
naval forces in, 332
and New Zealand, 240
operations in, 443, 465, 503-11, 559-63. See also South Pacific offensive.
pattern of warfare in, 587
and priorities, 334
and Rabaul, 579
and Southwest Pacific, cooperation between, 388-89
and strategy against Japan, 450-52
and supply, problems of, 346-48
U.S. Marines in, 559-60
U.S. naval forces in, 336
U.S. naval planners on, 334
South Pacific Air Force, 319-20. See also South Pacific, air forces in.
South Pacific Amphibious Force, 319-20
South Pacific Area, 256-63. See also South Pacific. air command in, 257-59
air forces in, 338-39
amphibious command, 257
Army command in, 257-58
Army headquarters in, 360
command in, 343-44, 403, 621-23. See also South Pacific command problems.
forces in, 256-57
geography of, 589
and MacArthur, 357-58
offensive operations in. See South Pacific offensive. operations in, 463. See also South Pacific, operations in.
organization of, 256-59, 260, 356
and Pacific offensive, 370. See also South Pacific offensive.
reinforcement of, 318
service commands, 257
and Southwest Pacific Area, relations with, 311, 313, 326, 357-58, 362
and Southwest Pacific offensive, 298, 311, 313
staff, 360
and Tulagi offensive, 302
South Pacific command problems, 259-61, 352-53, 372, 510-12, 583. See also South Pacific Area, command in.
South Pacific Expeditionary Force, 319
South Pacific Force, 389, 545n, 621-23
South Pacific islands, 204-05, 206-08
South Pacific offensive, 256-57, 263, 319, 324, 371, 430, 503-11, 641. See also Guadalcanal; Pacific offensive, Task One; Solomons; Tulagi.
and Army-Navy cooperation, 311, 313
Army planners on, 467-68
command of, 319
Halsey and, 371
Harmon and, 371
and Japanese air attack, 371
Japanese estimate of, 544
JCS on, 386
and JPS, 470
MacArthur on, 465-66
preparations for, 305-07, 311, 313, 318-20. See also Pacific offensive, Task One.
and logistics, problems of, 305-06
reinforcement for, 321-23
South Pacific-Southwest Pacific, boundary between, 397
South-Southwest Pacific route vs. Central Pacific route, 450-51
Southeast Area
command in, 412-13
and Japan, 364-65, 367-69, 411-12
Southeast Asia, 451, 590, 597, 603-05
and Cai10
Conference, 592
and Great Britain, 240
Japanese expansion into, 45, 127, 138-39, 166-67, 179-80
Japanese forces in, 591
and Japanese war aims, 126, 138
and Quebec Conference, 517
resources of, as factor in war, 125
Southeast Asia route, 541
Southern Attack Force, 571, 577n
Southern Bougainville, invasion of, 533-35
Southern Carrier Group, 571
Southern Solomons, and Nimitz, 473
Southwest Pacific, 389. See also Southwest Pacific Area; Southwest Pacific offensive.
air bases in, 503
aircraft in, and Rabaul, 576-77
Allied headquarters in, 157
Allied naval forces in, 502
and Allied strategy, 186-88
Allied strength in, 391
Allied strength in, Japanese estimate of, 551
American air forces in, 325-26
and American strategy, 535
Army-Navy relations in, 357-58
and Australia, 240
command in. See Southwest Pacific command problems.
Japanese aircraft in, 329-30
Japanese expansion in, 166-67
Japanese strategy in, 216-17
JSSC on, 467
and MacArthur. See MacArthur, General Douglas. operations in, 463, 502-03, 538, 597-98, 601, 605
operations in, and Central Pacific, 600
pattern of warfare in, 587
reinforcement of, 163-64, 292, 331, 408, 536
Roosevelt on, 344
and Singapore Conference, 157
and South Pacific, cooperation between, 388-89
and strategy against Japan, 450-52
U.S. naval forces in, 293-94
U.S. naval planners on, 334
Southwest Pacific Area, 246. See also Southwest Pacific.
and Allied forces, 253
amphibious operations in, 502-03
and Army command, 303
Army-Navy cooperation in, 360
and Army planners, 246
and Celebes Sea, 448
command in, 246-49, 294, 362, 372-74. See also Southwest Pacific command problems.
defined, 374
geography of, 589
and logistics, difficulties of, 252
and offensive operations, 370, 619-20. See also Southwest Pacific offensive.
organization of, 252-53
and RENO III, 661-67
and South Pacific Area, relations with, 311, 313, 326, 357-58, 362
Southwest Pacific command problems, 156-57, 194, 245-49, 294-304, 362, 372-74, 403-08, 602
Southwest Pacific Forces, 395-96, 401, 402
Southwest Pacific offensive, 295-304, 438, 502-03, 514-16,641
and air power, 296
Army and, 299-300
and command problems, 295-304
Great Britain on, 519
Japanese estimate of, 544, 551
Japanese fear of, 591
Japanese strategy against, 599
JCS on, 386
JPS on, 470
MacArthur on, 514, 535. See also MacArthur, General Douglas.
and Philippines, 536-37
preparations for, 313. See also Pacific offensive, Tasks 2
and 3.
and Quebec Conference, 518-19, 520
and U.S. Marines, 299
and U.S. Navy, 299-302
vs. Central Pacific offensive, debate on, 587, 600-602
Southwest Pacific route, 443-44, 450, 514, 590n Soviet Maritime Provinces, 154-55, 419
Soviet Union, 126, 220, 345, 376, 379
and Allied conferences, 155-56
and Allied cooperation, 458, 531, 592
and Allied strategy, 221-22, 376-77
American aid to, 142, 527-28. See also Soviet Union, lend-lease to.
and American air forces, 529
and Asia, 592
and British strategy, 378-79
and Far East, 155
and Germany, 63, 65, 93, 529, 548
and Japan, 50, 51-52, 59-61, 63-64, 419, 459, 527-29, 545, 547-48, 592
and Japan, war against, 598-600
Japanese fear of. 114, 150, 166-67, 216-17, 547
and Japanese war plans, 109, 111-12
and Kurils, 598
military cooperation with U.S., 420
neutrality pact with Germany, 52
neutrality pact with Japan, 63-64, 93
and North Pacific offensive, 429, 527-30
and OVERLORD, 592
and Pacific strategy, 599
participation in war, 154
and South Pacific, 419
and Tehran Conference, 592
and U.S. See United States, and Soviet Union. Spaatz, Maj. Gen. Carl, 228, 335
Spanish-American War, 21
“Specific Operations for the Defeat of Japan,” 673-74. See also Japan, plans for defeat of; Japan, strategy against.
SPM group, 182
Spruance, Rear Adm. Raymond A., 281, 284, 307n, 396, 444, 482, 489, 524, 568
and Central Pacific, 442, 522n, 523-24
and Pacific Military Conference, 390, 395-96
and U.S. Pacific Fleet, 442
Stalin, Marshal Joseph, 63-64, 155-56, 419-20, 527, 529, 592
Stark, Admiral Harold R., 81-84, 115, 118, 125n, 126, 143n, 147, 152-53, 173
and ABC-1, 89
appointed Chief of Naval Operations, 73
on Atlantic vs. Pacific priority, 80
on economic sanctions, 94, 94n
on Great Britain, 82
on Hawaii, 144-47
and JCS, 226
and Joint Board, 226
and King, 226
and mobilization, 76-77
and Pacific defense, 163-64
on Philippines, 149
and reaction to Pearl Harbor, 142
replaced by King, 145
on Soviet participation in war, 154
and war warning, 123-24
State Department, U.S., 77
Stilwell, Lt. Gen. Joseph W., 270
Stimson, Henry L., 47, 78, 92, 97, 119, 123, 342
and Pearl Harbor, 102, 139, 142
and Philippines, 98, 148-49, 187-88
Stivers, Col. Charles P., 253
Strait of Malacca, 593
Strait of Sunda, 175
“Strategic Plan for Defeat of Japan,” 644-47. See also Japan, plans for defeat of; Japan, strategy against.
Strategic planning, 68-71, 231, 233-34. See also Army planners; Joint Staff planners; Joint Strategic Survey Committee; Joint War Plans Committee; Naval planners.
Strategic responsibility
and command, 243
spheres of, 205-07, 240-43, 246-47, 249-50
Strategy, Allied. See also Strategy, U.S.
aims of, 158-59
and British Chiefs of Staff, 378
and Europe, role of, 378
and Germany, 221-22, 289, 310, 376-77, 380, 385
and Italy, 380
and Japan. See Japan, strategy against; Pacific strategy.
Japanese estimate of, 544-45, 590-91
MacArthur on. See Pacific strategy, and MacArthur.
and Mediterranean, 380
and Pacific vs. Mediterranean concept, 382
and Philippines, 186-88
and priorities, 335. See also Priorities.
and Sicily, 380
and Singapore, 191
in Southwest Pacific, 186-88
and Soviet Union, 221-22, 376-77
Strategy, U.S., 25, 38, 74-77, 81-83, 88, 141, 156.-58, 319, 437, 443, 447, 451, 459. See also ABC-1; ANVIL; Army planners; Atlantic vs. Pacific priority; BOLERO; CARTWHEEL; Central Pacific; ELKTON; “Germany first” strategy; Japan, plans for defeat of; Japan, strategy against; Navy planners; ORANGE Plans; Pacific strategy; Plan Dog; RAINBOW; RED-ORANGE War Plan; RENO; ROUNDUP; SLEDGEHAMMER; South Pacific; Southwest Pacific; Strategy, Allied; TOENAILS; TORCH; TULSA.
and Allied cooperation, 70-71
and Army-Navy dispute, 218-19. See also Army-Navy relations.
and Central Pacific. See Central Pacific, role of,
in U.S. strategy; Central Pacific, strategy for;
Central Pacific offensive; Central Pacific route. and Combined Chiefs of Staff, 219, 520
and command, relationship between, 370-72
defensive, 34, 39-41, 70-72, 76, 82, 90-91, 143, 251, 290-91, 331
and Germany. See Germany; “Germany first” strategy.
and Great Britain, 381-85. See also Great Britain. and Japan. See Japan, plans for defeat of; Japan, U.S. strategy against.
and JCS, 219, 381-84, 467, 470-71, 514, 516
and JSSC, 229-30, 447-52, 456, 467
and MacArthur. See Pacific strategy, and MacArthur.
and North Pacific, 527-30, 531-33, 535-36
offensive, 39-42, 84, 136, 150-51, 189-91, 251, 370-72, 377
and political factors, 451, 465
and South Pacific, 442-43
and Southwest Pacific, 535
and two-front, war, offensive-defensive, 32
Stratemeyer, Maj. Gen. George E., 230, 377, 394
Streett, Brig. Gen. St. Clair, 361-62
Strong, Brig. Gen. George V., 76, 78
Strother, Col. Dean C., 261
Subic Bay, 23-24
Submarines, Allied, 101, 143, 168, 178, 188, 192, 253, 276, 281, 283-84, 313, 319, 350, 436, 449, 504, 545-46, 553, 557, 562, 597
Submarines, Japanese, 131-32, 133, 200, 209, 217, 239, 274, 279, 280, 433, 571-72
Sugiyama, General, 105, 114, 116-17, 278
Sulu Archipelago, 137
Sumatra, 174-75, 179, 191, 241, 249, 544, 590n, 596-97
and Allied strategic aims, 159
and Japanese war plans, 96, 108, 166
Sunda Islands, 546
Sunda Strait, 178
Supply, problems of, 140, 185-86, 188, 376. See also Logistics.
and ABDACOM, 179
and ANZAC area, 201
and CARTWHEEL, 403
and Guadalcanal, 325, 328, 355
and MacArthur, 341
and New Caledonia, 210
and Pacific offensive, 305-06
and Philippines, 191-93, 195-96
and South Pacific Area, 257, 259-60, 261-62, 346-48
and Southwest Pacific, 341
and Tulagi, 325
Supply bases, floating, 589
Supreme Allied War Council, 164
Supreme Command in Europe, 479-80
Supreme Command in Pacific, 479-81
Supreme Commander of the Southwest Pacific Area, 247-49. See also MacArthur, General Douglas.
Sutherland, Maj. Gen. Richard K., 253, 337, 389, 392, 396, 442, 537-42, 600-601
and Pacific Military Conference, 390, 395-96, 444
and RENO III. 537-42
Suzuki, Teiichi, 95
–T–
Takagi, Vice Adm. Takeo, 274
Tamana, 446
Tanaga Island, 422-23, 424-25, 427
Tanimbar Island, 514
Tankan Bay, 131
Tarakan, 167-68
Tarawa, 133, 445-46, 464, 468, 522-24, 569, 571-73
Task forces, U.S.
ALAMO Force (New Britain Force), 408, 502-03, 566, 579, 581-82
Task Force 16, 281
Task Force 39, 576
Task Force 6184, 209-10, 211-12, 224, 342. See also Divisions, U.S., Americal.
Woodlark Force, 502-03.
Task One, Task Two, Task Three. See Pacific offensive, Task One, etc.
TBF’s, 281
Ter Poorten, Lt. Gen. H., 168
Terauchi, Field Marshal Hisaichi, 167, 553, 591
Terrain, and strategy, 252
Thailand, 62-64, 89, 93, 105, 108, 123, 131, 138, 179-80, 590
Theobald, Rear Adm. Robert A., 421-24, 424n, 427
Third Fleet, 403
Thirteenth Air Force. 261, 263, 403
Tientsin, 137
Timor, 108, 166, 176, 242, 245, 453, 553
Tinker, Maj. Gen. Clarence L., 145, 282
Tjilatjap, 177-78
Tajo, Hideki, 58, 94, 104, 105n, 115, 235-36, 549-50
and decision for war, 114, 121-22, 124-25
Tokyo, 212
Tokyo Bay, 280
Tokyo Naval War College, 105
Tokyo Raid, 264, 269-74, 278, 436
Tonga Group, 218
Tongatabu, 218, 219, 257, 291, 318, 356
Tonolei Harbor, 533-34
TORCH, 322, 326, 332-36, 344-45
Torokina, 576-77
Torpedo boats, 101
Torpedo bombers, 339
Torres Strait, 153, 199, 274, 289-90
Townsville, 202, 215-16, 502-03
Transportation. committee on, 231
Transports, 152, 306, 317, 449
TRIDENT Conference, 454-60, 465, 467, 517, 593, 648-49
Tripartite Pact, 60-61, 62, 80, 93, 113, 115-16
Trobriand Islands, 371, 502-03, 533. See also Woodlark Island; Kiriwina.
Truk, 217, 274-75, 290, 295, 319, 345, 349, 434, 438, 439, 448n, 453, 458, 515-16. 520, 575, 597, 602, 605
and Allied offensive, 309, 383
Japanese base at, 199-200, 279, 411, 446, 523, 552, 555, 576, 599
Tulagi, 284, 289, 306, 364, 505
Allied offensive against. 275-76, 293-94, 297, 301-02, 319
and Japan, 214-17, 274-76, 323, 365
and Pacific offensive, Task Two, 313
TULSA plan, 297-98, 313, 316-18, 327, 389
Turner, Rear Adm. Richard K., 149, 227, 234, 257, 354, 360, 406, 445n, 482, 570
and Army troops, 489
and Central Pacific, 510
and command, 511-12
and Guadalcanal, 344n
and Hester, 509
on MacArthur, 251
and Nauru, 523
on Pacific Theater, 248
and South Pacific, 319, 320, 325
Twining, Maj. Gen. Nathan F., 261, 352-53, 360, 390, 403
Two Ocean Navy Bill, 449
Tydings-McDuffie Act, 36
–U–
Umnak, 283
Unconditional surrender, 447, 593, 596, 602
Unified command. See-also Command. Army planners on, 372
in Central Pacific, 475-79, 589
in Far East, 160-61
Hull on, 512
JCS on, 475-78
King on, 476-77
Marshall on, 144, 299-300, 359-62, 372-74, 478-79
and New Georgia, 511-12
in North Atlantic, 423-24
in ORANGE Plan, 29-30
in Pacific, 244, 250, 361-63, 372-74, 462-63, 559
and Pacific offensive, 398-99
Roosevelt on, 144
in Southwest Pacific, 297, 303
and staff organization, 475-76
U.S. naval planners on, 372
Wedemeyer on, 361-62
Unified Command for U.S. Joint Operations, 475-76
United Kingdom. See Great Britain.
United Nations, 165, 210. See also United States, and Great Britain.
United States
aid to Allies. See Allies, U.S. aid to.
and Axis, 142
and Burma, defense of, 203
and China, 51-53, 59-62, 97, 117, 123
entry into war, 79, 82-83, 96, 142-43
forces, 100-101, 163-64, 176, 220, 533, 559, 563, 578. See also Air forces, U.S. Army; Deployment of U.S. forces; Divisions, U.S.; Infantry, U.S.; Naval forces.
foreign policy, basic aims of, 61-63. See also United States, and China; United States, and Great Britain; United States, and Japan; United States, and Soviet Union.
and Germany, 143. See also Germany; “Germany first” strategy.
and Great Britain, 61, 68-69, 142, 310, 380-86, 494, 517, 594. See also ARCADIA Conference; Casablanca Conference; London Conference; TRIDENT Conference.
and Great Britain, aid to, 142
and Great Britain, and unified command, 475n. See also Command, Allied.
and Great Britain, military cooperation with, 68, 78-83, 84-89, 123, 155-59, 230, 451
and Great Britain, and Pacific offensives, 386, 603-05
and Great Britain, and strategy, 88, 379-85, 457-59, 594, 600-601
and Italy, 143
and Japan, 25, 50, 61, 65, 80, 92-93, 97, 113, 115, 117, 126, 420. See also Japan, plans for defeat of; Japan, strategy against.
and Japan, economic sanctions against, 51, 59, 61, 94, 118
and Japan, negotiations with, 94, 104-05, 109, 114-24
in Japanese war plans, 59, 64, 108-09, 125-26, 327
military strength, 70, 73, 85, 97-98
national defense policy, 84-88, 92, 96-97. See also Strategy, U.S., defensive.
neutrality of, 73
politics, 126, 126n, 148-49, 465. See also Congress; Roosevelt, Franklin D.
preparations for war, 61-62, 75-76, 100, 126, 142
and South Pacific islands, 204-05
and Soviet Union, 142, 154-55, 344, 419-20, 527-30
and Tripartite Pact, 61-62
U.S. Army Forces in Australia (USAFIA), 151-52, 161, 170-71, 191, 198, 248, 253, 257
U.S. Army Forces in the Far East (USAFFE), 97, 170, 182, 193-96, 240, 248, 253, 403
U.S. Army Forces in the South Pacific Area, 260-63
U.S. Fleet, 28, 31, 68-69, 77, 79, 88, 102, 216, 345, 449
U.S. Forces in the Philippines (USFIP), 197, 253, 264
–V–
Van Mook, 177n
Vandegrift, Maj. Gen. Alexander A., 304-06, 320, 325, 342
Vella Gulf, 560
Vigan, Japanese landings at, 136
Vinakauan airfield, 201
Viru harbor, 505-07
Visayan Force, 196
Visayan Islands, 136, 192-93, 266
Visayan-Mindanao Force, 196
Vitiaz Strait, 389, 396, 564, 575, 578, 581
Vogelkop Peninsula, 451, 514-16, 520, 535-36, 538, 601, 605
–W–
Wainwright, Lt. Gen. Jonathan M., 182-84, 196-97, 248, 253, 264-65, 266-68
Wake Island, 91, 97, 101, 123, 131, 284, 440, 446, 460, 463-64, 469, 524-25, 543-44
and Central Pacific offensive, 468-69
Japanese offensive against, 124, 133-34
and Japanese war plans, 107-08, 131
War, declaration of, 124
War aims. See Allies, war aims of.
War Council, U.S., 85, 118-19, 142
War Department, U.S., 77, 123, 140, 145, 260, 391, 480, 490
and Australia, defense of, 198, 203, 220
organization of, 226, 231, 233
and Pacific command, 257
and Philippines, 98, 100, 192, 197
and shipping, shortage of, 526
and war warning, 119-20
War Department, U.S., Operations Division, 231-34, 361-62. See also War Plans Division, U.S.
War Department planners, 486
War Plans, U.S. 67-71, 139-40, 143, 221-22. See also ORANGE Plans; Strategy, U.S.
War Plans Division, U.S., 76, 98, 146, 157, 227, 231. See also War Department, U.S., Operations Division.
War Shipping Administration, U.S., 345, 349
War warning, 119-24
Warfare, nature of, in Pacific, 585, 587, 589-90
Washington Naval Conference (1921–22), 25-27, 56
Wavell, Lt. Gen. Sir Archibald, 156, 164, 172-77, 201-03, 242, 253
and ABDACOM, 161-63, 168-70, 177, 202, 607-09
and MacArthur, 168-70
and Philippines, 177
and unified Allied command, 160-61
Weapons, allocation of, and Combined Chiefs of Staff, 165-66
Weapons, Committee on, 231
Weather, Committee on, 231
Weather, as strategic factor, 122, 271, 430
Wedemeyer, Brig. Gen. Albert C., 231, 335-36, 361-62, 390n, 392-93
West Coast, U.S., defense of, 140, 143, 146-47
West Virginia, 132
Western Defense Command, 421-22, 478
Western Hemisphere defense, 69-70, 71, 73, 75, 77, 82-84, 86-87, 240-41, 336. See also RAINBOW; United States, national defense policy.
Wewak, 365, 367-68, 471-72, 514-16, 520, 527, 533, 536, 555
Wheeler Airfield, 132
Whitlock, Col. Lester J., 253-55
Wickham Anchorage, 506
Wilkinson, Rear Adm. Theodore, 388-89, 510, 562
Williamson, Brig. Gen. Raymond E. S., 348
Willoughby, Col. Charles A., 253
Willson, Vice Adm. Russell, 230, 532
Wilson, Woodrow, 25
Wood, Maj. Gen. Leonard, 24, 27-28
Woodlark Island, 371, 395-96, 398, 402, 461
occupation of, 401, 402, 411, 415, 502-03
Woodlark Force. See Task Forces.
–Y–
Yamamoto, Admiral Isoroku, 64, 204, 277-80, 284, 349-50, 365, 411-15, 575
on Japanese strategy, 96
and Pearl Harbor attack, 105, 107, 122, 125, 132
Yamashita, Lt. Gen. Tomayuki, 138, 166, 173
Yamato, 280
Yap, 515
Yarnell, Capt. Harry E., USN, 25
Yokohama, 273
Yokosuka Navy Yard, 273
Yokoyama Force, 317
Yonai, Admiral Mitsumasa, 53
Yorktown, 143, 207, 216, 276-77, 281, 284, 545n
Yoshida, Zengo, 58
Yugoslavia, 89
–Z–
“Zeros,” Japanese, 136, 201, 369
Zieta, 560
Zuikaku, 274-77