Index

–A–

Adachi, Lt. Gen. Hatazo: 48, 86–87, 87n, 90, 93, 95, 97–98, 99, 145–46, 147–49, 168, 171, 185–86, 195–96, 205n. See also Japanese units, 18th Army.

Admiralty Islands: 31, 39, 49, 51–52, 87, 90, 91, 214–15, 494

seizure and development: 26, 89, 208

strategic importance: 5–9, 90

Afua: 111–202, passim.

A-GO Operation: 347–49, 351, 358, 359, 361–62, 398, 444

Air attacks, Allied, carrier-based. See also Air plans; Close air support; Strategic air support.

Aitape: 117, 130

Hollandia: 61, 68, 90

Marianas: 8, 358–59

Palaus: 90

Philippines: 455–56, 491–92

Truk: 8

Wewak: 130

Air attacks, Allied, land-based. See also Air plans; Close air support.

coordination with artillery: 221, 224, 519

destruction of vegetation: 244n, 558, 564–65

effect on fortification: 382, 410

on Japanese combat vessels: 354

on Japanese shipping: 86, 347

skip bombing: 382

strafing: 103, 117, 215n, 355, 388, 447, 471, 482, 500, 509

Air attacks, Allied, targets. See also Air plans; Close air support; Strategic air support.

Aitape area: 117, 130

Arafura Sea islands: 455

Biak: 290, 296, 382

Caroline Islands: 49, 494

Celebes: 455, 481–82

Ceram: 455, 481

Halmahera: 455, 481–82

Hollandia area: 49–50, 92

Noemfoor: 407, 410, 419

Palaus: 494–95, 519

Vogelkop Peninsula: 407

Wakde–Sarmi: 24, 50, 223–24

Western New Guinea area: 49–50, 232–33, 455

Wewak: 48, 49–50

Air attacks, Japanese

Biak: 296–97, 315, 352, 357, 394

Hollandia: 73, 78

Morotai: 491, 493n

Owi: 352–53

Sansapor–Mar area: 447

Air dispositions, Japanese, SWPA: 92

Air force units. See Fifth Air Force; Seventh Air Force; Thirteenth Air Force.

Air losses, Japanese: 50–51, 348–49

Air observers. See Reconnaissance.

Air plans

Biak Operation: 286–87

Central Pacific: 453–54

Halmahera region: 450–52

Hollandia and Aitape Operation: 19–24, 43

Noemfoor Operation: 401, 402–03

Palaus and Morotai Operations: 453, 456, 464–66

Sansapor–Mar Operation: 431, 432–33

Wakde–Sarmi Operation: 214–15

Air reconnaissance and photography. See Reconnaissance.

Air reinforcements, Japanese: 348–50

Air supply: 34, 67, 81, 127, 478

Air support. See Close air support; Strategic air support.

Airborne operations

at Noemfoor: 411–16

dummy parachutists dropped: 49

plans to drop paratroopers: 20

Aircraft. See B-24’s; B-25’s; B-29’s; Beaufighters; Beauforts; C-47’s; PB4Y’s.

Airfield development, Allied

Aitape: 23, 34, 36, 103, 108–10

Biak: 281–82, 288–89, 300–301, 340, 344, 375, 392–94, 401–02

Hollandia: 34, 36, 77, 81, 108, 108n, 109

Morotai: 478–79, 490–91

Noemfoor: 397, 402–03, 410, 422–23

Palaus: 530, 548–49, 550, 573–75

Sansapor–Mar: 437–40, 446–49

Wakde–Sarmi: 211, 278–79

Airfield development, Allied, construction problems

construction on virgin terrain: 530

drainage: 108, 108n, 394, 491

heavy equipment: 439–40

obtaining engineer units: 402, 437–39

responsibility for selection of sites: 479

shipping problems: 32–34, 35–36, 437–40

soil conditions: 549

steel matting: 108, 448

surfacing material: 394, 491

unloading equipment: 490

Airfield development, Japanese

Aitape: 22

Biak: 281–82

Hollandia: 18

Noemfoor: 398

Philippine Islands: 456

Wakde–Sarmi: 20

Western New Guinea: 20

Airfields, Allied

advancing the land-based bomber line: 10–11, 13, 425, 425n, 450–52

position in strategic planning: 10–11, 13, 207–08, 279, 425, 425n, 449, 452–53

relation of SWPA airfields to operations in Central Pacific: 26–27, 208, 211, 217, 379

Aitape, use as Allied staging area: 218, 480–81

Aitape Garrison Unit: 113

Aitape Operation: 103–205. See also PERSECUTION Task Force.

battle for the Driniumor: 152–205

beachhead and airfield seizure: 103, 105–08, passim.

casualties: 204–05, 577, 578

forces, organization of: 25, 28, 33, 103, 115, 136, 160, 175, 189, 203

planning and preparation for: 19–42, 51–52, 103–05, passim.

terrain and airfield development: 22

troop dispositions, Allied: 114–17, 134–37, 138, 139–43, 155–56, 173–174

troop dispositions, Japanese: 116, 145–50, 166, 167

troop strength, Allied: 29, 32, 133, 135, 138

troop strength, Japanese: 29, 113, 147, 186, 186n

AK (Cargo ship, auxiliary)

employment as fire support ship: 104–05

use in assaults: 36–37, 38–39, 109–10, 110n

AKA (Cargo ship, attack)

employment as cargo overflow vessel: 475

use in assaults: 36, 37, 58

ALAMO Force: 29–32, 34–35, 82–83, 131–34, 137–38, 204, 210–12, 218, 237–38, 258, 259, 282, 284, 285, 320, 341, 342–43, 345, 346, 400, 401, 402, 403, 412–13, 430, 438–39, 448n, 449n, 479

Lt. Gen. Walter Krueger in command of: 14–16, 33

organization of: 14–16, 30, 208n, 463

position in SWPA chain of command: 15, 33

Reserve: 31, 32

supply and replacement responsibility: 396, 437, 477–78

ALAMO Scouts: 429, 429n

Aleutian Islands: 1, 85, 85n, 86

Allied Air Forces, SWPA: 32, 34, 48, 50–51, 83, 104, 208, 210–11, 212, 214, 217, 278, 279, 288, 340, 341, 344, 353, 362, 388, 397, 401, 407, 425, 425n, 451, 454, 455, 456, 464, 489, 492–93, 494–95

organization and command: 14, 15, 25, 463

responsibility for and selection of air base sites: 479

subordinate commands: 403, 464

supply responsibilities: 34, 477–78

Allied Naval Forces, SWPA: 49, 210–11, 285, 340–41, 346, 394–95, 401, 430, 451, 463, 464, 489, 492–93. See also Amphibious Forces; Fifth Fleet; Naval strength; Naval task organizations, U.S.; Seventh Fleet; Third Fleet.

organization and command: 14, 28

supply responsibilities: 34, 35–39, 216, 285, 396, 404, 477

Ambon Island (Amboina): 4, 11, 89, 447

Ambush operations: 61, 128, 144, 155, 163, 247, 313, 389, 394, 395, 529

Ammunition. See also Logistics; Units of fire.

armor-piercing projectiles: 310

defective: 42, 199

expenditure by air units: 407

expenditure by artillery: 111, 269, 323, 388, 389

expenditure by mortars: 382

expenditure by naval vessels: 53, 224, 287, 405, 471, 482–83, 495

for assault units: 35

Japanese shortages: 147–48

losses due to Japanese air attacks and fire: 73, 79

shortages: 41–42, 66, 154, 324, 471

Amphibian tank. See Landing Vehicle, Tracked (Armored).

Amphibian tractor. See Landing Vehicle, Tracked.

Amphibious forces

III Amphibious Force: 464, 466n. See also Naval task organizations, U.S., Task Force 31.

VII Amphibious Force: 14, 211, 214n, 216, 403–04, 403n, 429, 464

Amphibious operations

air support: 54, 68, 224, 290, 407, 440, 482, 495–96, 499, 500

beachheads: 43, 55–59, 68–72, 224–26, 228, 290–96, 298–99, 407–10, 440–42, 487, 489, 496–98, 500–505

congestion at landing beaches: 72, 82, 210–11, 498, 501–02, 504

execution of landings: 53–59, 68–70, 224–26, 290–94, 407–11, 440–42, 483–87, 496–98, 500–502

on inland lake: 74–76

Japanese beach defenses: 301–02

Japanese opposition to landings: 224, 409–10, 496–98

logistics: 32–42, 215–16, 284–85, 404–05, 437–40, 471–78

naval gun fire support: 27–29, 45, 47, 48–49, 53–55, 68, 78, 128–129, 214, 219, 221–22, 224, 287, 290, 296, 302–03, 403, 406–07, 411, 419, 434–35, 440, 464–66, 471, 482–83, 495–96, 500

organization of forces: 14–16, 24, 27, 28, 114, 116, 211–16, 283–84, 400–404, 434, 463–67

plans for landing: 42–48, 208–18, 285–88, 400–406, 432–36, 468–71, 475–79

rehearsals and training: 51, 289, 291, 436, 474–75, 481

ship-to-shore movement: 80, 104, 219, 221–22, 224, 228, 287, 290–94, 296, 297–99, 306–07, 311, 407–10, 440–41, 442, 473, 474–75, 477, 483–88, 496–98, 499–502

shore-to-shore movement: 260, 273, 433, 441

terrain conditions at landing beaches: 17–18, 56, 57–58, 71–72, 442, 469, 483

unopposed landings: 53–55, 68–70, 290–99, 407–11, 440–42, 483–87, 500–502, 548

Amphibious trucks. See DUKWs.

Anami, Lt. Gen. Korechika: 88–89, 95–97, 99–100, 232–33, 362–63. See also Japanese units, 2nd Area Army.

Anamo: 123–26, 127–28, 134, 137, 140, 149–50, 158, 159, 162, 163, 169, 172, 174, 185, 190, 192–94

Anchorages: 13, 16, 18, 475, 575

Angaur Island. See Palau Islands Operation.

Angaur Sector Unit: 462, 500, 531

Antiaircraft Artillery, Allied

antiaircraft LCM: 311

defense positions: 254–55, 257, 258–59

Japanese bombers shot down: 297, 315, 352

Japanese ground attack against: 257

in landings: 47, 56, 110, 489

units reinforce Biak: 345

90-mm.: 56

Antiaircraft artillery battalions

744th: 489

383rd: 489

Antiaircraft artillery groups

116th: 402n

208th: 296–97

214th: 489

Antiaircraft artillery, Japanese: 61, 65, 335, 337

3-inch guns: 302

90-mm. dual purpose: 61

90-mm. guns: 372

Antitank guns: 242, 272

Aoeki Island: 280, 341

APAs: 219, 464

APDs (destroyer-transports): 9

as fire support vessels: 104

in landing operations: 68, 284, 434, 436, 441, 464, 483

Arafura Sea islands. See also Air attacks, Allied, targets.

air neutralization of Japanese strength: 24, 26, 215, 454, 455

planning for capture: 451

strategic importance: 4, 6–7, 10–11

Arare: 213, 215–16, 219, 219n, 220, 221, 237, 243, 251, 254–55, 257, 258, 266

Army Service Forces: 426, 427–28

Artillery, Field, Allied: 213. See also Field Artillery units; Howitzers; Mortars.

coordination with air attacks: 221–22, 519

coordination with infantry units: 191, 239, 243, 244–45, 246, 268–69, 322

coordination with naval support fire: 221–22, 224

covering withdrawals: 311

fire delays Allied advances: 76, 337, 339–40

destruction of vegetation: 244n, 524, 558, 564–65

during amphibious landings: 296, 409, 470, 489

effectiveness against caves, draws, ravines, defiles: 247, 248, 306, 310–11, 323, 330, 544

emplacements: 254–55, 519

against Japanese infantry attacks: 152, 168–69

misplaced fire: 199, 199n

in mopping-up operations: 527–29

observation: 199n, 332, 335

self-propelled 75-mm. weapons (SPM): 517–19, 522

75-mm. (howitzers): 161, 316, 559, 565, 565n, 566

105-mm. (howitzers): 56, 61, 66, 70, 111, 135, 139, 159, 237, 247, 269, 286, 388, 389, 409, 418, 470, 472, 511, 519, 529

155-mm. (gun): 341, 502

155-mm. (howitzers): 133, 159, 262, 268, 389, 470, 519, 524, 527, 529

Artillery, Field, Japanese

effectiveness: 76, 261–62, 324, 390, 409–10

emplacement: 518

70-mm.: 147, 245, 409–10

75-mm.: 147, 222, 261–62, 265–66, 324, 378, 512

Artillery liaison aircraft: 191, 247

Ashbourne, Captain Lord: 450n

Asia Islands: 450n, 481, 577, 578

Asias (Peleliu): 533, 534, 556

Australia: 426

as staging base: 4, 29, 34

strategic importance: 5–6, 86, 88

Australia, HMAS: 53, 407

Australian units: 15. See also Royal Australian Air Force.

2/6 Cavalry (Commando) Regiment: 205n

6th Australian Division: 205n

–B–

B-24’s: 217, 423, 423n, 573

close-support operations: 286–87, 296, 389, 407

long-range support missions: 26–27, 407, 423

operations against Japanese shipping: 354

B-25’s

air supply operations: 67, 67n

close-support operations: 24–26, 104, 130, 382, 419

long-range support missions: 26, 215, 407, 492

operations against Japanese shipping: 355–56

skip-bombing attacks: 382

B-29’s: 5, 7–8, 11

Babelthuap: 457, 461, 499, 540–41

Bailey, Lt. Col. Cladie A.: 121

Bailey Force: 115, 122–23

Baldy Ridge (Peleliu): 539, 542, 543, 553–54, 555, 558–59

Banzai tactics: 188, 200, 231, 363, 513, 518

Barbed-wire defenses: 140, 141, 152

Barbey, Rear Adm. Daniel E.: 14, 27, 30–31, 36–37, 39, 48, 103, 110n, 210, 403n, 464, 475–77, 480, 487. See also Naval task organizations, U.S., Task Force 77; Amphibious forces, VII.

Barges, Japanese: 113, 296, 346, 397, 432, 460

in KON Operation: 355, 356, 358, 359–61

losses in reinforcing Peleliu: 541

use at Morotai: 488–89

Barnes, Brig. Gen. Earl W.: 434, 446–47. See also Thirteenth Air Force, U.S. XIII Air Task Force

Bases. See Airfields, Allied; Logistics, staging areas.

Batjan Island: 357, 358–59

Battleships: 27–29, 353–54, 358, 466, 471

Bayonet charge: 168

Beach defenses. See Amphibious operations.

Beach mats: 442

Beach sleds: 39–40, 57

Beaches. See Amphibious operations.

Beachheads. See Amphibious operations.

Beauforts: 129–30, 133

Beaufighters: 129–30, 133

Becker, Maj. Edward A.: 191

Bell, Brig. Gen. Marcus B.: 535

Berkey, Rear Adm. Russell S.: 28, 403, 434

Biak, use as Allied staging area: 480

Biak Detachment: 300–03, 307, 311–12, 313, 315, 317, 318, 323, 326–27, 338, 346, 350, 361, 363, 374, 380, 391, 397, 401–02, 498

Biak Island, as airbase: 450–51

Biak Island Operation: 280–396. See also HURRICANE Task Force.

casualties: 392, 577, 578

importance in inter-theater strategy: 208

Japanese naval plans: 346–50

Japanese use and defense of Biak: 299–303

KON Operation: 350–64, 443, 489

Noemfoor landing plan compared with: 405

planning and preparation: 280–90

reduction of Japanese pockets and caves: 365–90

securing of Mokmer Drome: 304–45

seizure of beachhead: 290–99

terrain: 280–82, 295, 300–301, 304, 305, 313, 334

troop dispositions, Allied: 315, 316

troop dispositions, Japanese: 300, 315, 381

troop strength, Japanese: 285, 300, 361, 363, 381

Bismarck Archipelago: 32, 86, 90. See also Admiralty Islands; New Britain.

air missions against: 26, 27

Japanese isolated: 16

Japanese units and strength: 93

Blamey, Gen. Sir Thomas: 14–16, 32

Blandy, Rear Adm. William H.P.: 465, 466, 499, 501

Bomber planes. See B-24’s; B-25’s; B-29’s; Beauforts.

Bonin Islands: 90, 454–55

Borneo: 423, 493

Bosnek: 280–99, 302, 311–16, 332, 340–41, 352, 380, 385, 387, 392

Bostock, Air Vice Marshal William D.: 14, 15, 26

Bottcher, Capt. Herman: 120, 120n, 121

Boyce, 2nd Lt. George W. G., Jr.: 177n

Boyd Ridge: 553, 556, 563

Bridges, Japanese: 110, 246

Brisbane: 19–20, 39

Bulldozers: 56, 442, 485, 563, 571

against bunkers: 503

against pillboxes: 501

clear beaches: 500–501

fill antitank ditch: 503

Bunkers. See Fortifications, Japanese.

Burns, Maj. Ralph D.: 190, 192, 194, 195, 197, 198–99, 199n

–C–

C-47’s: 81, 130, 403

transport paratroopers: 413–16

Cannibalism: 375, 422

Capes

Cretin: 40, 41, 52

Delegila: 457, 482

Good Hope. See Kaap de Goede Hoop.

Ngariois: 503, 504, 505, 510

Ngatpokul: 470, 504, 510

Opmarai: 433, 443

Pie: 45, 70, 72, 82

Pkul a Mlagalp: 470, 503

Sansapor: 432, 434–35, 441, 442–43, 446

Soeadja: 45, 47, 77

Tjeweri: 45, 70, 72, 82

Cargo planes. See C-47’s; B-25’s.

Caroline Islands: 455–56, 457. See also Palau Islands Operation; Yap; Ulithi.

air neutralization: 24, 26, 49, 208, 214–15, 217, 279, 454–55, 494

Allied invasion plans: 429, 450, 452–53, 466–67

Japanese strength and dispositions: 85, 87, 89, 91, 348, 349, 350, 358, 361

strategic importance: 1, 3–4, 8, 492, 575

Carriers. See Air attacks, Allied, carrier-based; CVEs.

Casualties, summary

American: 576, 577

Japanese: 576, 578

Cavalry units

Composite Squadron: 202

1st Cavalry Division: 9, 31, 39

6th Reconnaissance Troop: 434, 441, 443, 445

32nd Reconnaissance Troop: 114–16, 120–21, 175

112th Cavalry Regiment: 128n, 132–33, 133n, 135, 139, 140, 143, 144, 155, 156–57, 158, 160, 164–65, 169, 170, 171, 172, 172n, 174, 174n, 175, 180–81, 182, 183, 184, 187, 189, 200, 202n, 203

Cave warfare

description of caves: 222, 265, 375, 380–81, 547, 553, 565

difficulties: 249, 269, 270, 323, 373, 546, 547

methods of reducing caves: 230, 268, 273–74, 306, 372–73, 374–75, 382–83, 384, 389, 544–45, 563, 566, 567, 571, 572

CBs. See Naval Construction Battalions.

Celebes Islands: 447–49. See also Manado.

air neutralization: 450, 451, 454, 455, 482

strategic position: 4, 6–7

Celebes Sea: 455, 456

Center Sector. See Aitape Operation.

Central Pacific Area: 80, 464, 465, 472n. See also Nimitz, Admiral Chester W.

Allied Air Force SWPA support: 208, 217, 279, 288–89, 340, 341, 393

Allied offensive: 6–9, 88, 348, 349, 450, 452–53

strategic value: 1–12, passim.

Central Pacific Fleet: 93, 100, 462, 465

Central Sector Force: 234, 235–36, 236n, 266–67, 274–75

Ceram: 87, 449, 450–51, 454, 455, 482

Chief of Naval Operations and Commander in Chief of the U.S. Fleet. See King, Admiral Ernest J.

China: 85

source of Japanese reinforcements: 86, 88, 89, 91, 232, 233

strategic position: 1, 12, 452–53, 454, 455

China Wall (Peleliu defense position): 553, 566, 567, 571, 572

Chinapelli: 112, 116, 127–28, 147, 150, 157, 170

Christensen, 2nd Lt. Dale Eldon: 172n

Civil Affairs. See Netherlands Indies Civil Administration.

Clifford, Lt. Col. Thomas E., Jr.: 59–61

Climate: 22, 344. See also Communications difficulties.

affects communications: 128, 194–95

affects operations: 62, 275, 319, 321, 510

affects weapons: 195

hampers construction: 110

hampers Japanese supply movements: 148

Close air support. See also Air attacks; Air plans; Strategic air support.

carrier-based: 13, 20–21, 23, 24–26, 43–45, 47, 53, 54, 61, 68, 103–04, 403, 450, 464–66, 470–71

land-based: 23–26, 104, 129–30, 211, 217, 284, 287, 296, 382, 407, 419, 432–33, 451–52

Coastal Attack Force: 150, 161–62, 171

Combat loading. See Logistics.

Combined Chiefs of Staff: 1, 8

Combined Fleet: 89–90, 95, 100, 347–48, 348n, 350, 355, 358, 359, 361, 398, 462

Communications difficulties: 76, 128, 154–55, 165–66, 169, 194–95, 196, 497. See also Radio; Telephone; Ship-to-shore communications; Lines of communications.

Congressional Medal of Honor Awards

Boyce, 2nd Lt. George W., Jr.: 177n

Christensen, 2nd Lt. Dale Eldon: 172n

Endl, Staff Sgt. Gerald L.: 155n

Eubanks, Sgt. Ray E.: 420n

Lobaugh, Pvt. Donald R.: 173n

Control boats: 406–07, 440

Convoy movement: 51–52, 100, 290, 481–82, 496

Coral Sea, Battle of: 85

Corps, U.S. Army

I: 29, 278, 343

X: 445

XI: 134, 463, 490

Counterbattery fire: 287, 323

Cruisers

Allied: 27, 45, 47, 53, 214, 284, 296, 353, 356, 403, 403n, 407, 440, 464, 466, 471, 482–83

Japanese: 353, 354, 355, 357, 358, 398

Crutchley, Rear Adm. V. A. C.: 15, 53

Cunningham, Brig. Gen. Julian W.: 135, 143, 144, 156–61, 164–66, 173, 177–89, 202

Currents. See Hydrographic information.

Cutler, Capt. Roger, USN: 80

CVEs (Escort carriers): 23, 24, 27, 103, 104n, 464, 466, 482, 491

CYCLONE Task Force: 402, 404, 406, 407, 408, 411–13, 419, 420–21, 422

Cyclops Mountains: 16, 17, 77

–D–

Dahlen, Lt. Col. Chester A.: 60

Dale, Group Captain William A. C.: 109, 422, 423, 424

Davao: 351, 352, 354

Japanese staging area: 88, 92, 348, 351

Allied air attacks: 456, 482

Dark, Col. Robert F.: 505, 512, 535, 547, 560, 568–69

Darwin: 26, 215, 450–51

Daugherty, 1st Sgt. James H. P.: 446

Davison, Rear Adm. Ralph E.: 24, 28, 104n

Dazai: 59–67

Death Valley (Peleliu): 533, 553, 566–71

Defense, Allied

perimeters: 72, 119–20, 122, 163–64, 184, 228, 250, 254–55, 258–59, 312–13, 316–17, 335–36, 417–18, 505, 511–12

positions: 114–16, 126–27, 140–43

Defile and defilade: 60, 247–49, 265, 305–06, 335. See also Biak Island Operation; Parai Defile.

Delaying action, Allied: 156–58

Demolition: 65, 80, 274, 389, 390

caves: 547–48, 571

UDTs: 495–96, 499

used in clearing passage through reefs: 58, 80, 403, 485, 487

Demta Bay: 77, 101

Dépapré: 48, 58, 61, 62, 64

Destroyer-escorts: 214, 358

Destroyer-transport. See APDs

Destroyers

Allied: 27, 45, 47, 53, 54, 55, 104, 105, 214, 220, 245, 247, 284, 296, 304, 306, 353, 356, 386, 403, 403n, 419, 440, 443, 464, 466, 471, 482–83, 500

Japanese: 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 360, 398

Disease. See Medical problems.

Dispositions. See Troop dispositions.

Doe, Brig. Gen. Jens A.: 29, 31, 103, 111, 212, 218, 221, 236, 238, 321, 337, 342, 344, 364, 365, 366–67, 368, 378, 379. See also HURRICANE Task Force; PERSECUTION Task Force; TORNADO Task Force; Infantry divisions, U.S., 41st.

Doreaba Plain: 457, 460, 475, 491

Drindaria River: 112, 121, 129

Driniumor River: 103–30, 147, 134–51, 152–205

DUKWs (amphibious trucks): 77

in landing operations: 284, 286, 287, 297, 405, 408, 485

crossing reefs: 408, 409, 485

howitzers dropped in position by: 409

rehearsals: 289, 474

use in withdrawals: 311

–E–

East Caves (Biak): 301, 303, 305, 306, 310–11, 323, 324, 327, 328–29, 330, 332, 380–84, 387. See also cave warfare.

East Sector. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Eastern Defense Area. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Eastern Defense Command. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Eastern Sector. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Echelon formations: 61, 156, 294–95

Eichelberger, Lt. Gen. Robert L.: 29, 30, 33, 43, 48, 58, 79, 80–81, 278, 343–44, 364, 365, 368, 369, 372, 377, 379, 450n. See also HURRICANE Task Force; RECKLESS Task Force; Eighth Army, U.S.; Corps, U.S. Army, I.

Eighth Army, U.S.: 278, 396n, 424n, 449n, 450n

Endl, Staff Sgt. Gerald L.: 155n

Endo, Vice Adm. Yoshikazu: 95, 98–99

Enfilade fire: 212–13, 377

Engineer Petroleum Production Depot: 427–28

Engineer units

Engineer Aviation Battalions

187th: 422–23

836th: 231, 437–38, 439, 441, 446

860th: 341, 393

863rd: 334, 340, 375, 393

864th: 341, 393

872nd: 108–09

875th: 108–09

1881st: 439, 448

1884th: 530

1887th: 530

1896th: 393

1897th: 437–38, 439, 448

Engineer Boat and Shore Regiments

532nd: 68–70, 72, 78

533rd: 218, 221

534th: 463, 481, 487

542nd: 53, 54, 55, 56, 222, 222n, 294, 298, 299, 306, 311, 324, 325, 332, 387, 391

543rd: 434, 441–42

544th: 463, 487

593rd: 109, 218, 402n, 404n, 409, 410

Engineer Combat Battalions

6th: 260, 263, 268, 441

27th: 216, 219, 221, 404n, 409, 410, 411, 411n

116th: 70, 78, 221, 299, 316, 375

154th: 501, 565

306th: 503

Engineer Combat Groups

1112th: 393

Engineer Construction Battalions

43rd: 437–38, 439, 448

46th: 393

Engineer Construction Groups

1112th: 438

1178th: 393

Engineer General Service Regiments

96th: 437–38, 439, 448

Engineer Special Brigades

2nd: 222n, 411n

3rd: 286, 434

4th: 487

Engineers. See also Engineer units.

missions of: 47, 105, 299, 473–74

repairing airfield under enemy fire: 336, 340

shipping and landing construction equipment: 34–35, 39, 215, 285, 437–40, 484

Envelopment operations: 177–200, 235–36, 243, 259, 261

Escort carriers. See CVEs.

Etamin, AK: 109–10, 110n

Eubanks, Sgt. Ray E.: 420n

Expeditionary Troops: 465, 466, 468, 472

–F–

Fechteler, Rear Adm. William M.: 28, 80, 214, 214n, 284, 290, 297, 403, 403n, 404–05, 432, 440, 442. See also Naval task organizations, U.S., Task Force 77; Amphibious forces, VII.

Field Artillery units, Allied. See also Artillery, Field.

Battalions

1st: 75, 76, 263, 434, 441

11th: 76

51st: 263

52nd: 61

80th: 263

120th: 137, 152, 159

121st: 287, 296, 316, 317–18, 320, 322, 332, 339, 366, 369

126th: 110, 121

129th: 137, 152, 159, 161, 190

146th: 70, 288, 296, 304, 314–15, 316, 317–18, 322, 332, 388–89

147th: 237, 238, 239, 247, 252, 262, 402n, 409, 418, 419

148th: 133n, 135, 135n

149th:159, 169, 190

167th: 42, 110, 213, 221, 227, 255, 258, 261, 262, 369, 377

168th: 76

181st: 159

205th: 72, 77, 311, 314, 322, 323, 330, 332, 369, 382

218th: 72, 213, 221, 226, 239, 256, 262

316th: 502, 511

317th: 502

318th: 502

906th: 502

947th: 296, 314, 316, 322, 323, 332, 334, 369, 382

Groups

190th: 110

191st: 213, 213n, 221n, 224, 237, 254

Provisional Groupment: 220, 221, 224

Field Artillery units, Japanese. See Japanese Army units.

Fifth Air Force, U.S.: 23, 26, 49–50, 83, 130, 214, 215, 221, 224, 279, 284, 286, 287, 322, 353, 354, 375, 382, 393, 402, 403n, 404, 429, 430, 432, 440, 447, 464, 471, 494, 577

Advance Echelon: 26, 211, 284, 403n

Group, 8th Fighter: 341

organization: 15, 27

Squadron, 17th Reconnaissance: 67

Squadron, 110th Reconnaissance: 129

Wing, 54th Troop Carrier: 403, 415

Wing, 309th Bombardment(H): 402, 420

Fifth Fleet, U.S.: 20, 26, 28, 90, 91, 103, 223–24, 348, 349, 358, 359, 361–62, 494, 576

Fiji Islands: 85, 85n

Finschhafen: 35, 52, 109, 238, 406, 480

Five Brothers Ridge (Peleliu): 533, 553, 559, 561, 563–71

Five Sisters (Peleliu): 533, 534, 553, 553n, 566–71

Flame throwers: 410, 473. See also Landing Vehicle, Tracked (Flame thrower).

against caves: 268, 273, 274, 373, 375, 389, 563

reduction of pillboxes: 545

Flank security

strategic: 3, 4, 7, 11, 22, 85, 450, 492

tactical: 60, 73, 74, 103, 110–12, 117, 131, 170, 173, 188–90, 250, 268, 295, 317, 321, 322, 340, 369, 537

Flanking movement: 118, 197, 272–73, 326, 329, 533, 534

Floating dock: 395

Foein River: 235–36, 255

Formosa: 1, 12, 452, 453, 454, 455

Formosan laborers: 400, 422, 445n

Fort, Rear Adm. George H.: 466, 468, 495, 499, 549, 560

Fortifications, Japanese: 226, 230, 261, 265–66, 294, 301–02, 324, 328, 335, 381, 388, 389, 390, 501, 503, 505, 511, 539, 544, 545, 563. See also Cave warfare.

Fowler, Lt. Col. Robert M.: 190–99, passim.

Fujimura, Captain: 235, 236n

Fukabori, Maj. Gen. Yuki: 444

Fuller, Maj. Gen. Horace H.: 29, 33, 70, 73, 74, 284, 288, 291, 299, 306, 307, 312, 315, 320, 321, 322, 324, 329, 330, 340–45, passim, 357, 364, 386. See also Infantry divisions, U.S., 41st; PERSECUTION Task Force.

Fulmer, Capt. Talley D.: 117–20, 126

–G–

G-2. See Intelligence, Allied.

G-4. See Logistics.

Geelvink Bay area: 4, 6, 10, 11, 16, 26, 88, 89, 206, 207–08, 209, 214, 347, 349, 351, 397, 425, 429

Geiger, Maj. Gen. Roy S.: 466, 499, 535, 560, 560n. See also Marine units, Corps, III Amphibious.

General Headquarters, SWPA: 15, 280, 438, 451, 451n. See also MacArthur, General Douglas.

Genjem: 77, 101

Gila Peninsula (Morotai): 457, 475, 477, 482, 487, 488, 490

Gilbert Islands: 86, 88, 454

Gill, Maj. Gen. William H.: 114, 120, 121, 133, 134, 137, 159, 159n, 165, 174n, 179, 193, 199, 202, 202n. See also PERSECUTION Task Force, Covering Force, Reserve; Infantry divisions, U.S., 32nd.

Goodenough Island: 29, 35, 41, 42

Goto, Maj. Ushio: 462, 500, 506–07, 508, 516, 518, 524, 525, 529

Grenades. See Hand grenades.

Guadalcanal: 86, 466, 468, 474, 475, 496, 499

Guam: 163, 467

–H–

Hall, Maj. Gen. Charles P.: 134–40, passim, 145, 155, 158–59, 167, 169, 170, 173–74, 188, 190, 192, 202, 463, 479, 481, 488, 490. See also PERSECUTION Task Force; TRADEWIND Task Force; Corps, U.S. Army, XI.

Halmahera Island: 88, 91, 92, 93, 232, 233, 299, 350, 352, 358, 361, 440, 457, 459, 460, 461, 463, 490

air neutralization: 279, 444, 447, 455, 456, 482

blockade of: 489

decision not to seize: 451

strategic importance: 4, 10–11, 429, 450, 451

Halsey, Admiral William F.: 1, 464, 465, 468, 492, 560, 575, 575n. See also Third Fleet, U.S.

Hand grenades: 226, 257, 261, 273, 373, 385, 478, 571

Hand-to-hand combat: 257, 317, 373

Haney, Col. Harold: 307, 311, 312, 334

Hansa Bay area: 19, 29, 48, 87, 88, 91, 93, 97, 98, 99

strategic position: 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 13–14

Harech River: 122, 137–38, 139

Harusame: 355, 356

Hawaii: 437, 466, 468, 473, 474, 576

Herndon, Col. J. Prugh: 238, 242, 243, 244, 248, 250, 251–52, 260

Herrick, Capt. Gile A.: 122, 123

Herrick Force. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Hodge, Maj. Gen. John: 575

Hollandia Operation: 49–52, 53–83, 204n, 207–08, 209, 282, 284, 297, 300, 346, 347, 348, 353, 379, 395, 396, 412, 413, 415, 427, 428, 440, 441, 446, 447, 494. See also RECKLESS Task Force.

casualties: 101–02, 102n, 577, 578

Hollandia as a staging area: 210, 211, 276–77, 288–89, 312, 369, 416, 439, 480

Japanese use and defense of Hollandia: 91–92, 93–102, 235n

planning and preparation for: 13–49

strategic importance of: 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 206, 232

terrain and airfield development in Hollandia area: 16–18

troop strength, Allied: 29, 32

troop strength, Japanese: 29, 84

Hollekang: 70, 77

Hoover, Vice Adm. John H.: 467, 560, 566

Hoshino, Maj. Iwataro: 161, 162, 162n

Howe, Col. Merle H.: 116, 117, 120, 121, 126, 174n, 175, 202, 203

Howitzers

75-mm.: 161, 316, 559, 565, 565n, 566

105-mm.: 56, 61, 66, 70, 111, 137, 139, 159, 237, 247, 269, 286, 388, 389, 409, 418, 470, 472, 511, 519, 529

155-mm.: 133, 159, 262, 269, 389, 527, 529

Humboldt Bay: 16–17, 18, 42–47, 58, 59, 68–71, 77–80, 100, 104, 218, 219, 282, 284, 289, 290

Huon Peninsula: 32, 34, 89, 90, 93, 146, 576

Hurdis, Brig. Gen. Charles E.: 445

HURRICANE Task Force: 285–397, passim, 405

organization: 283–84

reserve: 284, 304

Hutchinson, Brig. Gen. Donald R.: 479

Hutchinson, Brig. Gen. Joseph C.: 159n, 160, 190n

Hydrographic information: 23, 27, 210, 286, 290, 291, 487, 499

–I–

Ibdi Pocket: 295, 296, 301, 312–16, 318, 319, 320, 327, 327n, 329, 330, 332, 342, 365n, 380, 381, 384–90, 391, 396, 459, 509, 518, 551

Ide, Col. Tokutaro: 150

Ikeda, Lt. Gen. Shunkichi: 444

Inada, Maj. Gen. Masazumi: 98–99, 100–101

Imperial General Headquarters: 86, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94, 96, 145, 348, 348n

decisions involving Biak: 346, 347, 349

decisions involving the Palaus: 91, 459, 460, 462

orders strategic withdrawals: 86, 87, 88, 232–33, 300

Infantry divisions, U.S.

6th: 31, 33, 209, 250, 251, 256, 258, 259, 260, 262, 263–76, 277, 279, 312, 400, 404–05, 409, 429, 431, 434, 436, 437, 443, 445, 448n, 463

24th: 29, 31, 32, 33, 39, 41–42, 43, 47, 51, 52, 53–83, 99, 209, 282, 369

25th: 276

31st: 132, 133, 159, 159n, 190n, 209, 276–77, 278, 279, 436, 450n, 463, 480, 481, 487, 488, 490

32nd: 31, 32, 33, 111, 114, 115, 121, 135, 136, 138, 159, 159n, 160, 202n, 209–10

33rd: 276, 277, 279

41st: 29, 30, 31, 33, 41, 42, 43, 47, 51–52, 68–81, 209–10, 211, 216, 238, 280, 282, 284, 286, 291, 336, 343–44, 364, 378, 379, 392, 396n, 545

43rd: 132, 133, 173, 174, 175, 189, 190n, 202, 202n, 203, 205n

77th: 466–67

81st: 390, 466, 468, 469, 470, 472, 473, 474, 475, 481, 496, 499, 502, 506, 507, 508, 509, 515, 529, 533, 535, 548n, 559, 559n, 560n, 561, 566, 572, 573, 575, 575n, 577n

93rd: 278, 449n

Infantry regiments, U.S.

1st: 260, 263–64, 267–68, 270, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 434, 440, 441, 442, 443, 445

19th: 48, 55, 62–64, 77, 101

20th: 262–64, 267–75, 277, 434, 436

21st: 48, 55, 59–68, 76–78

34th: 32, 33, 43, 74, 80, 369, 377, 378, 379, 380, 403–04, 412

63rd: 263, 275–76, 434, 441, 443, 444, 445

103rd: 160, 202–04

111th: 575

115th: 477

123rd: 277–79

124th: 136, 138, 158–59, 159n, 160, 162–69, 174, 174n, 175, 188–92, 196, 200, 203, 477, 483, 487, 488

126th: 115, 116, 121–22, 123, 126, 203n, 463, 477, 488

127th: 31–32, 105, 110, 112–13, 114, 115, 116–17, 123, 127, 135, 136, 140–41, 143–45, 156, 157–58, 159, 160, 165–66, 167–68, 169, 171–72, 174–85, 187, 202, 203

128th: 114–16, 126–27, 136, 137, 139, 140, 141–43, 144, 145, 153, 154, 155–56, 158, 159–61, 163–64, 175, 189, 190, 202, 203, 216, 284

155th: 483, 487

158th: 236–52, 253–62, 263, 279, 284, 400, 402, 402n, 403, 404, 404n, 408, 409, 411, 411n, 419, 420, 424n

162nd: 45, 68–71, 77, 78–79, 288, 291, 294, 296, 299, 303–41, passim, 344, 365–91, passim.

163rd: 30, 32, 33, 42, 103–08, 110–13, 114, 116, 212, 213, 216, 219–20, 222, 236–37, 238, 250, 253, 255–56, 258–60, 280, 284, 312, 315, 316, 317, 322, 328, 332, 341, 342, 365, 369, 372, 377, 378, 379, 381, 382, 384, 387–90, 391

167th: 277, 477, 483

169th: 160, 168–69, 174, 174n, 175, 187–92, 200–204

172nd: 203, 362

186th: 45–47, 68–81, passim, 284, 287, 288, 289–96, passim, 312–40, passim, 342, 344, 365–81, passim, 384, 386, 387, 391

219th: 398

321st: 469, 470, 474, 500–17, passim, 521, 530, 535–71, passim.

322nd: 469, 470, 474, 500, 502–35, passim.

323rd: 469, 470, 474, 521, 535, 553n, 559n, 560, 563n, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569–73, 575

503rd Parachute: 31, 402, 412–16, 419, 420, 420n, 421, 423n, 424n

Inoue, Lt. Gen. Sadae: 460, 461, 462, 518, 540, 541, 572. See also Palau Sector Group.

Insoemanai Island: 206, 213, 214, 220, 221, 224, 227, 231, 237, 237n

Intelligence, Allied: 18, 21, 22, 29, 31, 47, 48, 55, 70, 75, 113, 116, 117, 131–32, 133, 134, 137, 143–45, 157, 179, 182, 187–88, 207–09, 235, 235n, 237, 238, 244, 246–47, 256, 259–60, 266, 272, 285, 299, 320, 323, 337, 338, 345, 346, 351, 353, 354, 366, 378, 379, 398–400, 401, 411, 412, 419, 430, 432, 433, 451, 463, 483, 499, 513, 524, 536, 561, 569

gathering: 113, 117, 131–32, 133, 134, 137–45, 150, 150n, 163, 187–88, 334, 337, 411, 418, 462–63, 490, 524. See also Reconnaissance.

Intelligence estimates, Japanese: 50, 86, 88, 98, 147–152, 165, 182, 303, 353, 355, 356, 358, 359, 400, 462, 463

Irving, Maj. Gen. Frederick A.: 29–30, 33, 42, 42n, 48, 55, 57, 59, 60, 64, 65–67. See also Infantry divisions, U.S., 24th.

Irving, Maj. Robert L.: 220

Itou, Vice Adm.: 461n

–J–

Jangkena: 59–60, 62, 64, 65

Japanese Army air units

Air Army, 4th: 18, 87, 91, 92, 95, 97, 98, 100

Air Division, 6th: 18, 50, 86, 87, 92, 95, 98, 99, 101

Air Division, 7th: 87, 89

Japanese Army units: 94. See also Aitape Garrison Unit; Angaur Sector Unit; Biak Detachment; Central Sector Force; Coastal Attack Force; Left Sector Force; Matsuyama Force; Miyake Force; Nishihara Force; Noemfoor Detachment; Ozawa Force; Palau Sector Group; Peleliu Sector Unit; Right Flank Unit; Right Sector Force; Yoshino Force; Yuki Group.

Area Armies

Southern Area Army. See Southern Army.

2nd: 84n, 88–90, 95–98, 99, 146, 146n, 232–33, 300, 303, 327, 359, 362, 380, 444, 459, 461

8th: 86, 87, 88, 89, 90–91, 93, 97, 460

Armies

Southern Army: 87, 87n, 92, 99–100, 462

2nd: 88–89, 93, 99, 131, 145, 232, 234, 234n, 235, 444, 449

14th: 87, 93

16th: 87

17th: 86, 88, 91, 93

18th: 18, 22, 23, 31, 32, 48, 84n, 86, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 95, 97–99, 103, 113–134, passim, 137, 145–51, 152–176, 177–205, 233, 450n

19th: 87, 89, 89n, 93

31st: 90, 93, 462

Divisions

3rd: 88, 89

4th: 89n

5th: 93

14th: 91, 93, 390, 459, 460, 461, 461n, 541n

16th: 93

20th: 86, 93, 97–98, 113, 116, 131, 132, 133, 134, 137–38, 146–47, 148, 149–50, 150n, 154, 167, 169–70, 171, 172–73, 179, 182, 185, 186, 188, 197, 205

29th: 90

32nd: 92, 93, 232, 233, 459, 460

35th: 91, 92, 93, 232, 233, 350, 363, 443–44, 445, 449, 459, 460

36th: 88, 89, 93, 95–97, 100, 209, 232, 233–34, 234n, 236, 266, 274–75

38th: 93

41st: 86, 93, 97, 116, 132, 133, 137–38, 146–47, 148, 149, 150n, 168, 171, 185–86, 187, 188, 196, 197, 205

43rd: 90, 93

46th: 88, 89, 93

48th: 93

51st: 86, 93, 97–98, 235

52nd: 89, 93

Brigades

1st Amphibious: 461

1st Independent: 444

2nd Amphibious: 233, 350, 351, 352, 354, 357, 358, 359, 362, 449

53rd Independent Mixed: 461

Regiments

2nd Infantry: 461, 540, 572

8th Independent Engineers: 149, 185, 186, 196, 197

15th Infantry: 461, 498, 532, 540, 541, 545

20th Engineers: 186

26th Field Artillery: 121–22, 147, 150, 182, 186, 197

37th Independent Engineers: 186

41st Engineers: 185

41st Mountain Artillery: 149, 150, 168, 185, 186

59th Infantry: 461, 462, 540

66th Infantry: 98, 146, 147, 150, 168, 171, 172, 181, 182, 186, 196, 205

78th Infantry: 119, 121, 134, 150, 152–53, 165, 167, 169–70, 171, 172, 179, 187

79th Infantry: 150n, 173, 179

80th Infantry: 98, 121, 134, 150, 152–53, 171, 172, 179, 186, 187

115th Infantry: 86

219th Infantry: 91, 233, 355, 360, 361, 363, 379, 400, 420, 445

220th Infantry: 444

221st Infantry: 359, 360, 361, 363, 374

222nd Infantry: 89, 209, 232, 233, 234n, 285, 299, 300, 302–20, passim, 326, 327, 328, 333, 360, 361, 363, 374, 381, 384, 385, 387, 389, 390, 391, 400

223rd Infantry: 209, 233, 234–35, 236, 236n, 243, 259, 266, 273, 274, 276

224th Infantry: 99, 209, 233–34, 236, 242, 259, 266, 267, 268, 271, 272, 275

237th Infantry: 143, 149–50, 150n, 153, 154, 155, 161, 162–63, 164, 166–67, 168, 169, 171, 173, 181, 185, 186, 196

238th Infantry: 168, 185, 186, 187–88

239th Infantry: 166, 167, 168–69, 185, 186, 187–88, 192, 194, 196

Miscellaneous units

2nd Field Base Unit: 98

2nd Guerrilla Unit: 460

3rd Field Transportation Unit: 99

4th Engineer Group: 235

16th Field Airdrome Construction Unit: 234, 266, 276

17th Field Airdrome Construction Unit: 300, 381

51st Field Road Construction Unit: 234, 267

103rd Field Airdrome Construction Unit: 234, 266–67

107th Field Airdrome Construction Unit: 300

108th Field Airdrome Construction Unit: 300

346th Independent Infantry Battalion: 540

Japanese counterattacks: 85–87, 89–90, 93–98, 170–72, 186–87, 564–65. See also A-GO Operation.

Japanese counter-reconnaissance screen: 127, 137, 185

Japanese Imperial General Headquarters. See Imperial General Headquarters.

Japanese naval air units

1st Air Fleet: 348, 349, 361, 362

23rd Air Flotilla: 348, 349, 350, 352, 355, 358

61st Air Flotilla: 348, 348n

62nd Air Flotilla: 348, 350

Japanese naval forces. See also Central Pacific Fleet; Combined Fleet; Operation A; Southeast Area Fleet; Southwest Area Fleet; Japanese naval air units.

1st Task Force: 348, 348n, 349, 350, 351, 359, 361, 444

2nd Fleet: 348

3rd Fleet: 348

4th Expeditionary Fleet: 95

9th Fleet: 95, 98–99

19th Naval Guard Unit: 347

28th Naval Special Base Force: 300

Japanese strategic plans: 84–102. See also Strategy, Allied.

strategic defense lines: 86–92, 95–97, 233, 346

strategic objectives: 84–85

Jautefa Bay: 43, 45, 68, 70, 71, 289

Java: 421, 427

Joint Chiefs of Staff: 1, 4–6, 8, 9, 10, 11–12, 20, 23, 208, 426, 428, 429, 451, 453, 492, 575, 575n

Jones, Col. George M.: 416

–K–

Kaap de Goede Hoop (Cape of Good Hope): 355, 356, 432

Kakuta, Vice Adm. Katuji: 348

Kamilianlul Mt. (Peleliu): 539, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 547

Kantome: 59, 60, 61

Kapoam Villages: 111, 112

Kato, Lt. Col.: 234, 242, 243

Kavieng: 6, 8, 9, 11–12

Kawanaka Shima: 149–50, 156, 166, 168

Kawashima, Major Takenobu: 460

Kazegumo: 357

Kenney, Lt. Gen. George C.: 14, 15, 217, 401, 403n. See also Allied Air Forces, SWPA.

King, Admiral Ernest J.: 5, 11

Kinkaid, Vice Adm. Thomas C.: 14, 15, 27, 28. See also Allied Naval Forces, SWPA: Seventh Fleet, U.S.

Kitano, Lt. Gen. Kenzo: 88n

Kitazono, Maj. Gen. Toyozo: 99

Klamono oil fields: 426–28

Koejaboe: 73, 74, 82

KON Operation: 350–64, 398, 429, 444, 489

Allied naval strength in opposition to: 353

Japanese naval strength committed to: 353, 354, 355, 357, 358

naval engagement: 356

Kongauru Island: 545, 548–49, 559, 560

Korim Bay: 302, 327, 356, 360

Koronal Creek: 149–150, 156, 157, 158, 164, 167, 169

Kossol Roads: 453, 495, 550, 575, 575n

Krueger, Lt. Gen. Walter: 14, 15, 29–40, 111, 114, 132–34, 137, 138, 145, 158, 204, 204n, 210, 237–38, 250, 251, 263, 276, 277, 277n, 278, 283, 286, 312, 315, 322, 340, 341–44, 396, 401–02, 403, 412, 415, 416, 420, 423, 424n, 429, 430, 431, 432, 446, 463, 466, 480, 489, 573. See also ALAMO FORCE.

Kuzume, Col. Naoyuki: 300–303, 307, 315, 326, 327, 338, 360, 363, 365, 365n, 374, 380, 384, 390, 498

Kwamagnirk: 157, 169, 176, 176n, 181

–L–

Lae: 91, 154

Lake Aztec (Angaur): 504, 507, 510, 516, 517

Lake Salome (Angaur): 509, 517–27, passim.

Lake Sentani: 16–18, 21, 43, 48, 67–77, passim, 81, 100

Landing Craft, Infantry (LCI): 213, 284, 289, 290, 297, 404, 405, 406, 408, 409, 436, 441, 464, 484, 485, 496, 500

fire support by: 45, 47, 54, 68, 220, 224, 287, 295, 306, 311, 407, 471, 477, 483, 500, 519

Landing Craft, Mechanized (LCM): 38–39, 68–70, 123, 161, 213, 224, 311, 324, 405, 406, 409, 417, 419, 449, 484, 485, 487, 500

Landing Craft, Personnel, Ramp (LCPR): 68, 105, 286, 287, 291, 297, 477, 483

Landing Craft, Support (LCS): 54, 324, 325

Landing Craft, Tank (LCT): 38–39, 80, 273, 286, 289, 297, 311, 324, 387, 405, 406, 408, 409, 439–40, 446, 464, 484, 485, 487, 500

Landing Craft, Vehicle (LCV): 324, 325, 332

Landing Craft, Vehicle and Personnel (LCVP): 55, 68–70, 213, 284, 434, 440, 469, 474, 485, 500, 501

Landing Ship, Dock (LSD): 39, 464, 496

Landing Ship, Tank (LST): 37, 56, 57, 58, 72, 105, 109, 218, 228, 284, 286, 297, 392, 394, 404–05, 406, 409, 433, 436, 437, 440, 441, 442, 464, 473, 475, 496, 499

in landings: 79, 80, 297, 483, 484, 485

rehearsals for landings: 289

speed of: 496

Landing Vehicle, Tracked (Armored) (Amphibian tank) (LVTA): 273, 284, 329, 407, 408, 434, 441, 469, 474, 496, 497, 501, 544

Landing Vehicle, Tracked (Amphibian tractor) (LVT): 45, 55, 58, 71–72, 73, 74, 75, 76–77, 273, 284, 286, 287, 289, 290, 297, 311, 325, 329, 387, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 434, 441, 469, 472, 474, 483, 484, 497, 500, 542

Landing Vehicle, Tracked (Flame thrower): 539, 542, 555, 563, 571, 572

Landings. See Amphibious operations.

Left Flank Unit: 150

Left Sector Force: 236, 266, 276

Lewis, Maj. William F.: 190–99, passim.

Leyte: 424n, 492, 577n

Liaison aircraft. See Artillery liaison aircraft.

Lighterage. See Logistics, unloading.

Lighthouse Hill: 507, 516, 517, 519, 521

Liki Island: 212, 214, 231, 237, 237n

Lines of communication

strategic: 1, 3, 85

tactical: 60, 65, 155, 196, 233, 319, 322, 344

Lines of departure: 161, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 369, 518

Loading. See Logistics.

Lobaugh, Pvt. Donald R.: 173n

Logistics

air supply operations: 34, 67, 67n, 81–82, 128, 130, 169, 194, 403, 478

ammunition: 41–42, 66, 154, 324, 471

combat loading: 38, 174, 475

fuel supplies: 426–28

hand-carrying of supplies: 58, 62, 63, 64, 65–66, 67, 81, 126, 127–128, 148, 322, 324, 559n

Japanese supply operations: 18, 22, 29, 49, 86, 87, 88, 92, 99–100, 147–49, 233, 347, 397, 432, 460

land transportation problems: 61–67

loading operations: 38–40, 79, 174, 211, 289, 404–05, 409, 437, 442, 474–75, 481

planning for amphibious operations: 13, 34–38, 40, 78–79, 82, 211–12, 215–16, 283–85, 395, 404–05, 434–40, 446, 471–78, 480

rations: 34–35, 81, 148, 312, 404, 435, 472, 478

responsibilities, SWPA: 34, 61–70, 285, 363, 389, 396, 404, 437, 477

roller conveyors: 99, 126, 405

Services of Supply, SWPA, responsibility of: 14, 15, 32–35, 42, 83, 216, 285, 395, 396, 404, 427–28, 435, 437, 477–78

shipping and landing construction equipment: 34–35, 39, 215, 285, 437–40, 484–85

shipping problems: 21, 32, 35, 38, 61–67, 77, 437–40, 472

shortages of equipment and supply: 41–42, 61–62, 66–67, 79–80, 81, 101, 147–49, 186, 194, 195–96, 272, 319–20, 321, 322, 324, 337, 385, 394, 473, 477, 523

special problems in amphibious operations: 32–33, 77–82, 211–12, 218–19, 393–96, 437–38

staging areas: 13, 24, 32, 35, 41, 79, 83, 114, 133, 205n, 209, 210, 211, 216, 218, 276–77, 279, 289, 312, 369, 387, 400–401, 402, 405, 416, 434, 436, 439, 480–81

staging defined: 13n

units of fire: 34n, 285, 312, 323, 339, 396, 435–36, 472, 472n, 473, 478

unloading: 38–40, 210, 263, 286, 297–99, 395, 404–05, 409, 423, 442, 474, 477, 481, 484, 485, 490, 500–501

Lone Tree Hill: 232–276, passim.

Lowry, Capt. Leonard: 158–59, 159n, 165

Luzon: 366n, 424n, 448n, 453, 454, 455, 460, 573–75

Lyman, Col. Charles B.: 60–61, 63–64, 65, 66, 67

–M–

MacArthur, General Douglas: 1–12, 14, 15, 20–21, 23, 27, 31, 32, 84, 88, 132, 133, 205, 206–11, passim, 250, 277, 286, 340–43, passim, 397, 400, 401, 423, 425–30, 439, 446, 450–52, 456, 463, 488. See also General Headquarters, SWPA.

McCain, Vice Adm. John S.: 464

Machine guns and machine gun fire:–

Allied: 54, 61, 118, 119, 123, 140, 152, 230, 243, 245, 257, 272, 303, 339, 373, 508, 517

Japanese: 121–22, 147–48, 222, 226, 227–28, 239, 242, 246, 247–48, 249, 267, 366, 367, 368, 381, 418, 529, 542

MacNider, Brig. Gen. Hanford: 424n

Madang: 9, 48, 90, 91, 93, 97, 98

Maffin Bay area: 237, 238, 239–42, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248–49, 252, 256, 259, 260, 264, 267, 272, 276–79, passim, 436–40, passim, 442, 445, 446, 480–81

Malaria. See Medical problems.

Malaya: 1, 85

Manado: 95, 98, 232, 327, 482. See also Celebes Islands.

Mandom: 291, 295, 311–16, passim, 390

Manila: 232, 351, 456

Manokwari: 206, 359–60, 397, 398n, 432, 440, 443

air neutralization of Japanese strength: 425, 440, 444

as Japanese base: 88, 93, 233, 346, 363, 444, 449, 460

Manokwari Garrison: 444

Mapia Islands: 356, 357, 360, 450n, 481

Maps. See Reconnaissance.

Mar: 432–33, 443, 445, 447. See also Sansapor–Mar Operation.

Mariana Islands: 347, 349, 361–62, 450, 453, 455, 462, 467, 468

air strikes against Japanese: 358, 454–55

Allied Air Forces, SWPA, support of CPA Marianas Operation: 208, 211, 217, 231, 279, 288, 341, 393, 494

Japanese strategic withdrawals: 86, 87–88

Japanese troop dispositions: 90, 91, 348, 348n, 349, 358

strategic importance: 6, 7, 9–10, 11, 85, 349

Marine units: 465. See also Expeditionary Troops.

Air Group, II Marine: 564–65

Corps, III Amphibious: 466, 468–72, 496, 498, 499, 500, 502, 515, 530, 534, 534n, 535, 540, 549, 559–60, 560n

Division, 1st Marine: 31, 390, 466, 468–69, 472–73, 474, 474n, 475, 495–96, 497, 498, 502, 532, 533, 534, 534n, 535, 540, 548, 549, 553n, 559–60, 561, 565n, 573, 577n

Regiment, 1st Marine: 496, 498, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 536n, 540, 549–50, 556

Regiment, 5th Marine: 466, 469, 496, 497, 498, 532, 534, 539, 540, 541, 542–546, 548, 549, 555, 556, 556n, 558, 558n, 559, 560n, 560–61, 562

Regiment, 7th Marine: 469, 496, 497, 498, 532, 533, 534, 536, 537, 538, 540, 541–42, 545–46, 547, 549, 555, 556, 559, 560, 560n, 561, 565n

Regiment, 11th Marine: 468, 532, 534, 549–50, 565, 565n

Marshall Islands: 89–90, 351, 358, 454–55

strategic importance: 1, 3–4, 6, 8, 9, 85

Martin, Brig. Gen. Clarence A.: 115, 121, 135, 136, 137, 138–39, 143n, 145, 154, 155–56, 158–59, 160, 175, 189. See also Infantry divisions, 31st Infantry Division, 32nd Infantry Division; PERSECUTION Task Force, Covering Force, East Sector.

Marubian: 117–20, 131, 166, 204

Mason, Col. Francis W.: 105, 111

Matsumoto, Col. Matsujiro: 150

Matsuoka, Maj. Yasake: 243, 266

Matsuyama, Col. Soemon: 100, 234, 266, 270, 271, 276

Matsuyama Force: 100, 234, 235, 235n, 236, 255–56, 259, 262

Medical problems, Allied

antityphus measures: 445–46, 490

casualties from disease: 392, 445–46, 490

heat exhaustion: 248, 573

nonbattle injuries on Peleliu: 573

Medical problems, Japanese

casualties from disease: 101, 102n, 186, 195, 278, 350, 361

shortage of malaria preventives: 148

starvation: 101, 102n, 186, 195, 278

Medical units

6th Medical Battalion: 263

12th Portable Surgical Hospital: 573, 586

92nd Evacuation Hospital: 728

Middle Village: 511, 512

Middleburg Island: 432–34, 439, 441, 446

Midway, Battle of: 85

Miller, Col. Alexander M., III: 135

Milne Bay: 31, 263, 312

Minami, Col.: 383–84

Mindanao: 349, 351–52, 393, 425, 429, 450, 455, 456, 460, 492

Japanese strength: 88, 348, 455

in Pacific strategy: 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11, 429, 450, 452, 452n, 453, 454, 478, 491–92

Mine sweepers: 27, 58n, 214, 495

Mines, Japanese

antitank mines: 510

land mines: 45, 215, 330, 411, 417, 461, 495–96, 510, 517–18, 536

submarine mines: 49, 215, 461, 495, 500

Mios Woendi Island: 206, 280, 340–41, 346, 357, 396, 404

Mitscher, Vice Adm. Marc A.: 24, 27, 28, 466. See also Naval task organizations, U.S., Task Force, 38, 58.

Miyake, Maj. Gen. Sadahiko: 150, 150n, 171. See also Japanese Army units, Divisions, 20th; Miyake Force.

Miyake Force: 171–73, 179, 181, 182, 185

Mokmer: 282–83, 285, 296, 300–301, 304, 306, 310, 312, 313, 315, 316, 320, 330, 378–79, 380, 382, 383

Morale factor, Japanese: 146, 148

Morotai Operation: 277, 279, 352, 423, 447, 475–93, 494, 497, 575n, 576, 578

casualties during: 490, 577–78

landing on Morotai: 480–88

securing and developing Morotai: 488–93

strategic and tactical planning for: 450–78, passim

troop strength in: 460–61, 463

Morotai Strait: 457, 475

Mortars: 213, 330, 335, 382, 527–29

against Japanese infantry attacks: 119, 374, 418

coordination of, with infantry units: 119, 243, 247, 268, 310, 327, 418

effectiveness against Japanese fortifications: 330

emplacement of: 140, 417–18, 563n

expenditure of shells: 382

Japanese: 122, 302–03, 310, 330, 418, 501

movement of: 66

use of smoke shells: 526, 529

60-mm.: 42, 118, 119, 140, 243, 328, 373–74, 389, 529

81-mm.: 42, 118, 119, 120, 140, 239, 247, 249, 269, 327, 335, 388, 389, 417, 529, 563

4.2-inch: 66, 268, 285, 368, 382, 388–89, 418, 470, 519, 529, 563

Mortimer Valley (Peleliu): 533, 553–69, passim

Mt. Saksin: 244–51, passim, 259, 262, 267, 275, 276

Mountbatten, Admiral Lord Louis: 344

Mueller, Maj. Gen. Paul J.: 465, 466, 475, 504, 505, 509, 511, 513, 515, 518, 530, 535, 566. See also Infantry divisions, U.S., 81st.

Munkres, Maj. Garlyn: 220

Murahori, 1st Lt. Toshishige: 540n

Murai, Maj. Gen. Kenjiro: 461n, 572

Musashi: 358

Myers, Brig. Gen. Donald J.: 277, 277n

–N–

Nadzab: 130, 208

Nakagawa, Col. Kunio: 461, 461n, 498, 532, 540, 572

Nara, Col. Masahiko: 149, 154, 164, 166

Natives: 49, 131, 391–92, 421, 490, 529

Naval battle: See A-GO Operation; KON Operation.

Naval Construction Battalions (CBs): 341, 393

Naval gunfire support. See also Amphibious operations.

coordination with infantry: 245, 247, 306, 307, 386

tactical surprise: 433

Naval losses, Japanese: 87. See also KON Operation.

Naval strength

Allied: 353, 464, 471

Japanese: 351, 358

Naval task organizations, U.S.

Angaur Attack Group: 465, 466, 471, 499

Attack Force (Hollandia–Aitape): 27, 30–31, 52

Attack Force (Morotai): 464, 482

Attack Force (Noemfoor): 403, 403n, 404, 406, 407

Attack Force (Sansapor–Mar): 425, 436, 440

Attack Force (Wakde–Sarmi–Biak): 214, 215, 284, 296

Central Attack Group (Hollandia): 27, 28, 31, 52, 80

Eastern Attack Force (Yap–Ulithi): 466

Eastern Attack Group (Aitape): 27, 28, 30–31, 52, 103, 105

Eastern Attack Group (Wakde–Sarmi): 214, 216, 218

Forward Area Central Pacific: 465, 467, 566

Joint Expeditionary Force (Palaus): 464, 465, 466, 468, 560n

Peleliu Attack Group: 465, 466, 471

Task Force 30: 464, 465, 466, 482

Task Force 31. See Naval task organizations, U.S., Joint Expeditionary Force (Palaus).

Task Force 32. See Naval task organizations, U.S., Western Attack Force (Palaus).

Task Force 38: 465, 466, 495

Task Force 57. See Naval task organizations, U.S., Forward Area Central Pacific

Task Force 58: 20, 22–23, 24–26, 27, 28, 43, 47, 49, 50–51, 53, 61, 68, 72, 103

Task Force 73: 15, 403

Task Force 74: 28, 403, 403n, 407

Task Force 75: 28, 403n

Task Force 77: 27, 28, 103, 403, 403n, 406, 434, 464

Task Force 78: 24, 104n, 434, 440, 464

Task Group 38.1: 464

Task Group 38.4: 495

Western Attack Force (Palaus): 464–67, 468, 495, 496, 549, 560, 560n

Western Attack Group (Hollandia): 27, 28, 31, 52

Western Pacific Task Forces: 464, 465

Neal, Capt. George C.: 542

Neal Task Force: 542, 554, 555

Nefaar: 74, 75, 76, 82

Netherlands East Indies: 1, 3, 7–8, 16, 18, 20, 49–50, 85, 86, 87, 88, 92, 95, 206, 393, 426, 427, 460

Netherlands Forces Intelligence Service: 391

Netherlands Indies Civil Administration (NICA) 391, 421, 443, 477, 490

New Britain: 1, 31, 34, 86, 87, 89, 133, 248

New Caledonia: 85, 85n, 575n

New Guinea Force: 32

New Zealand: 133, 174

Newman, Col. Oliver P.: 72–76, 291, 319–24, 334, 366, 372, 377, 378

Ngarekeukl: 536

Ngesebus Island: 453, 459, 473, 534, 544, 546, 547, 548, 549, 559, 560

Nigia River: 108, 110, 112, 116, 127, 135, 147, 148, 150, 161, 164

Nimitz, Admiral Chester W.: 1–12, 20, 23, 26, 208, 211, 217, 451–52, 453, 454, 455, 465, 491, 492

Niroemoar Island: 212, 214, 231, 237, 237n

Nishihara Force: 360, 361, 363, 379

Niumen Creek: 127, 137, 143–45, 185, 188–95, 197

Noble, Capt. Albert G., USN: 30–31, 103, 104n, 214, 218, 221

Noemfoor Detachment: 411, 419, 420, 421

Noemfoor Island Operation: 206, 262, 279, 346, 359, 360, 397–424, 429, 440, 444, 447, 451, 457

air attacks on Noemfoor Island: 215, 233, 279

approach and bombardment during: 406–07

casualties in: 420–21, 577–78

decision to seize Noemfoor Island: 397

important results of occupation: 425, 425n

landing and securing beachhead: 407–12

logistics and tactics: 404–06

occupation of Noemfoor Island: 416–20

organization of the forces in: 400–404

paratrooper drop during: 412–16

troop strength, Allied in: 402, 411

troop strength, Japanese in: 398, 400, 411

Numata, Lt. Gen. Takazo: 98, 303, 326, 327

North Force. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Nyaparake: 112, 116, 118, 120–21

Nyaparake Force. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

–O–

Obata, Maj. Gen. Hideyoshi: 90

Observation

posts: 265, 270, 332, 335, 381

visibility: 53, 119, 126, 154, 209, 334, 388, 389, 406–07, 483, 496, 558, 569

Oil. See Klamono oil fields.

Onizuka, Capt. Tetsuo: 95

Operation A. See A-GO Operation.

Opiaref: 302, 313–14, 316, 317, 327n, 380

Oro Bay: 40, 439

Outposts: 60, 76, 108, 111, 114–16, 117, 118, 119, 120, 262, 302, 346, 377, 384, 488

Owi: 206, 280, 341, 352, 353, 393, 396, 401, 445

Ozawa, Vice Adm. Jisaburo: 348

Ozawa Force: 359, 360, 363

–P–

P-38’s: 23, 341, 355, 407, 447

P-39’s: 388

P-40’s: 23, 108, 117, 129, 388

P-47’s: 217, 269

Paidado Islands: 280, 340, 341

Palau Islands Operation: 26–27, 49, 208, 217, 279, 346, 347, 352, 358, 390, 393, 450–79, 576, 576n. See also Ulithi Atoll; Yap Island.

casualties in: 573, 577, 578

Japanese deployment in the Palaus: 87, 88, 90, 91, 232, 233, 348, 361

Peleliu and Anguar operations: 494–514, 515–31, 532–50, 551–72

results of: 573–75

troop dispositions, Japanese: 459–60, 461

troop strength, Allied in: 472

troop strength, Japanese in: 461, 462, 540, 561, 569

Palau Sector Group: 91, 460, 461, 462, 572

Palauru: 117, 127–28, 135, 170, 173, 174, 187, 202

Pallet-loading. See Logistics, loading operations.

Pancake Hill: 43, 68, 70–71, 72

Parachute infantry units. See Infantry regiments, U.S.

Parai: 281, 296, 301, 304, 306, 310, 311, 312, 319, 329, 330, 331, 386, 390

Parai Defile: 295, 296, 301, 304, 311, 313, 316, 324, 329, 331, 342, 385, 386, 387

Paratroops. See Airborne operations.

Patrick, Brig. Gen. Edwin D.: 238, 245, 250–52, 256–262, passim, 402, 403, 406, 411, 412, 416. See also CYCLONE Task Force; TORNADO Task Force.

Patrol activity, Allied. See also Reconnaissance.

Biak Operation: 313, 332, 338, 365, 381, 388, 389

Hollandia–Aitape Operation: 49, 61, 64, 65, 72–73, 74, 76–77, 105, 111, 112–13, 117, 120–21, 126, 127, 137–38, 143–44, 157, 169–71, 174, 202–04

Morotai Island Operation: 488

Noemfoor Island Operation: 419, 420

Palau Island Operation: 516–17, 529, 536, 537–38, 539

Sansapor–Mar Operation: 443, 444, 445

Wakde–Sarami Operation: 243, 248, 256–57, 267–68

Patrol activity, Japanese: 120, 121, 194, 237

Paup Villages: 149–50, 161, 162–64, 166, 168

PB4Y’s: 26–27, 217, 217n, 279, 352, 352n

PCs (Patrol Vessels, Submarine chaser): 443

Pearl Harbor: 7, 452

Peleliu. See Palau Islands Operation.

Peleliu Sector Unit: 461, 532, 540

PERSECUTION Task Force: 42, 103, 113–16, 120, 126, 127, 129, 131–134, 202n

Center Sector: 116, 134

Covering Force: 134–138, 143, 145, 150, 152–166, passim, 169, 170, 171, 173, 174n, 175, 176, 176n, 179, 185, 189, 196, 199, 202, 203

East Sector: 114, 115, 116–120, 121, 127–130, 136, 159n

Eastern Defense Area: 135n, 136

Eastern Defense Command: 135, 136

Eastern Sector: 134, 160, 175, 189, 203

Herrick Force: 115, 122–23

North Force: 159, 162, 163–64, 166n, 167, 168. 170, 175, 189, 190n, 202, 203

Nyaparake Force: 112, 117–21, passim.

organized: 30

reorganization and redispositions of: 114–16, 134–37

Reserve: 32, 160, 175, 189, 202n

South Force: 159–61, 159n, 164–66, 166n, 168, 169–88, passim, 192, 196, 200–202

Tadji Defense Perimeter and Covering Force: 202, 203

TED Force: 189, 190–202, passim.

West Sector: 114, 115, 116, 134, 136

Western Defense Command: 115, 135n

Western Sector: 114, 134, 135, 159, 159n, 160, 175, 189, 203

Persons, Maj. Gen. John C.: 277, 277n, 463, 487. See also Infantry divisions, U.S., 31st; TORNADO Task Force; TRADEWIND Task Force, Assault Force.

Phase lines

Biak Island Operation: 332, 334, 335

Hollandia–Aitape Operation: 43, 59

Palaus Operation: 470, 503, 504, 505, 508, 509, 510, 517, 519, 524, 536, 537, 538, 539, 547, 554, 555, 556, 559

Philippines: 1, 16, 20, 83, 85, 86–87, 88, 88n, 90–91, 92, 93, 204, 205, 206, 208, 228, 231, 232, 233, 278, 279, 350, 351, 396, 396n, 398, 447, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 460, 462, 482, 491, 492, 493, 494, 530, 560n, 573, 575

Philippine Sea, Battle of: 671. See also A-GO Operation.

Photography. See Reconnaissance, Air reconnaissance and photography.

Pillboxes. See Fortifications, Japanese.

Pim: 43, 45, 70–72, 73–74, 77, 78, 80, 82

Pitoe Bay: 457, 487, 490

Ponape: 90, 454

Port Moresby: 85, 85n

Prisoners, interrogation of. See Intelligence, Allied.

Privett, Col. Forbie H.: 440, 445

Propaganda: 49, 524

Provisional Groupment. See Field Artillery units, Allied.

PTs (Patrol Vessels, Motor Torpedo Boats): 49, 117, 128–29, 148; 341, 346, 400, 433, 443, 451, 460, 489

–R–

Rabaul: 89, 205n

as Japanese base: 18, 86, 87–88, 90, 91, 348

strategic importance: 1, 4, 6–7, 11–12

Radar: 219, 290, 297, 440

Allied stations: 212, 443, 488

Japanese: 50, 488

Radar Hill (Peleliu): 543, 545, 546, 547

Radio: 61, 128, 143, 191

communications difficulties: 59–60, 123, 128, 128n, 166, 169, 194–95

intercepts: 133, 134, 137, 150n, 352

radio intelligence teams: 131

Ramu River: 48, 146, 147

Rankin, Lt. Col. Walter R.: 220n

Rations. See Logistics.

RECKLESS Task Force: 33, 40–41, 77–78, 81, 105, 278, 343. See also Eichelberger, Lt. Gen. Robert L.; Hollandia Operation.

logistics problems: 77–83

organization: 29–30, 32

Reconnaissance: 55, 182, 323, 400, 455. See also Patrol activity, Allied.

air observation: 113, 513

air reconnaissance and photography: 18, 24, 26, 27, 55–56, 103, 211, 256, 282–83, 285, 320, 351, 352, 352n, 353, 355, 357, 358, 412, 430, 432, 469, 494–95

in force: 9, 137–45, 155, 185, 186, 276

Japanese: 133, 152

maps: 181, 182, 191, 248, 295

by PTs: 49, 400

by submarines: 27, 49, 351, 352, 430

terrain: 49, 341, 429–430, 432, 433, 483, 524

Reefs. See Terrain, problem of reefs.

Reeves, Rear Adm. John W.: 467, 566

Reinforcements, Allied: 133, 315, 343, 411–12

replacement problems: 388, 388n

Reinforcements, Japanese: 18, 87, 232, 345, 346, 350, 351, 363, 364, 541

Right Flank Unit: 150, 153, 171

Right Sector Force: 234, 235, 236, 242, 243, 244, 248, 252, 262, 266, 274–75, 276

Roadblocks: 45, 158, 183, 385

Roads and trails

condition: 47, 58, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 78, 267, 318

construction and repair: 47–48, 56, 58, 62, 67, 78, 82, 110, 221, 317, 318, 319, 320, 524, 527, 563, 572

Japanese: 398

use by vehicular traffic: 47, 58, 62, 67, 221, 267, 317, 318, 527, 572

Rockets and rocket fire: 54, 68, 123, 214, 290, 407, 471

Rocky Point, Anguar: 503, 505, 507, 508, 510, 512

Rocky Point, Wakde–Sarmi: 265–74, passim.

Roller conveyors: 56, 72, 405

Royal Australian Air Force: 14, 15, 26, 49–50, 384, 464

Royal Australian Air Force units

No. 5 Mobile Works Squadron: 422

No. 10 Operational Group: 129, 130, 402

No. 62 Airfield Construction Wing: 410n

No. 62 Works Wing: 31, 108, 402, 410, 410n, 423

No. 71 Wing: 129–30, 133

No. 78 Wing: 23, 108, 117, 129

Royal Netherlands East Indies Air Force: 26

Rupertus, Maj. Gen. William H.: 466, 496, 497 498, 499, 534, 535, 536, 539, 543, 547, 556, 566, 572. See also Marine units, 1st Marine Division.

Saidor: 32, 114, 209

Saito, Captain: 234, 242, 266

Sandbags: 559, 564, 566, 567, 568, 569, 571

Sandlin, Col. Earle O.: 252, 258, 259

Sansapor–Mar Operation: 431–49

airfield construction: 446–48

casualties: 445, 577, 578

planning: 430–440

tactical operations: 440–45

Sarangani Bay: 452, 453, 456

Sarmi–Wakde–Biak Plan: 280. See also Wakde–Sarmi Operation; Biak Island Operation.

SCs. See Submarine chasers.

Schouten Islands: 206, 300. See also Biak Island Operation.

Senda, Rear Adm. Sadatoshi: 300

Sepik River: 48, 97, 98, 146, 147, 150n

Services of Supply. See Logistics.

Seventh Air Force, U.S.: 577

Seventh Fleet, U.S.: 15, 28, 83, 217n, 279, 315, 326, 341, 352, 357, 360, 398, 403, 403n, 482, 490. See also Allied Naval Forces, SWPA.

Shimizu, Colonel: 400, 411, 420

Shipping. See Logistics.

Ship-to-shore communications: 306–07, 311. See also Amphibious operations.

Ship-to-shore operations. See Amphibious operations.

Shropshire, HMAS: 53

Sibert, Maj. Gen. Franklin C.: 263–64, 275, 276, 434, 436, 439, 440, 442, 445, 446. See also TORNADO Task Force; TYPHOON Task Force.

Sixth Army, U.S.: 15, 83, 396n. See also ALAMO Force.

Slave labor, Japanese: 334, 393, 400, 411, 419, 421. See also Formosan laborers.

Smith, Maj. Gen. Julian C.: 465, 466, 468. See also Palau Islands Operation.

Smoke: 54, 290

screens: 500, 501, 558

shells: 382, 526, 529, 544

Snaky River (Wakde–Sarmi): 244–51, passim, 261, 265, 267, 271, 273–74, 275–76

Sneeuwjagt, 1st Lt. C. J.: 277

Soepiori Island: 206, 511, 727, 735n. See also Biak Island Operation.

Solomon Islands: 1, 27, 32, 85–86, 85n, 88, 89, 90, 93, 496, 560

Sorong: 233, 300, 341, 349, 350, 354, 355, 357, 358, 360, 363, 425, 430, 432, 440, 443, 444, 449, 460. See also Sansapor–Mar Operation.

Sorong–Waigeo area: 425, 428–30

South Force. See Aitape Operation.

Southeast Area Fleet: 95, 96

Southwest Area Fleet: 95, 96, 363

Southwest Pacific Area: 32, 88, 89, 205, 208, 286, 288, 289, 343, 346, 348, 352n, 362, 380, 393, 395, 437, 450, 452, 453, 454, 455, 463, 464, 471, 483

theater organization: 14–16

Sprague, Rear Adm. Thomas L.: 464

Staging. See Logistics.

Stark, Brig. Gen. Alexander N., Jr.: 134, 135n, 136, 159n, 160, 190n

Starr, Col. Edward M.: 136, 160, 163–64, 166, 175, 189, 190, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 203

Stevens, Maj. Gen. J. E. S.: 205n

Stowage. See Logistics, loading operations.

Strafing. See Air attacks.

Strategic air support. See also Air attacks; Air plans; Close air support.

carrier-based: 8, 12, 359, 455–56, 492, 494, 495

land-based: 24–27, 48, 49–51, 208, 284, 407, 440, 494

Strategy, Allied: 1–12, 206–08, 450–56. See also Japanese strategic plans.

Street, Maj. Gen. St. Clair: 403

Strength of forces. See Troop strength.

Submarine chasers (SC): 105, 214, 287, 297

Submarines, Allied: 27, 49, 89, 91, 232, 233, 347, 351, 352, 357, 430

Submarines, Japanese: 100, 148

Supply operations. See Logistics.

Sutherland, Lt. Gen. Richard K.: 9, 10, 11

Tables of Equipment and Basic Allowances: 41

Tactical surprise: 285, 290, 433, 440, 456, 482

Tactical withdrawals, Allied: 111, 122–23, 156–58, 184, 250–52, 311, 523, 526, 558

Tactical withdrawals, Japanese: 259–60

Tagami, Lt. Gen. Hachiro: 233, 233n, 234, 235, 244, 255, 259

Commanding General, Yuki Group: 233–34, 234n

Commanding General, 36th Division: 233

Takari Hills: 58, 60, 63, 65–66

Takji Defense Perimeter and Covering Force. See Aitape Operation.

Takeichi Convoy: 232–33

Talaud Islands: 352, 354, 452, 452n, 453, 455, 456, 478, 492

Tanahmerah Bay: 16–17, 47–48, 53–58, 68, 77, 80, 99, 104, 218–19, 282. See also Hollandia Operation.

Tank battalions

1st (Marine): 31, 56, 58, 58n, 549, 556

710th (Army): 502, 510, 512, 513, 515, 519, 527, 556, 558, 558n, 563, 565

Tank Destroyer Battalion, 641st: 66, 402n, 418

Tanks, Allied

against field artillery weapons: 324, 512

against fortifications: 226–27, 230, 261, 324

battle: 310

bridge-crossing attempt: 246

in cave warfare: 372, 373, 383, 563, 571

cover evacuations: 273

destroyed or damaged by Japanese: 522, 558, 565

fire from LCTs: 387

Japanese antitank fire turns tank force back: 558

in landing operations: 56, 58, 224, 324, 387, 501

in perimeter defense: 58, 58n

in support of infantry: 227, 228, 230, 239, 242, 248, 288, 295, 307, 311, 317, 368, 385, 509, 513, 516, 519, 521, 522, 539, 542, 545, 555

and terrain: 269, 274, 510, 516, 518, 521

use of white phosphorous shells: 555

Tanks, Japanese: 306, 310, 339

Task forces. See Naval task organizations, U.S.

Tasman: 446

Tawitawi: 349, 351, 359

TED Force. See Aitape Operation.

Telephone: 269

messages tapped: 128, 128n

sound-powered: 119, 143, 172

wires cut by Japanese: 128

wire parties: 165–66

Terauchi, General Count Hisaichi: 93

Terrain, description

Aitape area: 22, 98, 103, 112, 126, 128, 139, 158, 161, 194, 195

Anguar: 503–04, 509, 510, 513, 516, 517, 519, 521, 524, 525, 526

Biak Island: 280, 281, 282, 295, 300–301, 304, 305, 313, 334, 388

Hollandia area: 16–17, 42, 43, 47, 55–56, 72, 78

Morotai Island: 483

Noemfoor Island: 417

Peleliu Island: 542, 543, 551–53

Sansapor–Mar area: 432, 433, 442, 446, 447

Wakde–Sarmi area: 219, 222, 244, 264–65, 267, 269

Terrain, problem of reefs: 47, 55, 57–58, 80, 220, 222, 283, 286, 329, 398, 405, 408, 409, 423, 459, 483–87, 497, 498

Teshima, Lt. Gen. Fusataro: 88–89, 232

Third Fleet, U.S.: 464–66, 482, 492, 560, 575, 576

Thirteenth Air Force, U.S.: 14, 24, 284, 403, 423n, 434, 464, 494, 577

XIII Air Task Force: 24, 214, 433, 446

XIII Fighter Command: 434

Timor Island: 50, 87

Tirfoam River (Wakde–Sarmi): 238–44, 246, 251–53, 261–64, 266, 267, 271, 273

Toem–Arare area: 212–13, 216, 219n, 220, 221, 235, 236, 237, 243, 248, 250, 256, 258, 259, 260, 263–64, 279, 436. See also Wakde–Sarmi Operation.

Toganae, Capt. Yoshio: 235

Tor River: 213, 219, 219n, 220, 235–39, passim, 244–45, 251–67, passim, 276

TORNADO Task Force: 212–13, 213n, 215, 216, 218, 219, 219n, 220–21, 230, 231, 235, 236–38, 243–45, 253–60, 263, 263n, 266, 275–77, 277n, 278, 289, 300, 402, 434. See also Wakde–Sarmi Operation.

Torricelli Mountains: 22, 112, 117, 122, 126, 132, 167–68, 170, 180, 192. See also Aitape Operation.

TRADEWIND Task Force: 463, 477, 478, 480, 489, 490. See also Morotai Operation.

Assault Force: 463, 487

Reserve: 463, 477

Trails. See Roads and trails.

Troop dispositions, Allied. See under individual operations.

Troop dispositions, Japanese. See also under individual operations.

Halmahera Island: 459–61

Pacific: 85–86, 87, 88–89, 90–92

Southwest Pacific Area: 16

West New Guinea: 444–45

Troop strength, Allied. See also under individual operations.

U.S. Army in Southwest Pacific Area: 16

Troop strength, Japanese. See also under individual operations.

armies in the Pacific: 93

Halmahera: 460

Manokwari: 444

Southwest Pacific Area: 16

Truk: 6–12, 90, 348, 452–53, 454–55

TYPHOON Task Force: 434, 436, 437, 438, 441, 443, 444, 445, 445n, 446, 447. See also Sansapor–Mar Operation.

–U–

Ulithi Atoll: 49, 455, 456

casualties: 577, 578

planning: 10, 11, 452–53, 492

operations: 466, 468, 535, 568, 575, 575n

Umurbrogal: 550, 551–59, 560, 561, 564, 566, 568–69, 571. See also Palau Islands Operation.

Underwater Demolition Teams (UDTs): 495–96

Units of fire: 35, 215–16. See also Ammunition; Logistics.

Unloading. See Logistics.

–V–

Visibility. See Observation.

Vogelkop Peninsula: 24, 50, 91, 206, 208, 214, 215, 277, 279, 355, 398n, 423, 450, 482. See also Klamono oil fields; Sansapor–Mar Operation.

airfields on: 425–49

as Japanese strongpoint: 88–89, 233, 340, 350

plans and preparations to secure bases: 263, 276, 397, 400, 407

strategic position: 3, 5, 6, 7, 10–11

Volcano Islands: 90, 455

–W–

Waigeo Island: 354, 425, 429, 430. See also Sansapor–Mar Operation.

Wakde Island. See Wakde–Sarmi Operation.

Wakde–Sarmi Operation: 206–79, 280, 284, 285, 287, 289, 300, 312, 348, 349, 388n, 429, 434, 443, 463

air strikes against Wakde–Sarmi area: 20, 24, 26

Allied ground operations: 206–31, passim, 237–79

Allied air operations from Wakde airfields: 279, 284, 296, 318, 341, 346, 348, 352, 353, 354

Allied planning and staging: 21, 32, 114, 207–14, 237–38

casualties: 278–79, 577, 578

Japanese plans: 20, 91–92, 95–97, 99, 232–36

staging base in Wakde–Sarmi area: 387, 400–401, 402, 405, 406, 434, 436, 481

troop dispositions and strength, Allied: 215, 237–38, 253–56, 258, 277–78

troop dispositions and strength, Japanese: 209, 222, 234–35, 256, 259–60, 266–67, 278–79

Wake Island: 85, 86

Walt Ridge (Peleliu): 553, 556, 560, 563, 565, 567, 569. See also Palau Islands Operation.

Watson, Col. Arthur P.: 568–69, 572

Wattie Ridge (Peleliu): 539, 542, 543, 553, 554, 555, 558. See also Palau Islands Operation.

Weapons. See also entries for various types of weapons.

Japanese: 148, 195, 222, 262

replacement problem: 174

West Caves: 301, 302, 307, 323, 326–27, 334, 336–40, 344, 360, 363, 365–75, 377, 380, 381. See also Biak Island Operation.

West Sector. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Western Defense Command. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Western Pacific Task Forces. See Naval task organizations, U.S.

Western Sector. See PERSECUTION Task Force.

Wewak: 16, 18, 32, 112, 113, 131

air attacks against: 50

capture by Allies: 205

as Japanese base: 31, 48, 86, 87, 90, 91–92, 95, 97, 98, 99, 103, 121, 129, 132, 146, 147, 148, 450n

and strategic considerations: 4, 9, 12, 13

Wildcat Bowl (Peleliu): 553, 558, 566, 567, 571, 572. See also Palau Islands Operation.

Whitehead, Maj. Gen. Ennis C.: 26, 403, 403n, 432

Wilkinson, Rear Adm. Theodore S.: 464, 465, 466, 468, 471, 560n

Williams, Lt. Col. George D.: 190, 192, 194–99

Williamson, Col. George M.: 213

Wilson, Lt. Col. Ernest H.: 522–23, 524

Wing, Maj. Leonard A.: 175, 189, 203, 220, 222, 227–28, 231

Wing, Maj. Gen. Leonard F.: 202, 202n, 205n

Woleai Island: 10–11, 12, 49, 90, 217, 454, 455

Woske River: 234, 245, 249, 260–61, 274–76. See also Wakde–Sarmi Operation.

–X–

X-ray River: 127, 134–35, 137, 139, 143, 156–58, 164–65, 169, 170, 174. See also Aitape Operation.

–Y–

Yakamul: 112, 117, 120–23, 139, 146–47, 196. See also Aitape Operation.

Yamada, General Shigeru: 266

Yamaguchi, Maj. Gen. Takeo: 90–91, 460, 461

Yamato: 358

Yap Island: 91, 452, 460, 575

air attacks against: 49, 454–55, 456

plans for seizure: 452–53, 466, 468, 492, 575n

Yoshino, Col. Naoyasu: 234, 235, 266

Yuki Group: 234–35, 236, 236n, 243, 244, 248, 266. See also Wakde–Sarmi Operation.

–Z–

Zamboanga: 351, 354, 357, 456