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Code Names

ABC-1 The agreements resulting from the Anglo-American military staff conversations held in Washington in January-March 1941
ANVIL Plan for the Allied invasion of southern France, finally executed as Operation DRAGOON in August 1944
ARCADIA First of the major U.S.-British staff conferences following U.S. entry into the war, held in Washington in December 1941 January 1942
BEAVER A training exercise held in the Slapton Sands area in England in March 1944, employing elements of the VII Corps and simulating the later assault on UTAH Beach
BOLERO The build-up of U.S. troops and supplies in the United Kingdom in preparation for the cross-Channel invasion
BOMBARDONS Cruciform structures designed for mooring off the Normandy beaches to provide floating breakwaters in deep water
CHASTITY Plan for the construction of an artificial harbor in the Quiberon Bay area on the southern coast of Brittany
COBRA The operation launched by First U.S. Army on 25 July 1944 designed to break out of the Normandy lodgment
DRAGOON See ANVIL
DUCK I, II, and III First in the series of training exercises held in the Slapton Sands area in England to test all aspects of an amphibious operation, including mounting, assault, and logistic support. The DUCK exercises involved mainly elements of the V Corps and were held in January and February 1944
FOX Last of the major training exercises conducted by V Corps, held in March 1944
FABIUS I-VI A series of final rehearsals for the cross-Channel operation, involving the U.S. V Corps and British forces, carried out in April and May 1944
GOOSEBERRIES Partial breakwaters formed off the Normandy beaches by the sinking of blockships known as CORNCOBS
GREENLIGHT One of the special OVERLORD supply procedures designed to expedite the delivery of ammunition and engineer fortification material in lieu of scheduled shipment of other supplies in the first phases of the cross-Channel operation.
HARLEQUIN A British mounting exercise held in September 1943 to establish marshaling and embarkation procedures for a cross-Channel operation
LUCKY STRIKE A plan calling for an eastward drive and the capture of the Seine ports as an alternative to plans for the earlier capture of Brittany, considered by planning staffs in May and June 1944
MAGNET The plan that superseded RAINBOW-5 after U.S. entry into the war, providing for the shipment of American forces to Northern Ireland
MULBERRIES The artificial harbors constructed off the Normandy beaches
NEPTUNE Code word for the cross-Channel operation, naming the specific assault area and target date, and for which a special security procedure known as BIGOT was developed
OVERLORD Code word which came to be applied to the general concept of a cross-Channel invasion in 1944
PHOENIXES Concrete caissons towed across the English Channel and sunk to form the main breakwaters for the artificial harbors
QUADRANT The first Quebec Conference, August 1943
RAINBOW-5 A U.S. military plan of action designed to implement that portion of ABC-1 which applied to the United Kingdom in the event of U.S. entry into the war
RHUMBA Plan for reversing BOLERO and transferring U.S. forces, supplies, and logistic structure from the United Kingdom to the Continent
ROUNDUP The name by which plans for cross-Channel invasion were known until the summer of 1943
SEXTANT The Cairo Conference of November 1943
SICKLE The name which in 1943 was given to the U.S. air force build-up in the United Kingdom to distinguish it from the ground and service force build-up, known as BOLERO
SLEDGEHAMMER Plan for a limited-objective attack across the Channel in 1942
TIGER The final rehearsal for the UTAH Beach assault by units of the VII Corps
TOMBOLA A flexible 6-inch underwater pipeline designed to discharge POL tankers anchored offshore at Ste. Honorine-des-Pertes
TORCH The Allied invasion operation in North Africa, November 1942
TRIDENT The Washington Conference of May 1943
WHALE Flexible steel roadway, made up of bridge spans and resting on pontons, forming the piers for the artificial harbors

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