Index
–A–
A-20's: 393
Abbeville: 12
Administrative branch of COSSAC: 51-52
Aegean Sea: 119
Aerial photographs: 177, 215, 259
Africa. See North Africa.
Air attacks: 21, 261n, 333, 334, 335, 360, 365. See also
Air forces; Air support; Air-ground co-operation;
Allied Expeditionary Air Force; Bomber Command, IX; Combined Bomber Offensive; Eighth
Air Force; Ninth Air Force; Royal Air Force.
on Cherbourg: 428-29
on coastal fortifications: 300-01, 302
on enemy troops: 348, 360, 373
on railroads: 365, 378-79, 408-11
Air build-up schedule: June 1942, 19-21
Air Forces, Allied. See Allied Expeditionary Air Force.
Air Forces, British. See Royal Air Force.
Air Forces, German. See Luftwaffe.
Air Forces, U. S. See also Eighth Air Force; Ninth Air Force; Twelfth Air Force; Fifteenth Air Force.
begins air build-up: 19-21
and bombing of French railroads: 217-30
Combined Bomber Offensive: 207-17
command problems: 111-112, 218, 219-20
establishment of USSAFE (USSTAF): 213
intensification of air war against Germany in spring
of 1943: 86
TORCH interferes with build-up: 47
Air-ground cooperation: 217, 428, 432
Air offensive, Allied: 45, 75-76, 86. See also Allied Expeditionary Air Force: Combined Bomber Offensive.
Air OP's: 197
Air supply: 421n
and French Resistance: 201-04, 207
Air Support Command: 214
Air supremacy
as factor in choice of assault area: 56
as factor in the D-Day decision: 272
Airborne assault
first contact with seaborne forces: 283
initial German reaction to: 278, 293-300
size of forces in: 279
Airborne Brigade, 2nd: 402n
Airborne division: 356n
in Outline OVERLORD: 75
proposed reorganization: 184, 184n
Airborne Division, 82nd; 158n, 164, 184, 280-282, 300, 302, 329, 356n, 364, 396, 402n, 415, 416, 447n
airborne assault; 289-93, 289n
in attack to cut the Peninsula: 401, 402, 403, 408
effort to secure beachhead: 342, 344, 345
Airborne Division, 101st
airborne assault: 278-89
assault training: 164
drive on Carentan: 352-65
Airborne planning: 183-86
Airborne supply. See Air supply.
Airborne troops, Allied use considered a new tactic by Germans: 396n
Airborne troops, German. See Parachute Divisions, German.
Aircraft
in air build-up schedule of June 1942: 20-21
in antisubmarine warfare: 84
controversy over theater priority: 34-35
pilotless: 138-40, 215-17, 412, 413
Aircraft industry, German, bomber offensive against: 209-10
Airfields
construction: 448
role in Outline OVERLORD: 78
Albania: 122
d'Albiac, Air Vice Marshal Sir John Henry: 54, 54n
Alexander, Field Marshal Harold R.: 87, 111, 116, 169, 172, 173
Algiers: 87n
Allen, Lt. Col. Ray C.: 356
Allen, Major Richard J.: 287, 287n
Allied Expeditionary Air Force: 108, 111, 112, 213, 215, 217, 218, 219, 220, 222, 223, 224, 334, 408-11. See also Air Forces, British; Air Forces, U. S.
Allied Force Headquarters: 46
Allied Naval Expeditionary Force (ANCXF) : 160-62
Amaye-sur-Orne: 444
Ambush, by Germans: 364
Amfreville: 291-92, 396, 398, 401
Amiens: 373
Amphibious Force, Atlantic Fleet: 160n
Amphibious tactics: 54-55, 164, 188-89, 190-93
Amy: 382
Ancon: 301
Andaman Islands: 126
Andrews, Lt. Gen. Frank M.: 46, 53
Angers: 378n
Anglo-American military conferences of 1941: 2
Anglo-American military co-operation, early groundwork laid for: 1-6
Angoville-au-Plain: 287, 288, 347
Anguerny: 373
ANCXF (Allied Naval Expeditionary Force): 160-62
Anisy: 373
Antiaircraft battalion, German: 240
Antiairlanding obstacles: 263-64, 287. See also Gliders.
Antipersonnel mines: 264
Antisubmarine warfare. See Submarine, German.
Antitank battalion, German organization: 240
Antitank obstacles: 420
ANVIL, 76n, 92n, 126, 127, 164-73, 173n. See also France, Southern.
APA's (transports) : 170
ARCADIA Conference: 8-9, 10, 15, 21n, 32n, 106
Argentan: 181
Armed Forces Commander Netherlands (Wehrmachtbefehlshaber Niederlande) 130, 242
Armed Forces High Command (OKW): 133, 133n
Armée Secrete, l': 199-200
Armies, Allied
Second British. See British units.
Eighth British: 78n, 86-87, 158-60
First U. S. See First U. S. Army.
Fifth U. S.: 169
Seventh U. S.: 86
Armies, German. See German units.
Armies, Italian. See Italian Fourth Army.
Armor, versus naval artillery: 153, 446. See also Tanks.
Armored Divisions
1st: 19
3rd: 444
5th: 269
Armored Field Artillery Battalions
14th: 365
58th: 313
Armored Infantry Battalions
3rd, 41st Armored Infantry: 361, 365
2nd, 66th Armored Infantry: 365
Armored reconnaissance battalion, German: 240
Army branch of COSSAC: 51
Arnold, Lt. Gen. Henry H.: 3, 19-20, 34, 44
biographical sketch: 19n
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 208, 210, 211
and controversy over bombing of French railroads: 221
plan for the establishment of an airhead in the Evreux-Dreux area: 185
on struggle for air supremacy: 211
Arras: 12
Arromanches-les-Bains: 72
Artificial ports: 73, 166, 272n, 422-23, 423-26, 426n
Artillery, Allied: 356, 375, 376, 388, 390, 392, 402, 431
D-Day losses on Omaha: 309-13
experiments in firing from landing craft: 197
interdiction: 406
preparation: 302, 356, 361, 382, 383, 390, 416, 441
Artillery, German: 176-77, 236-37, 238-39, 240, 241, 280n, 297, 342, 387, 470
Asnelles-sur-Mer: 331
Assault area, analysis of conditions essential for: 56
Assault divisions, structural changes: 191-92
Assault exercises: 162-64, 269-70
Assault forces
organization and tactics: 190-93
training: 162-64
Assault Training Center: 162-64, 191, 270
Atlantic convoy system: 84
Atlantic Wall: 41, 136, 147, 151, 152, 155, 264-65. See also Antilanding obstacles; Beach obstacles; Obstacles, underwater.
construction of secondary defenses: 156
Hitler demands 15,000 concrete strong points for: 137
Hitler orders completion of by 1 May 1943: 137
propaganda value: 140
Rommel's construction program: 252-53
rumors of impregnability: 176
status of in May 1944: 262-64
supplies for construction curtailed by Allied air
attacks: 227
work begun on: 132
Attacks
limited-objective: 348, 373, 377, 380-82
Audouville-la-Hubert: 280, 282, 304, 344
Augusta: 305
Aure River: 73, 187n, 337, 339, 353, 367-68, 369, 375
Auxiliaries, German (Hilfswillige) : 145
Avranches: 188, 349, 371, 374, 383
Azeville: 341, 342, 386, 390-92
"B" message: 205-06
–B–
B-24's: 301
Bacherer, Oberst Rudolph: 416
Badoglio, Marshal Pietro: 87
Baldwin: 322n
Balkans: 9, 35, 37, 41, 121, 122n, 125, 144, 202, 231-32
Ballard, Lt. Col. Robert A.: 288
Ball-bearing plants: 211n
Baltic: 179
Bancs du Grand Vey: 182
Bandieuville: 290
Barber, Brig. Gen. Harry A.: 392
Barfleur: 440
Barges: 60n
Barker, Gen. Ray W.: 22, 31, 32, 52, 55, 56, 60, 77, 91n, 94, 106n, 110-11, 166
Barneville-sur-Mer: 415
Barquette, la: 280, 286-87, 288, 347, 357
Barre de Semilly, la: 377
Barton, Maj. Gen. Raymond O: 302, 302n, 342, 390-92, 393, 418. See also Infantry Division, 4th.
Barton: 322
Bas Village de Dodainville: 341, 390
Basse Addeville: 287
Bassin a Flot: 361-64
Battalion, Füsilier: 237
Battalions. See Antitank Battalions; Armored Field Artillery Battalions; Armored Infantry Battalions; Chemical Battalions; Engineer Battalions; Engineer Combat Battalions; Field Artillery Battalions; Glider Infantry Battalions; Infantry Battalions; Parachute Field Artillery Battalions; Parachute Infantry Battalions; Ranger Battalions; Tank Battalions.
Battalions, German. See German units.
Batterie Hamburg: 440
Batterie Marcouf: 341n
Bay of Biscay: 179, 208, 232, 233
Bay field: 301
Bazenville: 330
BCRA (Bureau Central de Renseignements et d'Action): 198-99, 200, 205
Beach defenses. See also Beach obstacles; Underwater obstacles.
as factor in choice of assault area: 56
plan for neutralizing: 194
Beach drenching: 301-02, 313, 319
Beach exits: 283, 309, 321, 324, 336
Beach obstacles: 177, 192-93, 263-64, 315-17, 336. See also Underwater obstacles.
Beaches
confusion on: 327
cratering of: 196n
terrain: 308-09
Beachheads, effort to secure: 336-51
Beauvais: 289
Begue: French radio operator, 201
Belgium, 12
Bt nouville: 332
Beny-Bocage, le: 370
Berchtesgaden: 445-46,
Berlin, raids on: 214
Beuzeville-au-Plain: 281, 289, 329, 341
Beuzeville-la-Bastille:: 289, 401-02
Bicycles, used by Germans: 239, 254, 334, 338, 367. 379n
Bidault, Georges: 199
Bieville: 332
Bingham, Maj. Sidney V., Jr.: 318, 318n
Biniville: 406
Birmingham: 160n
Bissom, le: 341
Blaskowitz, Generaloberst Johannes: 248, 248n
Blay: 340
Blotrie, la: 381
Blumentritt, Generalleutnant Guenther: 128n, 136, 142, 156
Bocage country: 180, 188, 284, 365
Boehm, Col.: 382-83
Bois du Bretel: 381
Bois de la Brique: 417
Bois de Calette: 367
Bois du Homme: 370
Bois de Nerest: 419
BOLERO: 19, 24, 25-26, 27, 28, 33, 34, 35, 42, 45, 47, 48, 48n, 94, 102
attacked by Churchill: 26
confusion in early use as a code name: 19n
Gen. Marshall argues for: 26
purpose of: 19
Roosevelt's attitude toward: 23, 24
Stimson's defense of: 25-26
BOLERO Combined Committees: 19
Bomber Command, IX: 219-20, 222, 223, 301, 428
Bomber losses: 212n
Bomber offensive. See Combined Bomber Offensive.
Bombers
heavy: 19, 86, 196, 217, 219, 300
Bombing. See Air attacks; Combined Bomber Offensive; Daylight bombing; Night bombing.
of French railroads: 217-30
in effectiveness in neutralizing coastal fortifications: 301
of U-boat pens and bases: 212n
Bordeaux: 81
Bottomley: Air Vice Marshal N. H.: 209n
Bourdonnerie: 422
Bourne, Lt. Col. G. K.: 5n
Bradley, Lt. Gen. Omar N.: 111, 158, 305, 320, 329, 350, 351, 352, 360, 364-65, 376-77, 403, 416, 428, 432, 443, 447
named commander of First U. S. Army: 114-15
Branville: 419
Brauchitsch, von, Generalfeldmarschall Walther: 131n
Brecey: 371
Brecy: 331
Brereton: Lt. Gen. Lewis H., 108, 214, 214n
Brest: 301
Bretteville l'Orgueilleuse: 330
Bricquebec: 420
Bricqueville: 367
Bridges
Allied air attacks on: 228-30, 230n, 349
captured by Germans: 416
improvised: 367
shortage of equipment: 81
British agents, and French Resistance:200-01. See
also Special Operations Executive.
British air force. See Royal Air Force.
British Air Ministry: 209, 210
British airborne forces: 348
British Army, high command for invasion formed: 52-53. See also British units.
British Bomber Command: 86
British Chiefs of Staff: 2, 13, 16, 18, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 30, 32, 33, 35, 37, 42, 43, 44, 48, 48n, 49, 58, 58n, 59, 65, 68, 68n, 72, 79, 80, 90
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January–March 1944: 168, 169, 171, 172
attitude toward operations in 1942: 16-18
and the Cairo-Tehran Conferences: 117, 122
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 213
concept of Mediterranean operations, May 1943: 68
differ with American Chiefs of Staff in approach
to the problem of defeating Germany: 9-11
favor principle of a "defensive encircling line of
action": 32
and French Resistance: 202
Joint Staff Commission responsible to: 2
and landing craft procurement program: 100, 102, 103
liaison between military and political leaders: 90-91
opposed to SLEDGEHAMMER: 30
and organization of COSSAC: 48-51
problem of air force command: 220, 222
and questions of OVERLORD command: 107-09
reaction to Marshall's scheme for invasion in 1943: 18
reject SKYSCRAPER: 58-59
urge peripheral strategy for the defeat of Germany: 36-37
British Combined Operations Headquarters: 177, 197
British Fleet. See British Navy.
British Fleet Air Arm: 197
British Home Forces: 5
British Joint Planners: 5, 6, 12
British Ministry of Economic Warfare: 210
British Navy: 52, 53, 129, 193-94
British Royal Air Force. See Royal Air Force.
British units
Army, Second: 53, 114, 165, 174, 183n, 320, 374, 443, 445, 447
Army Group, 15th: 169
Army Group, 21: 53, 101, 110, 111, 114, 115, 116, 158, 174, 224, 228
Brigade, 8th Armoured: 320
Brigade, 56th Infantry: 339
Brigade, 6th Special Engineer: 315
Commando, 47th Royal Marine: 320, 339
Corps, 8: 444
Division, 3rd: 332
Division, 30th: 376
Division, 50th: 221, 222, 332, 338, 339, 375
Division, 6th Airborne: 185, 332
Division, 7th Armoured: 374, 375, 445
Division, 79th Armoured: 320
British shipbuilding industry: 102
British War Cabinet: 90-91
Britteville-sur-Laize: 444
Brixham: 272
Bronay: 348
Brooke, Gen. Sir Alan: 4, 17, 17n, 25, 38-40, 43-45, 48, 68, 96n, 113, 171-72, 221
argues for Mediterranean operations: 40-41
attitude toward OVERLORD: 96, 97, 98, 99
Browning, Lt. Gen. F. A. M.: 207
Brownjohn, Maj. Gen. N. C. D.: 52
Brucheville: 260
BUCCANEER: 126
Buelowius, Generalleutnant Alfred: 266-67
Buhot: 321
Bulldozers: 317
"Bunker paralysis,": 430
Bureau Central de Renseignements et d'Action (BCRA) : 198-99, 200, 205
Burma Road: 126
Buteaux, les: 382
Buttlar-Brandenfels, von, Generalmajor Horst Freiherr Treusch: 264
–C–
Cabourg: 165
Caen: 67n, 74, 75, 76, 78, 182, 183, 184, 188, 257, 278, 300, 332, 333, 339, 348-49, 350, 371, 373, 374, 375, 408, 428, 443, 444, 445, 446-48
as assault area: 56, 57, 71, 72, 73
decision to make main assault in vicinity of: 72-73
terrain: 180-81
Cairo Conference: 112, 113, 113n, 126-27, 166, 213
attitude of British toward OVERLORD prior to: 122
preliminary policy discussions: 120-122
Cambrai: 137
Camouflage: 261n, 270, 322, 380
Canadian Chief of Naval Staff: 84
Canadian Division, 3rd: 332, 339, 348n, 444
Canchy: 367
Canham, Col. Charles D. W.: 318, 324, 324n, 326-27, 340-41, 381-82
Cap de Carteret: 260
Cap de la Hague: 260, 301, 419, 420, 434, 438, 440
Cap Levy: 438
Carentan: 103, 187, 188, 278, 279, 280, 286, 288, 290, 291, 293, 298, 347, 352, 371, 376, 377, 378n, 408, 415
Carentan causeway: 356, 357-59
Carillon, le: 383
Carmick: 322n
"Carpet" bombing: 428
Carpiquet: 349
Carrefour, le: 367
Carrier pigeon: 319n
Carriers: 84
Carteret: 387
Casablanca Conference: 38-45, 46, 47-49, 63, 83, 107n, 109, 112-13, 116, 120, 164, 207-08, 211
Casemating of coastal batteries: 262
Cassidy, Lt. Col. Patrick J.: 281-82
Casualties, Allied: 283, 290, 304, 324, 329, 359, 368, 376, 378, 383, 388, 398, 401
artillery: 388, 398, 402, 430, 432
D-Day: 284, 284n, 288, 300, 300n, 313, 325n, 330, 330n
Dieppe raid: 55
drowning: 313
friendly fire: 400
glider landings: 329
landing operations: 313, 315-17, 318-19
machine gun fire: 313, 315, 324, 380, 387, 432
mortar fire: 345, 387, 398, 402, 432
82nd Airborne Division: 300, 300n, 329
101st Airborne Division: 284n, 286, 288
2nd Division: 376
Casualties, German: 142-43, 142n, 281, 282, 283, 289, 330, 331, 334, 339n, 344, 347, 348, 365, 367, 373-74, 378, 396, 416, 431, 434, 436
Caumont: 370, 371, 373, 374, 377, 380, 446
Caumont Gap: 366-77
Cavalry Group, 4th: 416, 438, 440
Cavalry Squadrons
Chaney, Maj. Gen. James E.: 1, 2, 22
Channel Islands: 23, 79, 131, 137, 242n
Chartres: 78
Château de Fontenay: 392
Chateaudun: 78
"Chattanooga Day": 230
Chef-du-Pont: 289, 291, 292, 398, 400, 401
Chemical Battalion, 81st: 317
Cherbourg: 21, 23, 56, 57, 73, 78, 81, 181, 182, 187-88, 187n, 259, 260, 263, 279, 289-90, 291, 297, 301, 345, 349, 350, 374, 376, 377, 421n, 426n, 447n
capture: 386-449
field fortifications: 420
port capacity increased: 442n
reconstruction of port begun: 441-42
Rommel's plans for defense of: 413
Cherbourg Landfront: 388, 420-21
Chevres, les: 429
Chiang Kai-shek, Generalissimo: 43
Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander. See
COSSAC.
Churchill, Winston: 4, 6, 11, 12, 16, 18-19, 18n, 21-22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 31n, 35, 38, 40, 41, 44, 45, 48, 61, 64, 68, 69, 91n, 95, 96n, 119, 160, 173n
ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January-March 1944: 168, 172
and bombing of French railroads: 223
on choice of a supreme commander: 44
concept of ROUNDUP: 23
favors GYMNAST at London conference of 20 July 1942: 28-29
and French Resistance: 203
interest in eastern Mediterranean: 119-20
and landing craft requirements: 61, 64
on need of guiding and controlling subordinate
commanders: 109
pleads for "elasticity" in OVERLORD in order to expedite Mediterranean operations: 122
and problem of air force command: 219-20
proposed attack on the "underbelly" or Axis: 35
questions feasibility of SLEDGEHAMMER: 28-29
role as military leader: 90-92
suggests appointment of Marshall to command
OVERLORD: 113
suggests that OVERLORD plan he enlarged: 99
suggests planning for operation in Norway: 98
suggests supplying French guerillas by air: 99
suggests use of floating piers: 22
at Tehran Conference: 122-26
upset by Dodecanese defeat: 122
urges Mediterranean operations at the Casablanca Conference: 40, 41-42
wants assault increased to four divisions: 102
Civilians: 156, 202, 222-23, 228, 410
Clark, Gen. Mark: 111
Close-support craft: 67. See also Support craft.
Coastal batteries: 131, 176-77, 194, 261n
Allied air force assigned mission of neutralizing: 194-96
casemating of: 262
estimated force required to silence: 193
neutralization plan: 193-97, 308
Coastal defense, German theory of: 326
Coastal defense works, German, four classes of: 309n
Coastal position, typical: 324
Code messages: 205-06
Cole, Lt. Col. Robert G.: 280-81, 359, 359n
Colleville: 180n, 182, 309, 313, 315, 318, 324, 325, 326, 328, 329, 330, 334, 337
Colleville-sur-Mer: 72
Collins, Maj. Gen. J. Lawton: 301, 344, 344n, 392, 401, 403, 404, 406, 415, 416, 417, 426-28, 433, 443. See
also Corps, VII.
Colombieres: 367
Combat efficiency, German troops: 420-21, 448
Combat fatigue: 383
Combat planes, short range of: 208n
Combined Bomber Offensive: 180, 207-30, 265. See
also Allied Expeditionary Air Force; Air Offensive, Allied.
Combined Chiefs of Staff: 2, 25, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 42, 44-45, 47-49, 64, 67, 69, 70, 71, 74, 75, 80, 83, 84, 165n, 188, 209n, 274
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January-March 1944: 164-65, 166, 167, 169
British Joint Planners and Combined Staff Planners responsible to: 5
and the Cairo-Tehran Conferences: 117, 119, 125
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 207, 209, 212
and landing craft procurement program: 101, 104
operations in Mediterranean to be subject to approval by: 70
and organization of COSSAC: 47-49
and Outline OVERLORD: 74
and problem of control of strategic air forces: 219-20
and proposed operations against Italy: 87, 93, 98
at the Quebec Conference: 94-95, 98-99, 100
and questions of OVERLORD command: 106, 107-09, 111, 112, 113-14
Combined Commanders: 22, 23, 31, 47, 48, 57, 58, 59
development of new planning staff in accordance
with decisions at Casablanca Conference: 47-51
directed to study SLEDGEHAMMER: 12
estimate of size of assault: 59
formation of: 6
Gen. Morgan chief staff officer to: 48
and organization of COSSAC: 47-51
point out difficulties inherent in SLEDGEHAMMER. 12-13
produce SKYSCRAPER plan: 57
report on possibility of invasion of the Pas-de-Calais, April 1942: 13
Combined Operations Headquarters: 5, 162
Combined Planning Staff: 5n, 19, 33, 126
Command
American versus British views of: 108-10
principle of unity of: 106n
problems caused by officer casualties: 319
Commando, defined: 57n
Commandos: 54, 56, 73, 135, 136, 171, 320, 322n, 339
Committee of Operations Analysts: 208-09
Commune, la: 366
Communette, la: 366
Communication
destruction of equipment during landings on
letter by courier: 365
Communications bunker, behind American lines: 429
Communications, German: 297-98, 368
"Composite Group Headquarters": 54
Concentric attacks: 293-97, 360-64
Concrete emplacements, ineffectiveness of naval fire
against: 193
Congress, Marshall's relationship with: 113
Coningham, Air Marshal Sir Arthur: 54n
Conseil National de la Resistance, le: 199
Convoy system, reorganized: 84
Cooke, Rear Adm. Charles M., Jr.: 65, 169
Corlett, Maj. Gen. Charles H.: 377, 377n, 379, 381. See also Corps, XIX.
Cormolain: 377
"Corncobs" (Blockships) : 272n
Corps, II: 114
Corps, V: 19, 53, 70, 187-88, 196, 286, 305-08, 320. See also Gerow, Maj. Gen. Leonard T.
junction with VII Corps: 351-65
lodgment, 7–18 June: 336-84
Corps, VI: 169
Corps, VII: 66, 158, 182, 187-88, 188n, 269, 302, 336, 336n, 341, 342, 347, 350, 365, 366, 376. See also Collins, Maj. Gen. J. Lawton
airborne assault: 278-300
and capture of Cherbourg: 386-449
and D -Day beachhead: 328-30
junction with V corps: 351-65
landing on UTAH Beach: 302-04, 328
Corps, XV: 447
Corps, XIX: 188, 366, 376, 377, 379. See also Corlett, Maj. Gen. Charles H.
Corps, British. See British units.
Corps, German. See German units.
COSSAC (Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander) : 51-54, 52n, 57, 58, 58n, 63, 66, 69, 72n, 107n
Gen. Morgan's appointment as: 48-51
increasing responsibilities: 52
and landing craft requirements: 66-67
organization and powers: 51-52
plans: 70-82
Cota, Brig. Gen. Norman D.: 318, 324, 324n, 337, 364
Coteaux du Perche: 78
Cotentin Peninsula: 103, 165, 166, 177, 182, 185, 186, 187, 259, 260, 264
assault on ruled out: 72
cutting of: 396-408
terrain: 180
Cottot: 403
Coulombs: 331
Counterattack
expected by Americans on D-plus-3: 372
German doctrine of: 153-54
measures taken as insurance against: 367
Courseulles: 72, 180n, 332, 348
Couville: 417
Creek, Capt. Roy E.: 292-93
Cresserons: 332
Crisbecq: 341, 342, 386, 390-92
Crocker, Lt. Gen. J. T.: 189
Croix Rouge, la: 380
Crossroads 114: 429
Crossroads 177: 429
Cunningham, Admiral Sir Andrew B.: 4n, 168, 168n
–D–
D Day
forecasting weather for: 73
selection of: 188-90
Daladier, Edouard: 137
Dangueville: 392
Dartmouth: 272
Davison, Capt. R. E.: 5n
Daylight bombing, controversy over: 208, 209
De Guingand, Maj. Gen. Sir Francis: 160
Deane, Maj. Gen. John Russell: 121-22, 121n
Defense, coastal, initial effectiveness: 326
Defense, German: 383-84
aided by hedgerows: 326
disagreement over doctrine of defense in depth: 151-56
effect of airborne drops: 396
effectiveness of scattered resistance by small
groups: 326
field fortifications: 386, 420
lack of freedom of maneuver: 351
policy of maintaining intact defense: 351
positions prepared in depth: 375-76
unable to concentrate forces against airborne landings: 282, 298-300
DeFranzo, S/Sgt. Arthur F.: 368n
De Gaulle, Gen. Charles: 198-200
Delestrain, Gen.: 200
Demolitions: 304, 315-17, 390, 436, 442n
De Rohan, Col. Frederick J.: 403, 404, 419
Destroyer Flotilla, 8th: 301
Destroyers, Allied: 261n
Destroyers, German: 261n
Devers, Lt. Gen. Jacob L.: 53, 53n, 101, 106, 109, 114, 115
Deville: 364
Dewing, Maj. Gen. R. H.: 4n
Dieppe raid: 53, 54-55, 136, 137, 152, 183, 190-91, 193, 262, 327n
Dijon: 79
Dill, Field Marshal Sir John: 4, 4n, 25, 31n, 48n
Directive No. 40: 133-35, 459-63
Directive No. 51: 148, 151, 152, 154, 231, 233, 234, 257, 464-67
Distinguished Service Cross: 281n, 290n, 293n, 317, 318n, 320n, 322n, 324n, 347n, 369n, 473-76
Dive-bombing attack: 432
Diversionary attacks: 76
Dives River: 78
Divisions, British. See British units.
Divisions, German. See also Infantry division, German; Panzer Division; Panzer Grenadier Division
characteristics: 175-76
four categories of: 254n
Dodigny: 368
Doenitz, Grossadmiral Karl: 83, 84, 232, 275
Dollmann, Generaloberst Friedrich: 230, 261n, 275, 293, 297, 334, 335, 350, 351, 371, 379, 395, 411, 445
Domfront: 188
Doolittle, Lt. Gen. James H.: 213, 219
Dorchester: 269
Douet: 367
Douglas, Air Marshal Sholto: 6
Douve River: 181-82, 186, 187, 187n, 280, 282, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 293, 298, 321, 347, 357, 359, 361, 401, 402, 404, 406, 408
Douvres: 330
Doyle: 322n
DRAGOON: 173n
Drome corridor: 353
Drome River: 337, 338, 339, 443, 444
Dunes de Varreville: les, 165, 302
–E–
Eaker, Brig. Gen. Ira C.: 19, 47, 108, 208, 209, 212n, 213, 214
Eastern Defense Command: 114
Eastern Naval Task Force: 190
East-West troop exchanges: 141-43, 146-47, 175
Eberbach, General der Panzertruppen Heinrich: 447
Ecqueneauville: 342
Eddy, Maj. Gen. Manton: 403, 403n, 406, 417, 419, 420, 438, 440. See also Infantry Division, 9th
Edwards, Col.: 113n
Eighth Air Force: 21, 47, 86, 108, 111, 196, 211n, 212n, 269n, 300
attack on French railroads: 219, 223-24
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 208-10, 208n, 211, 212, 213-14, 215
Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight D.: 11-12, 15n, 26-27, 26n, 28, 29-32, 46, 70, 87n, 105, 111, 113n, 160, 164, 165n, 166n, 173n, 174, 212, 274, 276, 351, 352, 403, 448, 449. See also Supreme Allied Commander; Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force
and airborne planning: 183-86
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January-March 1944: 165, 167, 168, 169, 170-73
appointed commander of OVERLORD: 112, 114
appointed commander of TORCH: 31-32
appointed Commanding General, ETOUSA: 26
appoints Gen. Hartle executive deputy theater
commander: 46
attitude toward GYMNAST: 29-30
attitude toward SLEDGEHAMMER: 29
complains against British tendency to freeze organization: 108-09
and controversy over bombing of French railroads: 219-23
directive to: 457-58
disagrees with Churchill on GYMNAST: 27
favors mainland operations against Italy: 87
on method of assisting Soviet Union: 11-12
opposed to Aegean offensive: 119
opposes invasion of Southern France: 125
ordered to draw plans for invasion of Southern France: 99
outlines situation in Italy, 24 October 1943: 117, 119
and problem of command of strategic air forces: 219-21
and problem of selection of D Day: 269, 272-74
and shortage of landing craft: 270
takes over direction of strategic air forces in support of OVERLORD: 223
takes up duties as SAC: 158, 164
on vertical envelopment: 185
Ekman, Col. William E.: 290, 388
El Alamein: 25
Eleventh Amphibious Force: 160
Elle River: 366, 368, 369, 373, 375, 382
Elliott, Col. Walter A.: 369
Embarkation, organization for: 269-70
Emmons: 322n
Engineer Battalion, 2nd: 381
Engineer Combat Battalions
37th: 325
146th: 325
Engineer Port Construction and Repair Group, 1056th: 442
Engineers: 304, 315-17, 336, 360. See also Engineer units.
casualties suffered in removing beach obstacles: 315, 317
demolition teams: 192-93
used as infantry: 381
Entrenchments: 418
Equipment. See Shortages: Supply.
Escures: 339
Etreham: 339
Etretat: 16
Evill, Air Marshal D. C. S.: 4n
Evreux: 78
Ewell, Lt. Col. Julian: 283, 356
–F–
FABIUS: 270
Fahrmbacher, General der Artillerie Wilhelm: 404, 404n, 413-14
Falaise: 181
Falkenhorst, von, General der Infanterie Nikolaus: 135n
Falley, Generalleutnant Wilhelm: 297, 396
Felber, General der Infanterie Hans-Gustav: 143-44
Fermanville: 176
Ferry Command: 62
Ferrying craft: 423
Feuchtinger, Generalleutnant Edgar: 332-33
Fieffes Dancel, les: 393
Field Artillery Battalions. See also Armored Field Artillery Battalions; Parachute Field Artillery Battalion.
7th: 313
38th: 369
44th: 440
111th: 309
311th: 434
Field orders: 187, 187n, 350, 417
Fields of fire: 390
Fiere, la: 289, 291-93, 345, 396-401
Fifteenth Air Force: 212, 213, 218
Fifth Army: 169
Fighter aircraft, effort to destroy in Combined Bomber Offensive: 209-10
Fighter bombers: 373, 376, 428
Fire and maneuver, doctrine of: 402
Fire power, U. S. and German infantry divisions: 470
Fire support. See Artillery; Naval Fire Support.
Fire support plan: 193-94, 197
First U. S. Army: 110, 114, 165, 182, 183, 183n, 185, 187, 188, 320, 321, 336, 361, 365, 372, 372n, 374, 376, 377, 378, 386, 423, 428, 438, 447
counterbattery plan: 196
established in England: 53
naval fire support for: 193-94
and the NEPTUNE plans: 174
takes over operational control of American ground forces in the United Kingdom: 158
First U. S. Army Group (FUSAG) , activated: 115
Flank security: 393, 395, 403, 406, 417
Flares, use of: 189
Fleche, la: 371
Flint, Col. Harry A.: 392, 393, 419
Floating reserve: 103, 182, 191, 327, 327n
Flottemanville-Hague: 419, 420, 421, 429, 431
Flying bombs: 215-17
Focke-Wulf 190: 265
"Follow-up" divisions, defined: 69n
Fontenay-sur-Mer: 302, 387, 392
Force B. See Task Force B.
Force O. See Task Force O.
Force U. See Task Force U.
FFI (Forces Françaises de l'Interieur): 206-07
Foret de Cerisy: 264, 321, 366, 368, 369, 371, 372, 372n, 373, 375, 376
Forges, les: 302, 328, 342, 345
Formigny: 328, 337, 337n, 338, 339
Fort des Flamands: 433
Fort du Roule, 429, 432, 434-36
Fortifications
attacks at Crisbecq and Azeville: 390-92
Ozeville: 392
permanent coastal artillery positions at Crisbecq and Azeville: 341-42
plan for assaulting: 308
use of demolitions against: 436
FORTITUDE: 76n
Fossardiere: 381
Fosse Soucy: 339
Fotelaie, la: 367
Fournel, le: 281-82
France, Southern, 93, 173n. See also ANVIL.
German occupation of: 143
historic invasion route through: 144-45
invasion discussed at Quebec Conference: 99-100
railroad targets: 218
Stalin urges assault on: 123-26
Franco, Francisco: 97
Francs Tireurs et Partisans: 198
Frankford: 322n
Freiwilligen: 145
French civilians: 156, 202, 222-23, 228, 410
French guerilla forces. See French-Resistance.
French Labor Service: 252, 263
French Resistance: 52, 52n, 224, 236, 275-76, 297, 408
and national unification: 198-99
plans for direct military action by: 206-07
SHAEF considers mass uprisings unlikely: 202
supplies sent to: 201-02, 201n, 203, 203n, 207
Front National: 198
Füsilier battalion, organization: 237
Funck, von, General der Panzertruppen Hans Freiherr: 235, 373
–G–
Gare Maritime: 441
Gasoline: Germans short of, 360, 410, 411
Gavin, Brig. Gen. James A.: 291, 291n, 398, 400
George, Lt. Col. Alexander: 382, 382n
Gerhardt, Maj. Gen. Charles H.: 327, 327n, 337, 352, 382, 383. See also Infantry Division, 29th.
German Admiralty: 83
German Air Force. See Luftwaffe.
German Armed Forces of the Netherlands: 246
German Army. See also German units; Reserves, German.
average age of troops: 147
command and tactics: 242-58
lack of replacements: 147
organization for combat: 236-42
physical standards relaxed: 146-47
racial composition: 145
strength in December 1943: 147
strength on 6 June 1944: 471
German combat troops
characteristics of: 282
used as construction workers: 252
German defense. See Defense, German.
German industries, and Combined Bomber Offensive: 207-10, 223
German Navy: 129, 130, 131, 137, 243, 259, 301
German units. See also German Army.
Army, First: 130, 143, 233, 242, 247, 248, 258, 412
Army, First Panzer: 235
Army, First Parachute: 238n
Army, Sixth: 234
Army, Seventh: 130, 138, 141, 146, 225, 227, 239n, 242, 242n, 246, 252, 254, 258, 260, 263, 275, 278, 293, 293n, 305, 332, 334, 338, 348-51, 370, 374, 378, 379, 386, 396n, 404, 408-11, 413, 413-14, 414n, 415, 421, 438, 442n, 443, 444, 446
Army, Eighth: 234
Army, Fifteenth: 130, 138, 138n, 141, 154, 242, 250, 252, 257, 257n, 258, 275, 278, 351, 411, 412, 446
Army, Nineteenth: 144, 232, 242, 247, 248, 258, 412
Army Felber: 143
Army Group A: 130
Army Group B: 87, 130, 149, 246, 248, 249, 275, 332, 414, 446
Army Group D: 130
Army Group G: 248
Army Group Center: 141
Army Group South: 132
Army Group for Special Employment: 149, 243-46
Battalion, 1st, 6th Parachute Regiment: 298, 347
Battalion, 2nd, 6th Parachute Regiment: 298, 356-57
Battalion, 3rd, 6th Parachute Regiment: 298, 356
Battalion, Seventh Army Sturm: 260, 297, 342-44, 387, 418
Battalion, 17th Machine Gun: 260, 420
Battalion, 2nd, 191st Artillery Regiment: 283
Battalion, 100th Panzer Replacement: 260, 260n, 292n, 293, 402
Battalion, 206th Panzer: 260
Battalion, 3rd, 243rd Artillery Regiment: 342, 416, 416n
Battalion, 275th Füsilier: 379n
Battalion, 352nd Antitank: 330n
Battalion, 352nd Füsilier: 257, 330n, 338
Battalion, 439th Ost: 353
Battalion, 441st Ost: 321
Battalion, 456th Artillery: 297, 342, 387
Battalion, 457th Artillery: 297, 387
Battalion, 513th, 30th Mobile Brigade: 338
Battalion, 642nd Ost: 254
Battalion, 709th Antitank: 297, 342
Battalion, 3rd, 726th Regiment: 319n
Battalion, 795th Georgian: 254, 260, 297, 342
Battalion, 1st, 914th Regiment: 322
Battalion, 1st, 915th Regiment: 330n
Battalion, 2nd, 915th Regiment: 330, 338
Battalion, 1st, 916th Regiment: 321
Battalion, 2nd, 916th Regiment: 338
Battalion, 1st, 919th Regiment: 297
Battalion, 3rd, 919th Regiment: 147n, 278, 393
Battalion, 2nd, 921st Regiment: 395n
Battalion, Engineer, 922nd Regiment: 297n
Battalion, 1st, 922nd Regiment: 395n
Battalion, 1st, 984th Regiment: 379n
Battalion, 2nd, 984th Regiment: 379n
Battalion, 2nd, 1058th Regiment: 357
Battalion, 3rd, 1058th Regiment: 288, 298, 356
Battalion, 3rd, 1261st Artillery Regiment: 387
Battalion, 3rd, 1352nd Artillery Regiment: 338
Battalion, 3rd, 1716th Artillery Regiment: 319n, 353
Brigade, 7th Werfer: 444
Brigade, 30th Mobile: 334, 338, 339, 339n, 353
Corps, I SS Panzer: 334, 348, 349, 371, 374, 408, 443, 444
Corps, II Parachute: 252, 349, 371, 373, 377, 443, 444
Corps, II SS Panzer: 235, 411, 443, 444, 445
Corps, XXI: 135n
Corps, XL VII Panzer: 235, 373, 443
Corps, LXXXIV: 138, 155, 242n, 252, 254, 260, 263, 278, 280n, 297-98, 305, 330, 334, 360, 369, 371, 377, 404, 404n, 408, 413, 414, 414n, 417, 443, 446
Division, 1st SS Panzer: 235, 240, 248, 372, 412, 442, 444
Division, 2nd Panzer: 240, 373, 374-75, 377, 412
Division, 2nd Parachute: 238, 238n
Division, 2nd SS Panzer: 206, 248, 412, 442, 442n, 444, 445, 446
Division, 3rd Parachute: 238-39, 238n, 239n, 252, 349, 350n, 371, 373, 375, 380, 382
Division, 5th Parachute: 238, 252, 253
Division, 6th Panzer: 141
Division, 9th SS Panzer: 233, 234, 235, 240, 248, 411, 412, 442, 445
Division, 10th SS Panzer: 235, 411, 412, 442, 445
Division, 11th Panzer: 248, 372
Division, 12th SS Panzer: 248, 333-34, 348, 349, 373, 412, 442, 444
Division, 16th Luftwaffe Field: 446
Division, 17th SS Panzer Grenadier: 239-40, 248, 349, 350n, 360, 364, 364n, 365, 371-73, 372n, 374, 376, 378n, 379
Division, 19th Luftwaffe Field: 235
Division, 21st Panzer: 235, 242, 248, 257, 257n, 319n, 332, 334, 348, 349, 373, 444
Division, 60th Panzer Grenadier: 148
Division, 77th: 238, 238n, 257n, 334, 349, 350n, 371, 387, 395, 404, 413-15, 414n, 416, 417, 430
Division, 89th: 233n
Division, 91st: 186, 238, 260, 278, 288, 289, 293, 293n, 297, 336, 387, 393, 396, 404, 408, 413, 417
Division, 116th Panzer: 248
Division, 243rd: 254, 254n, 258, 387, 395, 413, 417, 420, 430
Division, 275th: 254, 257, 257n, 364
Division, 276th: 442
Division, 277th: 442
Division, 326th: 235
Division, 331st: 235
Division, 348th: 235
Division, 349th: 235
Division, 352nd: 238n, 254-57, 254n, 264, 286, 319, 319n, 320, 321, 322n, 330, 331n, 334-35, 337-39, 337n, 339n, 340, 348, 353, 367, 368, 369, 369n, 372, 373, 375, 379n, 380, 382, 383
Division, 353rd: 254, 257, 257n, 371-72, 382
Division, 361st: 235
Division, 709th: 147, 238, 252, 254, 258, 260, 263, 278, 283, 286, 288, 293, 293n, 297, 298, 330, 387, 413, 417
Division, 711th: 278
Division, 715th: 234
Division, 716th: 238, 254, 257, 264, 264n, 278, 319n, 321, 332, 334, 338, 370, 372
Division, Panzer Lehr: 234, 235, 248, 333, 334, 348, 349, 370, 372-75, 412, 442, 444
Gruppe XXI: 135n
Kampfgruppe Boehm: 382
Kampfgruppe Heintz: 371, 378-79
Kampfgruppe Hellmich: 395, 413
Kampfgruppe Hoffman: 387n, 395
Kampfgruppe Keil: 387n
Kampfgruppe Meyer: 330-31, 338
Kampfgruppe Mueller: 387n
Regiment, 6th Parachute: 238, 238n, 239, 260, 286, 288, 293, 297-300, 356
Regiment, 15th Parachute: 430
Regiment, 37th SS Panzer Grenadier: 371
Regiment, 38th SS Panzer Grenadier: 371
Regiment, 101st Stellungswerfer: 260, 260n
Regiment, 191st Artillery: 328
Regiment, 243rd Artillery: 387
Regiment, 352nd Artillery: 254, 257n, 353
Regiment, 726th: 257, 319n, 331, 338, 339, 340, 353
Regiment, 729th: 345, 418, 420
Regiment, 739th: 420
Regiment, 914th: 341, 350, 353, 367
Regiment, 915th: 257n, 321, 330
Regiment, 916th: 320, 324, 330, 334, 337, 338, 369n
Regiment, 920th: 297n
Regiment, 922nd: 297n, 345, 420
Regiment, 943rd: 382
Regiment, 984th: 378
Regiment, 1049th: 402
Regiment, 1050th Grenadier: 416
Regiment, 1057th: 293, 345, 401
Regiment, 1058th: 283, 293, 293n, 297, 342, 344, 357
Germany. See also German units; Hitler.
and combined Bomber Offensive: 207-17
planning the defeat of: 8-11
Gerow, Brig. Gen. Leonard T.: 5n, 187, 305, 308n, 320, 327, 361, 365, 375, 444. See also Corps V.
Gestapo: 200
Geyr von Schweppenburg, General der Panzertruppen Leo Freiherr: 153, 156n, 247, 248, 248n, 348, 349, 373-74, 373n, 443, 444, 445n, 446, 447
Ghormley, Rear Adm. Robert L.: 1, 2
Ginder, Col. Philip H.: 401, 402
Glider Infantry Battalion: 356n
Glider Infantry Battalions. See also Battalions.
1st, 325th Glider Infantry: 396-98, 400
2nd, 325th Glider Infantry: 388
3rd, 325th Glider Infantry: 398
1st, 327th Glider Infantry: 364
2nd, 327th Glider Infantry: 364
3rd, 327th Glider Infantry: 356, 356n
Glider Infantry Battalions: (Continued)
1st, 401st Glider Infantry: 356n
2nd, 401st Glider Infantry: 356n
Glider Infantry Regiments
325th: 300, 329, 345, 398, 401, 402, 403, 404, 406
327th: 356n, 357, 359, 361-64, 365
401st: 356n
Glider landings: 186, 283, 298, 300, 329
Glider regiments, organization: 356n
Göbbels, Josef Paul: 140n
Göring, Reichsmarschall Hermann: 130, 133, 133n, 136, 238, 253, 265
Golleville: 417
Goode, Col. Paul R.: 341, 364, 382n
Gouesmerie, la: 372n
Grand Hameau, le: 328
Grandcamp-les-Bains: 75, 78, 353, 423
Grande Huanville: 415
Greville: 441
Gronde River: 331
Gruenther, Brig. Gen. Alfred W.: 32
Guderian, Generaloberst Heinz: 241, 242
Guerrillas, French. See French Resistance.
Gun-support craft. See Support craft.
Guns. See Artillery; Howitzers; Mortars; Self-propelled guns; Weapons.
Guns, German: 176, 240n, 241, 368, 383, 420, 441
76.2-mm.: 240
88-mm.: 239, 240, 241, 368, 383, 387, 420, 436
122-mm.: 297
150-mm.: 297
170-mm.: 177
210-mm.: 341
240-mm.: 176
Gustav Line: 169
GYMNAST: 10-11, 15, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31
–H–
H Hour: 188-90
Haig, Field Marshal Sir Douglas: 4n
Halder, Generaloberst Franz: 128n
Haley: 340
Hall, Rear Adm. John L.: 160, 160n, 301, 322n, 327, 426
Ham, le: 386, 387, 387n, 388, 415
Hamel, le: 331
Hamel de Cruttes: 329
Handy, Maj. Gen. Thomas T.: 35-36, 60
Harcourt: 349
Harding: 322n
HARLEQUIN: 70
Harper, Col. Joseph H.: 361, 365
Harriman, W. Averell: 121n
Harris, Air Marshal A. T.: 4n, 5
Hartle, Maj. Gen. Russell P.: 46
Haskell, Col. Joseph P.: 203
Hausser, Generaloberst der Waffen-SS Paul: 445, 446
Haut Gueutteville: 293
Haute-Littee: 369
Haye du Puits, la: 260, 413, 414, 415
Heavy bombers: 196, 217, 219, 300
Hedgehogs: 250. See also Beach obstacles.
Hedgerow cutters: 384
Hedgerows: 284, 348, 356, 359, 361, 364, 368, 369, 376, 380, 386, 400, 402-03, 406, 422, 449
difficulties of fighting in: 297, 402-03
tactics in: 381-82
Hellmich, Generalleutnant Heinz: 395
Hennecke, Konteradmiral Walther: 278, 438, 441-42
Henneville: 440
Heydte, von der, Major Friedrich-August Freiherr: 293n, 297-98, 347, 347n, 348, 356, 357, 360, 364. 364n
Higgins, Andrew J.: 60
Hilfswillige: 145
Hill 35: 353
Hill 64: 331
Hill 90: 380
Hill 97: 380
Hill 102: 383
Hill 108: 383
Hill 115: 381
Hill 133: 415
Hill 145: 415,
Hill 147: 381
Hill 158: 421
Hill 170: 419
Hilpert, Generalleutnant Karl: 135
Hitler: 133n, 152n, 232, 234, 237, 238, 241, 242n, 246, 247, 248n, 248-49, 257, 258, 262, 275, 333, 350, 414, 414n. See also Germany.
admonishes Schlieben on defense of Cherbourg: 430
Allied invasion of North Africa a complete surprise to: 143
analysis of Dieppe raid: 137
basic order for defense of the West: 133, 135
Conference of 29 September 1942: 136-37
Conference of 17 June 1944: 412-13, 414
Conference of 30 June 1944: 445-46
decides to attack Soviet Union: 129-30
and decline of Luftwaffe: 265
and defeat of German submarine: 83-84
effort to rebuild western defenses: 148-57
estimates of Allied intentions: 138, 259, 259n
intervention in the battle: 411-12, 414, 443, 445-46
issues Directive 40: 133
orders halt in shift of troops from Western to Eastern Front: 148, 231, 233
policy of rigid defense: 152
and projected invasion of England: 129
regards Channel Islands important for political reasons: 131
Rundstedt's visit to: 140
takes direct command of Army: 131n
Hobbs, Maj. Gen. Leland: 377. See also Infantry Division, 30th.
Hoffmann, Oberstleutnant: 147n, 278
Holdy: 284
Home Defense Command: 53
Hommet d'Arthenay, le: 377
Hopkins, Harry: 16, 18, 21, 27, 28, 30-31
"Hornets," self-propelled 88-mm. antitank guns (German) : 241
Horse-drawn artillery: 254
House-to-house fighting: 281, 283
Houesville: 357
Howell, Brig. Gen. G. P.: 402, 402n
Howitzers, 105-mm.: 197, 284, 309, 341, 356, 383
Huebner, Maj. Gen. Clarence R.: 305, 308n, 319, 374. See also Infantry Division, 1st.
Hughes-Hallett, Commodore J.: 53, 53n, 54n, 60
Hull, Cordell: 121n
Hull, Maj. Gen. John E.: 169
Hupfer, Lt. Col. C. G.: 344
Huppain: 337
Hurst, S/Sgt. Paul A.: 436
–I–
India: 17
Infantry, American
assault troop weapons: 192
battle charge: 359, 387, 398, 441
German estimate of: 337n
Infantry, German. See German units.
Infantry, German, organization: 236-42
Infantry battalions. See also Antitank Battalions; Armored Field Artillery Battalions; Armored Infantry Battalions; Engineer Battalions; Engineer Combat Battalions; Field Artillery Battalions; Glider Infantry Battalions; Parachute Field Artillery Battalion; Parachute Infantry Battalions; Ranger Battalions; Tank Battalions.
1st, 8th Infantry: 304, 328, 342, 387-88, 422, 432
2nd, 8th Infantry: 283, 304, 328, 342, 344, 387, 422
3rd, 8th Infantry: 304, 329, 342, 422, 431
2nd, 9th Infantry: 368
3rd, 9th Infantry: 368-69
3rd, 12th Infantry: 388-90
1st, 16th Infantry: 318, 324, 337
2nd, 16th Infantry: 315, 318, 324, 328, 337
3rd, 16th Infantry: 318, 325, 328, 337
1st, 18th Infantry: 328
2nd, 18th Infantry: 325, 328, 337
2nd, 22nd Infantry: 390
3rd, 22nd Infantry: 302, 304, 341-42, 390, 418, 421
3rd, 26th Infantry: 337-38, 339
1st, 38th Infantry: 369
2nd, 38th Infantry: 369
1st, 39th Infantry: 392, 395, 416
2nd, 39th Infantry: 392
1st, 47th Infantry: 419
2nd, 47th Infantry: 419-20, 441
2nd, 60th Infantry: 406, 420, 441
3rd, 60th Infantry: 408, 420, 440
1st, 115th Infantry: 327, 367, 376, 381, 382
2nd, 115th Infantry: 327, 367, 368, 382
3rd, 115th Infantry: 327-28, 367, 368, 376, 380, 381, 382
1st, 116th Infantry: 317, 326, 381
2nd, 116th Infantry: 315, 317, 318, 326, 327, 381
3rd, 116th Infantry: 317, 318, 324, 325, 327, 381
1st, 313th Infantry: 429
3rd, 313th Infantry: 429
2nd, 314th Infantry: 434-36
3rd, 314th Infantry: 434-36
1st, 357th Infantry: 401
2nd, 357th Infantry: 401
1st, 358th Infantry: 402
3rd, 358th Infantry: 402
Infantry Division, 1st: 158n, 187, 352, 380
assault on beach: 305-19
in drive on Caumont: 366, 368, 369, 371-77
effort to secure beachhead: 337, 339, 340
Infantry Division, 2nd: 158n
attack toward St. Lo: 380-81
casualties: 376
in drive on Caumont: 366, 369, 370, 372n, 374, 375, 376, 377
Infantry Division, 4th: 284, 300, 329, 336, 344, 345, 401, 402, 440n
advance to the Cherbourg Land front: 416, 418, 419, 421
assault on beaches: 302, 302-04
assault training: 162
capture of Cherbourg: 403n, 423, 428, 430, 433
drive to the Quinéville ridge: 386-96
Infantry Division: 5th, 158n
Infantry Division, 8th: 158n
Infantry Division, 9th: 158n
advance to the Cherbourg Landfront: 416-17, 418, 419-20, 421
in attack to cut the Peninsula: 403, 406-08, 415-16
capture of Cherbourg: 403n, 428, 429, 431, 433, 434, 436, 440
Infantry Division, 29th: 158n, 365, 366, 367, 369n, 375, 376
assault on beaches: 327
assault plans: 187, 190, 197, 197n
attack toward St. LO: 377, 379-80, 381, 382-83
captures Isigny: 352-53
in drive on Caumont: 374
effort to secure beachhead: 336, 337, 340-41
Infantry Division, 30th: 377, 379
Infantry Division, 34th: 19
Infantry Division, 79th: 188n, 403, 415, 440
advance to the Cherbourg Landfront: 416, 417-18, 419, 421
capture of Cherbourg: 428, 429, 431, 432, 434-36
Infantry Division, 83rd: 447
Infantry Division, 90th: 417
assault plans: 187
in attack to cut the Peninsula: 401-04, 406, 415, 416
Infantry Regiments. See also Glider Infantry Regiments; Parachute Infantry Regiments.
8th: 281, 283, 284n, 298, 302, 328, 329, 342, 344, 345, 386, 387-88, 393, 396, 418, 421-22, 430, 431, 432
12th: 302, 329, 341, 386, 388-90, 392, 392-93, 418,
16th: 162, 308, 309, 315, 318-19, 319n, 324, 325, 328, 336
18th: 308, 325, 327-28, 337-38, 368, 374
22nd: 302, 329, 341. 386, 390, 392, 393, 418, 421, 430, 431, 432, 438-40
26th: 308, 337n, 340, 368, 374
39th: 392, 393, 403n, 406, 415, 417, 419, 420, 421, 429, 431, 432, 434, 438
47th: 404, 406, 415, 416, 419, 420, 429, 431, 432, 433-34, 436, 440, 441
60th: 403, 404, 415, 416, 417, 419, 420, 421, 429, 431, 438, 440-41
115th: 187, 308, 327, 328, 337, 339, 340, 352, 353, 367, 376, 381, 382-83
116th: 162, 187n, 305-08, 313-15, 317, 318, 319, 324, 326-27, 329, 340, 352, 353, 356, 365, 367n, 376, 380, 381, 382, 383
120th: 377
175th: 337, 340, 341, 352-53, 359-60, 361, 364, 365, 367, 376, 380, 382, 383
313th: 417, 419, 429, 432, 436
314th: 418, 419, 429, 431, 432, 436
315th: 417-18, 419, 421, 429, 432
359th: 302, 388, 401, 402, 403-404, 406
Infantry-tank teams: 383-84
Initial Joint Plan. See NEPTUNE Initial Joint Plan.
Intelligence, Allied: 174-80, 175n, 186, 210-11, 215, 217, 221, 224, 319n, 372, 372n, 417
Intelligence, German: 138, 258-59, 275-76, 350
Interdiction
Inundations. See Floods.
Invasion fleet
German command unaware of: 275-76
organization for embarkation: 269-70
size of: 274
Invasion front: 26, 56, 57, 72, 99, 165-66, 181
Iran: 17
Iraq: 17
Isigny: 180, 181, 187, 187n, 308, 327, 351-53, 357, 359, 360, 361, 365, 367, 376, 381, 423
Ismay, Lt. Gen. Sir Hastings: 90, 91n, 98, 121, 121n
Isolationism: 92
Italy: 29, 35, 36, 68, 69, 83, 171-72, 173, 173n. See also Anzio; HUSKY; Mediterranean operations; Salerno; Sicily.
Allied attacks on railroads: 217, 228
strategy of defeating: 36, 37, 41, 42-43, 68, 93, 96, 97, 117-19, 121, 122, 169
Italian Fourth Army: 143-44
Italian 5th Alpini Division: 144
–J–
Jacob, General der Pioniere Alfred: 136
Japan: 8, 11, 18, 23-24, 25, 27, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 43-44, 129. See also Pacific theater.
Stalin promises to join in war on: 123
strategic defensive against: 8, 35, 36, 43-44
Jedburghs: 206-07
Jodl, General der Artillerie Alfred: 135, 155, 232, 234, 257, 333, 411-12, 445
Joganville: 388
Johnson, Col. Howard R.: 286, 287, 287n, 288, 347, 347n
Johnston, Lt. Col. James D.: 420
Joint Board, 1942 membership: 3n
Joint Chiefs of Staff: 3, 4n, 15, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34-35, 36, 37, 38, 42, 43, 48, 49, 63, 64, 65, 68, 69, 70, 77, 165n, 173n
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January-March 1944: 168-69
and the Cairo-Tehran Conference: 117-19, 120, 121, 122-23, 126
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 209-10, 213
concept of Mediterranean operations, May 1943: 68-69
and decision on target date for invasion: 69-70
favor concentration on BOLERO in preparation for
ROUNDUP in 1943: 32
and French Resistance: 203
and landing craft requirements: 63, 64, 65, 101-02
and organization of COSSAC: 48-51
organization and duties: 3-4
problem of air force command: 220
at the Quebec Conference: 83, 87, 88, 90, 92, 93-94, 96, 97, 98
and questions of OVERLORD command: 108, 111-12
relative independence: 92
seek overriding priority for OVERLORD in debate
at Quebec Conference: 97-100
Joint Intelligence Committee: 222
Joint Planning Staff: 6, 23, 34, 104, 184
Joint Staff Mission: 2, 4, 4n, 27, 90n
JSSC (Joint Strategic Survey Committee) : 36-37, 83, 86, 90n
Joint War Plans Committee: 90n, 93
Junkers 88: 265
JUPITER: 27
–K–
Kampfgruppen, mobile: 254
Kanalkueste: 138-40, 149, 262, 351, 411, 446
Kauffman, Lt. Col. Michael B.: 406
Keil, Oberstleutnant Guenther: 420, 441
Keitel, Generalfeldmarschall Wilhelm: 133, 136, 227, 411, 445
Kelly, Cpl. John D.: 436, 436n
Kesselring, Generalfeldmarschall Albert: 149
King, Admiral Ernest J.: 3, 3n, 23-24, 27-28, 31, 81n, 34, 43, 60, 63, 65, 70, 94n
attitude toward OVERLORD: 65, 93, 94
organizes U. S. naval forces in Europe: 160
and shortage of landing craft: 102, 104
Kirk, Rear Adm. Alan G.: 53, 160, 160n, 190, 194, 273
KMA (coastal mine) : 262
Kluge, von, Generalfeldmarschall Guenther: 447
Knocke: 56
Knudsen, William S.: 26n
Koehn, Oberst Walter: 420
Koenig, Gen. Joseph Pierre: 206
Kraemer, Generalmajor der Waffen-SS Fritz: 147n
Kraiss, Generalleutnant Dietrich: 321, 330, 334, 338-39, 340, 353, 369, 369n, 383
Krancke, Admiral Theodor: 243, 259, 260-63, 276, 278, 301
Krause, Lt. Col. Edward C.: 289, 290, 290n
–L–
Labor troops: 144, 145, 202, 228, 430
Lambe, Capt. C. E.: 5n
Lande-sur-Drôme, la: 380
Landfront. See Cherbourg Landfront.
Landing craft: 12, 100-05, 122, 191, 321n, 330n
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate of January–March 1944: 165, 166-68, 169-73
British development of: 61-62
effort to make most of existing supply: 105
estimate of requirements: 59-60, 63-65, 100-03
experiments in firing artillery from: 197
priority in construction: 62-63, 104
reallocation of at Cairo Conference: 126-27
serviceability rate: 170-71
shortage of: 63n, 74-75, 75n, 100-02, 103
sought by Eisenhower for Italian campaign: 117-19
used to ram beach obstacles: 325
Landing Craft and Bases, Europe: 160
Landing exercises, British: 264n
Landrum, Maj. Gen. Eugene M.: 403, 403n, 404. See
also Infantry Division, 90th.
Laval: 371
LCG: 101
LCI (L) : 101, 127, 167, 170, 172
LCM (1) : 61
LCT: 54, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 100, 101, 103, 104, 127, 167, 172, 192
LCT (5) : 197
LCVP: 67n, 190, 192, 309, 313, 341
LSI: 171
LSI (H) : 170
LSI (L) : 127
LSI (S) : 67n
L'Armée, Secrete: 199-200
L'Eclin: 375
Le Havre: 8, 15, 16, 21, 57, 72, 81, 103, 259, 301
Leahy, Admiral William D.: 4, 4n, 31n, 93
Leigh-Mallory, Air Marshal Sir Trafford: 21, 52, 52n, 54n, 107-08, 112, 162, 214
and airborne planning: 186
and controversy over bombing of French railroads: 217, 218, 222
on German Air Force: 180
and the NEPTUNE plans: 173
and selection of D-day: 273
Lestre: 387
Lettau, Major Heinz: 276n
Lewis, Col.: 398
Liege: 8
Lieusant: 418
Limited-objective attack: 348, 373, 377, 379-83
Limited withdrawal: 416
Landwirt submarines: 301
Lindquist, Col. Ray: 291
Linear defense; German theories: 151-56
Lisieux: 333
Litteau: 375
Little, Admiral Sir Charles: 4, 4n, 53, 54, 160-62
Livry: 375
Lock, la Barquette: 280, 286-87, 287n
Lockwood, Pvt. John A.: 293
Lodgment, development of: 187-88
Loire River: 79, 180, 230, 349, 371, 408-10
Londe, la: 372
London, effect of flying bombs on: 215-17
London Conference
April 1942: 16-18
Longraye: 370
Losses. See also Casualties.
Losses, Allied aircraft: 210, 211, 212, 214
Losses, Allied shipping: 38-40, 63-64, 83, 84-86, 270, 313, 423-26, 426n
Louvières: 340
LSTs: 61-62, 63, 64, 103, 127, 167, 170, 171, 172, 173, 270, 302n, 423, 426
Luckett, Col. James S.: 293n, 422, 433
Lüttwitz, von, Generalleutnant Heinrich Freiherr: 373
Luftflotte Reich: 267
Luftgaukommando Westfrankreich: 243n
Luftwaffe: 75, 130, 133n, 212, 223, 227, 237n, 249, 252-53, 267n, 332, 335, 411, 429, 431
Allied estimates of before D Day: 179-80
Allied offensive against: 209-10, 211, 212, 214, 215, 218-19, 221
causes of decline before D Day: 265
never able to intervene in Cotentin battles: 395
ordered to strengthen defenses: 148
raid on camp near Falmouth: 270-72
use of in defense: 153-54
Luftwaffe units. See also Third Air Force.
Division, 4th Fighter: 266
Division, 5th Fighter: 266
German Home Air Command (Luftflotte Reich): 267
Luzerne, la: 381
–M–
McAuliffe, Brig. Gen. Anthony: 361
McCook: 322n
Machine guns: 380, 386-87, 434-36, 440
MacKelvie, Brig. Gen. Jay W.: 401, 403. See also Infantry Division, 90th.
McLaren, Capt. M.: 56n
McLean, Brig. Gen. Kenneth: 165, 165n, 166
McNabb, Brig. Colin: 22
McNair, Lt. Gen. Lesley J.: 26n, 184
McNarney, Maj. Gen. Joseph T.: 26n
MacNeely, Lt. Col. Carlton O.: 283, 344
Macready, LL Gen. G. N.: 4n
Madeleine, la: 353
MAGNET: 19
Maisy: 356
Maneuver, fire and: 402-03
Maquis: 99, 202-03, 203n, 206, 442n
Marcks, General der Artillerie Erich: 155, 298, 334, 340, 369, 395, 404, 408
Marcouf. See Fort St. Marcouf.
Mare a Canards, La: 429, 431, 432
Maritime Commission: 104
Marnitz, Generalmajor Viktor: 152, 152n, 153
Marshall, Gen. George C.: 1, 3, 8, 19, 21n, 23, 24, 25, 26, 26n, 27-28, 29, 30, 30n, 31, 33, 34, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43-44, 48n, 65, 87n, 110, 111, 113n, 122n, 127, 272
and airborne planning: 183-84, 185
ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January-March 1944: 168-69, 172, 173
appointment as SAC discussed: 108, 111, 113, 113n, 114
attitude toward GYMNAST: 27-28, 30
biographical sketch: 94n
defense of BOLERO: 28
favors enlarging OVERLORD plan: 99
on Gen. Morgan: 115
on invasion in 1942: 16-17
at London Conference, April 1942: 16-18
at London Conference, July 1942: 29-30
Navy challenges European strategy of: 93-95
on Mediterranean operations: 40, 42, 43-44, 97
opposes British opportunism: 94-95
on OVERLORD command: 111, 112, 114-15
on priority of European theater: 8
proposes offensive in Pacific rather than in Europe: 27-28, 33-34, 98
relations with Congress: 113
relations with Joint Chiefs of Staff: 94-95
Marshall Memorandum: 13-19, 22, 33, 34, 37, 62
Marshes, movement through: 329, 367
Martinvast: 429
Meauffe: 383
Medal of Honor: 304n, 319n, 368n, 436n
Mediterranean air bases: 212-13, 218
Mediterranean operations. See also ANVIL; Anzio; GYMNAST; HUSKY; Naples; TORCH.
British and American concept of, May 1943: 68-70
British arguments for at the Casablanca Conference: 40-42
debated at Quebec Conference: 88-100
and differences between British and U. S. strategic concepts: 94-97
Mediterranean theater, drains German troops from Western front: 143-45
Meindl, General der Fallschirmtruppen: 349-50, 360, 371, 373
Melbreak: 322n
Merderet River: 186, 286, 287, 289, 290, 291, 293, 297, 302, 336, 345, 357, 364, 386, 388, 393, 396, 400, 401, 413, 417
Merrill, Lt. Col. John W.: 432
Merville: 332
Mesieres, 281
Mesnil au Val: 420
Message "B": 205-06
Messerschmitt 109: 265
Meyer, Col.: 331
Michaelis, Lt. Col. John H.: 281
Microwave radar: 84. See also Radar.
Middleton, Maj. Gen. Troy H.: 415. See also VIII Corps.
Midget submarines, German: 179, 261
Milford Haven Command: 54
Military observers. See Observers,
Miller, 2nd Lt. Kermit C.: 367
Millett, Col. George V.: 396-98
Mine fields: 390
antipersonnel: 264
detonated by Allied naval fire: 302
improvised from artillery shells: 264n, 322n
mine-laying fleet depleted by Allied attacks: 262
Rommel's mine-laying program: 250-52
teller: 264
Mobile operations, German theories of: 151-57
Moitiers, les: 402
Molotov, Vyacheslav: 24-25, 41, 121
Montebourg: 297, 344, 350n, 371, 386, 387, 387n, 388, 390, 393, 395, 396, 408, 413, 418, 420
Montgomery, Gen. Sir Bernard L.: 86, 116-17, 164, 165n, 166n, 167n, 274, 351, 443-44, 445, 447. See
also British units, 21 Army Group.
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January-March 1944: 165-67, 171
biographical sketch: 158n
and ground command problems: 117n
"Montgomery plan": 167, 167n, 181
seeks broader assault front: 165-66
and selection of D Day: 272, 274
succeeds Gen. Paget: 158-60
Montigny: 340
Montmartin-en-Graignes: 361, 364, 365, 377, 377n
Montrabot: 380
Moon, Rear Adm. Don P.: 301
Moon-sur-Elle: 372n
Morale
German: 75, 79, 120, 146, 209, 210, 337
Morgan, Lt. Gen. Frederick E.: 48, 49-51, 52, 59, 64, 66, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 75n, 76, 77, 79, 80, 91n, 94, 107n, 165n, 167n
and airborne planning: 183
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate of January–March 1944: 164-65, 166, 167
appointed COSSAC: 48-51
and choice of assault area: 71-72
concept of COCKADE: 70-71
concept of OVERLORD: 58-59
estimate of enemy capabilities: 76-77
and expansion of the assault front: 99, 103
favors floating reserve: 191
and MULBERRIES: 74
and organization of COSSAC: 51-52
quasi command conferred on: 105-06, 164
and questions of OVERLORD command: 105-17
and struggle for landing craft: 64, 66, 74, 100-05
Morsalines: 387
Mortars: 416
chemical: 392
4.2-inch: 382
Moscow Conference, October 1943: 121, 128
Motor transport, German: 224, 227-28
Moulins, les: 309n, 313, 315, 318, 324, 325, 327
Mountbatten, Commodore Lord Louis: 5, 5n, 6, 18, 25, 54
Mount Cauvin: 337
Mount Cenis: 144
MS-Flotilla, 6th (mine layers) : 262
Mueller, Oberstleutnant Franz: 420
Mustangs: 428
–N–
Naiden, Col. E. L.: 5n
National Committee (le Conseil National de la Résistance) : 199
Naval action: 270
Naval Beach Battalion, 7th: 320n
Naval branch of COSSAC: 51
Naval Commander Normandy: 278, 301
Naval fire support: 152, 153-54, 189, 190, 193-94, 196-97, 273, 287, 301-02, 313, 322, 325, 326, 339, 341, 342, 353, 361, 373n, 387, 390, 392, 432, 434, 445, 446, 448
Naval gunfire spotting teams: 197
Naval Staff (X) : 53
Navy
disagrees with Army on strategy: 92-94
and landing craft requirements: 62, 63
organization for the assault, January 1944: 160, 162
permanent observer established in London: 1
planning in early 1942: 5
resists development of landing craft: 60-61
shipbuilding program, 1944: 104
size of invasion fleet: 274
Navy, German: 133n, 276, 276n. See also Mines, German.
Admiral Krancke's report on weakness of: 261-62
estimate of strength: 179
ordered to strengthen defenses: 148
torpedo boats: 301
views on imminence of invasion: 259, 260-61
–N–
Navy Group West: 243, 259, 442n
Nazi party: 145
Nazis, categories of: 145n
Nebelwerfer: 223n, 233, 239, 239n, 438
Nelson, Donald: 103
NEPTUNE Initial Joint Plan: 173-74, 182, 183, 189. See also NEPTUNE plans.
NEPTUNE plans: 173-97
airborne planning: 183-86
development of the lodgment: 187-88
estimate of the enemy: 174-80
fire support: 193-97
objectives and terrain: 180-83
organization and tactics of the assault forces: 190-93
selection of D-day: 188-90
Neuville-au-Plain: 289, 290, 297, 342, 344, 345
Nevada: 197n
Nicolle: 440
Night attack: 73, 188-89, 416, 418
Night bombing, controversy over: 208, 209, 215, 222
Ninth Air Force: 54, 108, 112, 214, 218, 335, 428, 432, 448
IX Bomber Command: 219-20, 222, 223, 301, 428
IX Tactical Air Command: 428
Noble, Admiral Sir Percy: 4n
Norfolk House: 170
Normandy battle, typical: 348. See also Hedgerows.
North Africa, 21, 36. See also GYMNAST; Mediterranean operations; TORCH.
effect of Allied invasion on Germans: 143
Rommel's experience in: 249
Norway: 27, 35, 70, 98, 137, 146, 231, 412
Nouvelle Plage: 442
–O–
Oberbefehlshaber West (OB WEST) : 128n, 130, 131, 141, 142, 143, 144, 146, 148, 150, 156, 258, 260, 275, 276, 332, 349, 350, 360, 410, 446, 447
and attacks on French railroads: 225, 227
and OKW policy in 1944: 231-36
Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH): 131, 131n, 133, 141, 243, 252
Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW) : 128n, 131n, 143, 144, 149, 150, 151-52, 153, 154, 155-56, 248, 333, 333n, 350, 408, 411, 412, 442, 446
cancels comprehensive defense plans: 233
defense policy in 1944: 231-36
lack of co-ordination with OKH: 133-35
Observation: 197, 284, 292, 375, 376, 380, 382
Observers, U. S., in London: 1-2
Obstacles, underwater: 304, 321, 325. See also Beach
obstacles.
Octeville: 419, 428, 429, 431-32, 433-34, 436, 438, 440
Odon River: 445
Officer casualties: 319
Ogden, 1st Lt. Carlos C.: 436, 436n
"Oil Plan," for bombing Germany: 219, 222
Oil plants, bombing of: 208, 209, 212, 223-24
Oisel: 230n
OKH. See Oberkommando des Heeres.
OKL: 243
OKM: 243
OKW. See Oberkommando der Wehrmacht.
Ollande River: 416
OMAHA beach: 72n, 182, 189-90, 196, 302, 319, 319n, 329, 330, 336, 448
compared with Cherbourg as a port of entry: 226n
D-day bombing: 301
enemy coastal defenses: 302
landings on: 305-21
storm damage: 426
terrain: 189-90, 308-09, 321-22
on appointment of a ground commander: 116
plan for invasion, 1943: 15-21
Operational Groups: 207
Operational Training Unit: 184n
Orel: 88
Organization
of the assault: 158-60, 190-93, 269-72
for combat, German: 236-42
of German forces in the West: 128-40
Organization Todt: 131, 136, 137, 228, 252, 417
Orne River: 78, 184, 185, 257, 264, 332, 333, 334, 348, 349, 411, 442, 443, 444, 446
OSS (Office of Strategic Services) : 202, 203
Ost battalions: 146
Ostendorff, Generalmajor der Waffen-SS Werner: 360, 365, 371, 372n
Ostruppen: 146-47
OVERLORD
airborne planning: 183-93
allotment of resources, May 1943: 63-70
ANVIL-OVERLORD debate: 164-73
Cairo-Tehran Conferences: 117-27
COSSAC plans: 70-82
digest of: 450-56
fire support: 193-97
landing craft requirements: 59-63, 100-05
NEPTUNE plans: 173-83
organization for planning: 46-54
Quebec Conference: 83-100
questions of command: 105-17
size and shape of the attack: 54-59
U. S. organization and training for the assault, January 1944: 158-64
Owens, Sgt. William D.: 345
–P–
P-38: 213
Pacific theater. See also Japan.
controversy over allotment of aircraft for: 34-35
definition of strategy: 35, 36
Navy's primary interest in: 92-93
Paget, Gen. Sir Bernard: 5-6, 5n, 26-27, 53, 58n, 158
Panther (Mark V tank) : 241
Panzer division: 142n, 154n, 248n
equipment: 148
tank armament: 240-41
Panzer grenadier division: 142n
equipment: 148
organization: 239-42
weapons: 240n
Panzer Group West: 247, 248n, 348, 373, 443, 445, 446, 447
Parachute divisions, German: 238-39, 239n
Parachute Field Artillery Battalion, 377th: 280
Parachute Infantry Battalions. See also Battalions.
1st, 501st Parachute Infantry: 287
2nd, 501st Parachute Infantry: 288, 348
3rd, 501st Parachute Infantry: 283, 356
1st, 502nd Parachute Infantry: 281-83, 359
2nd, 502nd Parachute Infantry: 280, 282, 359
3rd, 502nd Parachute Infantry: 280-81, 359
1st, 505th Parachute Infantry: 290, 388
2nd, 505th Parachute Infantry: 290, 344, 388
3rd, 505th Parachute Infantry: 289, 290
1st, 506th Parachute Infantry: 282-83, 284, 287, 347, 356
2nd, 506th Parachute Infantry: 282, 284, 348, 356, 361
3rd, 506th Parachute Infantry: 282, 286, 287, 288, 347
2nd, 507th Parachute Infantry: 291, 292
1st, 508th Parachute Infantry: 401
2nd, 508th Parachute Infantry: 293, 400
Parachute Infantry Regiments
501st: 286, 287, 347, 357, 361, 364, 365
502nd: 280, 282, 286, 289, 329, 357, 361, 365
505th: 289, 291, 291n, 328-29, 345, 386, 388, 403n, 404, 406
506th: 280, 282, 283, 288, 328, 347, 348, 356, 357, 359, 361, 364, 365
507th: 289, 290, 396, 398, 400, 402n, 403, 404, 406
508th: 289, 290, 291, 293, 396, 402, 402n, 403n, 406
Parfouru: 375
Paris: 12, 181, 185, 223, 350, 373, 410, 442
Pas-de-Calais: 12-13, 13n, 21, 22, 57, 58, 67n, 70, 71-72, 76, 76n, 259, 261
Passive resistance: 225
Pathfinder planes: 279, 289, 290-91
Pattern bombing: 428
Patton, Lt. Gen. George S.: 86, 351
Paulus, Generaloberst Friedrich: 38
Pemsel, Generalleutnant, Max: 278, 414
Périers: 260, 297, 360, 364, 365, 378
Perimeter defense: 290
Phoenix: 74
Photographic reconnaissance: 177, 215, 259
Physical standards, German: 147
Piers, floating: 73-74
Pilotless aircraft: 138-40, 215-17, 412, 413
Pilots, German, shortage of: 265-66
Pinder, T/5 John J., Jr.: 319n
Plan Tortue: 205
Plan Vert: 205
Planning papers, chronology of: 468-69
Platoon, organization for assault: 191-192
Plymouth Command: 54
POINTBLANK: 111, 220. See also Combined Bomber Offensive.
Pointe du Hoc: 176, 196, 308, 318, 322-24, 326, 340, 353
Pointe et Raz de la Percée: 308, 309, 319
Poland: 145
Political considerations affecting strategy: 90-91, 92, 92n, 96n, 106-107, 203, 234
Pont l’Abbé: 289, 293, 401, 402, 403, 406, 415
Pont Hebert: 377
Poole: 272
Port Brehay, le: 302
Portal, Air Chief Sir Charles: 4, 17, 17n, 20, 43, 54, 86, 126, 168, 209, 209n
and controversy over bombing of French railroads: 219, 221, 222
and problem of air force command: 220
proposed as commander of whole bomber offensive against Germany: 213
Portbail: 443
Port-en-Bessin: 181, 301, 337, 339, 423
Portland: 272
Ports
as factor in choice of assault area: 56
prefabricated: 73, 166, 272n, 422-23, 423-26, 426n
Pound, Admiral Sir Dudley: 4, 168n
Pouppeville: 280, 282, 283, 304
Prairies Marecageuses: 357, 402, 413, 443
Prefabricated ports. See Artificial ports.
Pretot: 404
Prime movers, German: 241
Prisoners
of Allies: 280, 282, 283, 289, 298, 325n, 342, 344, 347, 367, 371, 387, 390, 416-21, 422, 431, 433, 434, 436-38, 440, 441
interrogation of: 372, 372n, 428-29
taken into German Army: 145-46
Propaganda, German: 137, 140, 140n, 176
Psychological warfare: 75-76, 436
–Q–
Quebec Conference: 68n, 83-100, 102, 104, 108, 113, 117, 121, 126, 164, 183
Querqueville: 438
Quesada, Gen. Elwood R.: 428
Quineville: 182, 302, 386, 387, 387n, 390-95, 408, 418, 423
"Racial Germans." See Volksdeutsche.
"Racial purity": 145
–R–
Radar: 262
in antisubmarine warfare: 84
Radio: 319n
Rae, Capt. R. D.: 398
Raeder, Grossadmiral Erich: 129, 133, 136
Raff, Col. Edson D.: 329
Raiding operations: 15-16. See also Dieppe raid; St. Nazaire.
Raids: 360
Railroads
repair: 228
sabotage: 204-05, 204n, 207, 224, 225
Ramsay, Admiral Sir Bertram H.: 6, 21, 162, 162n, 173, 193-94, 272, 273, 352
Ranger Battalions: 191
2nd: 196, 197n, 308, 313-15, 318, 322, 367n
5th: 197n, 318, 324, 326, 367n
Rangers: 54, 171, 308, 322n, 329, 340, 353. See also
Ranger battalions.
Rauville-la Bigot: 417
Reconnaissance in force: 347
Reconnaissance Troop, 29th; 359
Reeder, Col. Russell P.: 302, 388, 393n
Regensburg, air raid on: 210
Region Nord: 230
Replacement Army (German) : 233, 234, 235, 236, 258
Replacements: 368
Reserve panzer corps: 154n
Reserves, German. See also Defense, German.
disagreement over use of in defense of west: 154-57, 154n
estimated amount available to Rundstedt: 176
Germans unable to mass in accordance with plan: 351
lack of: 147-48
use of: 74, 147, 321, 330, 332-33, 334, 338, 348-49, 351, 360, 365, 371, 373, 374, 380, 383, 444, 446
Resistance. See French Resistance.
Reuville: 344
Review of Strategy: 9
Rhône Valley: 144-45
Richter, Generalleutnant Wilhelm: 264n
Ridgway, Maj. Gen. Matthew B.: 184, 289, 289n, 291, 344, 345, 398, 403, 406. See also Airborne Division, 82nd.
Rifle company, organization for assault: 192, 237
Riley, Pvt. Ralph G.: 390
Riviere, la: 321
Roberts, Cpl. Ernest T.: 293
Roberts, Maj. Gen. J. H.: 54n
Robertson, Maj. Gen. Walter M.: 366, 366n, 369. See
also Infantry Division, 2nd.
Robinson, Col. Warren A.: 418
Rocheville: 417
Rocket craft: 197
Rockets: 215, 302n. See also V-weapons.
Rohrbach, Colonel Helmuth: 345, 420
Romania: 122n
Rommel, Generalfeldmarschall Erwin: 25, 87, 149n, 230, 246n, 260, 275, 278, 319, 334, 349, 350, 360, 373, 412-13, 414, 430, 434, 444, 445, 447
asks for extension of authority: 247
command and powers: 243-49
and effort to strengthen the western defenses: 149-51, 154, 157, 264-65
mine defenses: 263-64
theory of defense: 249-58
Roosevelt, Franklin D.: 2, 4, 6, 11, 16, 23-25, 27-28, 28n, 29, 30-31, 31n, 32, 32n, 33, 35, 44, 45, 64, 69, 92n, 94-95, 126, 113n, 122n, 172
appoints Eisenhower to OVERLORD command: 114
decides to go ahead with GYMNAST: 31-32
disapproves of proposal to press Pacific rather
than European offensive: 27
interested in exploiting success in the Mediterranean: 35-36
and landing craft requirements: 64
opposes committing large armies in Italy, May 1943: 69
promises Stalin a second front: 24-25
proposes a British supreme commander: 44
role as military leader: 92
seeks advice on future offensive operations, March 1942: 15
at Tehran Conference: 123-26
urges active operations in 1942: 24-25
visited by Molotov: 24
Roosevelt, Brig. Gen. Theodore: 304n
ROUNDHAMMER: 66n
ROUNDUP: 9, 21, 22, 23, 27, 28n, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37-38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 46, 47, 54, 55-56, 56n, 57, 58, 65, 68, 79
concept of, 1941: 6-8
contingent on collapse of Germany: 79
fear of competition with TORCH: 32
Gen. Brooke's view of, May 1943: 68
idea of dispersed attacks abandoned as a result of Dieppe experience: 55-56
indefinite postponement of: 32
new plan for, June 1942: 22-23
resources drawn off by TORCH: 46-47
Roosevelt's attitude toward: 23
Royal Air Force: 12, 13, 17, 21, 130, 196, 197, 208, 209n. See also Allied Expeditionary Air Force.
Bomber Command: 111, 213, 214, 215
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 207-10
high command for invasion formed: 52, 53, 54
problem of establishing an over-all tactical air command: 107-08
Tactical Air Force, 2nd: 428
Rubercy: 367
Rudder, Lt. Col. James E.: 322, 322n
Ru fosses: 422
Ruguet River: 309n
Ruhr: 58
Rundstedt, von, Generalfeldmarschall Gerd: 130, 132n, 136, 142, 143, 144, 144n, 150, 154n, 156n, 175, 176, 235, 236, 237, 239, 242, 248n, 260, 263, 276, 278, 333, 333n, 348, 350, 375, 411, 412-13, 442, 443, 445, 447
alarmed by rail sabotage: 204-05
and Allied air attacks on French railroads: 224-25, 228
appointed Commander in Chief West: 130, 132
at Berchtesgaden: 140, 445, 446
and disagreement over defense tactics: 151, 152, 153-55, 156-57
power limited: 243-49
proposes formation of a central reserve: 154
relieved of command: 447
report on state of defenses, October 1943: 128, 140-41, 148
theories of defense conflict with Rommel's: 253-58
Russia. See Soviet Union.
Ryes: 321
–S–
S-Boote: 261
Sabotage: 203-07, 275, 360, 408, 410, 448
SAC. See Supreme Allied Commander.
St. Andre-de-l'Epine: 380, 381, 382
St. Christophe-du-Foc: 417
St. Come-du-Mont: 286, 287-88, 298, 347, 348, 356. 357
St. Contest: 332
St. Gabriel: 331
St. Georges de Bohon: 377
St. Georges-d'Elle: 373
St. Germain-le-Gaillard: 417
St. Germain-de-Varreville: 281, 329
St. Jacques-de-Nehou: 416
St. Jean-de-Daye: 371
St. Laurent: 181, 309, 309n, 315, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 337, 340
St. Leger: 338
St. Lô: 182, 183n, 185, 188, 297, 319n, 350, 351, 351n, 366, 368, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377-84, 386, 428, 443, 444
St. Lô-d'Ourville: 182, 185, 415, 416
St. Marcouf: 392
St. Marcouf Islands: 304
St. Martin-de-Blagny: 334
St. Martin-le Greard: 417, 419, 421
St. Martin-de-Varreville: 280, 280n, 281, 302
St. Mauvieu: 444
St. Paul-de-Verney: 371
St. Pierre-Eglise: 421
St. Pierre-du-Mont: 341
St. Sauveur de Pierre Pont: 182
St. Sauveur-le Vicomte: 185, 187, 286, 289, 401, 403, 404, 406, 413, 414, 415, 438
St. Sulpice: 321
Ste. Anne: 339
Ste. Marguerite-d'Elle: 376
Ste. Marie-du-Mont: 282, 283, 298, 302, 328, 347
Ste. Mère-Eglise: 182, 279, 280, 289, 290, 290n, 291, 297, 298, 300, 328, 329, 342, 344, 345, 387
Saire River: 422
Salcombe: 272
Salerno: 107, 110, 117, 152, 153
Salmuth, von, Generaloberst Hans: 154-55, 156n
Sanford, Maj. Teddy H.: 396, 400
Sardinia: 87
Satterlee: 322
Sattler, Generalmajor Robert: 436, 438
Saumur: 371
Schimpf, Generalleutnant Richard: 373
Schlieben, von, Generalleutnant Karl-Wilhelm: 147n, 297, 293n, 342, 344, 387, 393, 408, 414, 417, 418, 418n, 420, 421, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 434, 438, 443
Schmetzer, Generalleutnant Rudolf: 136
Schreiber, Lt. Gen. Edmond: 21
Schwarzwalder, Capt. F. V.: 292
Schweinfurt, air raid on: 210, 211
Schweppenburg, von. See Geyr.
SEA LION. See SEELÖWE.
Second front, demanded by Soviet Union: 24, 41, 120-21
Second landing, German speculation regarding: 350-51, 351n, 411-12
Seine: 8, 12, 16, 57, 72, 78, 81, 180, 185, 188, 228, 230, 408, 443, 444
Seine Bay: 276
Self-propelled guns: 197
Service troops, build-up reduced: 447-48
Seulles River: 331
Seventh Army Engineer School: 378n
SHAEF. See Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force.
Shanley, Lt. Col. Thomas J. B.: 293, 400
Shettle, Capt. Charles G.: 286, 347
Shingle, on OMAHA Beach: 308-09
Shipbuilding. See also Landing craft.
British: 102
Navy's 1944 program: 103-04
Shipping losses: 38-40, 63-64, 83, 84-86, 270, 309-13, 423-26, 426n
Shore obstacles. See Beach obstacles; Underwater obstacles.
Shortages, Allied: 336
ammunition: 336
landing craft: 63n, 75n, 101, 103
spare parts for landing craft: 170-71
supplies: 336
Shortages, German
cement: 263
pilots: 265
prime movers: 241
spare parts: 242
transport space: 410-11
trucks: 411
weapons: 368
Sicily: 29, 83, 86-87, 152, 153, 182, 183
Sigeville: 344
Silver Star: 390
Simmons, Lt. Col. Conrad: 432
Sinclair, Maj. Gen. J. A.: 55, 56
Sink, Col. Robert F.: 282-84, 348, 356, 357, 361
Slappey, Col. Eugene N.: 340
Slapton Sands: 270
SLEDGEHAMMER: 16, 17, 18n, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28-29, 30, 31, 35, 41, 65, 79
Combined Commanders directed to study: 12
difficulties posed by: 21-22
disadvantages: 12-13
found unfeasible: 27-30
Smith, Maj. Gen. Walter Bedell: 165, 165n, 166-67, 203n, 273
Smoke, use of: 191, 318, 324, 388, 395, 398
Smythe, Col. George W.: 404, 436
SNCF (Société National des Chemins de Fer): 204n, 205n, 225, 228
Sodenstern, von, General der Infanterie Georg: 144, 153, 155, 253
Soissons: 12
Somervell, Gen. Brehon B.: 26n
Southern Base Section: 269
Southern France. See France, Southern.
Southampton: 269
Soviet Union: 9, 11, 12, 16, 17, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 35, 36, 37, 38, 42, 68, 69, 77, 83, 88, 93, 121n, 122n, 125, 144n, 168. See also Stalin.
co-ordination of OVERLORD with: 69-70, 168
demand for "second front": 24-25, 41, 120-22
draws German troops from Western front: 141-43, 145, 146-47
estimates of capabilities: 11-12, 24-25, 30
German invasion of: 129-30
offensive operations: 38, 88, 120, 233-35
nationals conscripted by German Army: 145, 146
participation in Tehran Conference: 123-26
views on Mediterranean operations: 120-26
Spaatz, Lt. Gen. Carl: 20, 20n, 47, 213, 218, 219, 221, 222, 224
Spalding, 2nd Lt. John M.: 324
Special Air Service: 207
Special Army Observer: 1
Special Force Headquarters: 205n
Special Naval Observer: 1
Special Operations branch of OSS: 203, 205
Special Operations Executive: 200-02, 203, 205, 276
Speer, Reich Minister Albert: 136, 228, 265
Speidel, Generalleutnant Hans: 278, 413n
Sperrle, Generalfeldmarschall Hugo: 243, 278
Spotter planes: 434
Sprindis, Capt. Stephen W.: 441
SS divisions: 240
SS panzer-type divisions: 240
Stagg, Group Captain J. M.: 272, 276
Stalin, Joseph: 24, 43, 77. See also Soviet Union.
at Tehran Conference: 123-26
urges assault on Southern France: 123-25, 168
Stark, Admiral Harold R.: 2, 3, 53, 102, 160
STARKEY: 70
State Department: 203
Static defense, German theories of: 151-57
Static divisions, German: 175, 237
Stegmann, Generalmajor Rudolf: 414n, 416
Stopka, Lt. Col. John P.: 359
Storm, 19–23 June: 422, 423-26, 426n
Strafford, Group Capt. S. C., 5n
Strafing attacks: 338, 410, 428, 429
Strategic air forces. See U.S. Strategic Air Forces.
Strayer, Lt. Col. Robert L.: 282
Sturm Battalion, organization: 260n
Sub chasers: 104
Submarines, German: 29, 38-40, 45, 63-64, 421
bases: 136
construction of pens: 131, 137
construction yards as target: 208, 209, 211-12, 212n
defeated by Allies: 83-86
Supreme Allied Commander. See also Eisenhower.
controversy over powers of: 108-12
directive to: 457-58
Eisenhower's appointment as: 158, 164
Summers, S/Sgt. Harrison: 281, 281n
Supply: 336, 447-48, 442n, 351. See also Artificial
ports; Shortages.
delayed build-up: 351
establishment of supply points urged: 340
of French Resistance: 201-03, 201n, 203n, 207
hampered by storm: 422, 423-26
for invasion, transport of: 269-70
by LCVP: 341
by LST: 423
total build-up, 18 June 1944: 423
Support craft, shortage of: 101
Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force. See also Eisenhower.
and the ANVIL-OVERLORD debate, January-March 1944: 170-73
and bombing of French railroads: 217-18, 223-24
and French Resistance: 202, 205, 206
and the NEPTUNE Plans: 173-83
U. S. organization: 114-17, 158-62
Surles, Maj. Gen. Alexander D., 26n
Surprise, tactical: 73, 74, 76, 188-89, 191, 275-76
Surprise attack: 289
Surrain: 328
Sweden: 121
Switch lines, German: 153, 156
Switzerland: 258
–T–
Table of Organization: 184
Tactical Air Command, IX. See Ninth Air Force.
Tactical Air Force, RAF: 54, 112
Tactical Air Force, 2nd: 428
Tactical air forces, U. S. See Ninth Air Force;
Twelfth Air Force.
Tactical loading: 75, 103, 170, 171
Tactics of the assault forces: 190-93
Talley, Col. Benjamin B.: 320, 320n
Tanatside: 322n
Tank Battalions
746th: 329, 344, 348, 392n, 406
899th: 392n
Tank fire: 340
Tank obstacles: 250
Tankdozers: 193
Tank-infantry attack: 340, 344, 348, 383-84, 387-88, 422
Tanks, DD: 192n, 304, 309, 315
losses: 242
Mark III: 242
Mark V: 240
production: 240-42
Tanks, use of: 197, 329, 340-41, 344, 347-48, 352-53, 381, 392, 406-08, 422, 431, 433, 441
as close support artillery: 192
difficulty of coordinating with infantry in hedgerow country: 383-84
fire fight with enemy assault guns: 344
in invasion: 92-93
Tarawa operation: 193
Taret de Ravenoville: 342, 392
Task Force Barber: 392
Task Force 0: 187, 190, 194, 269, 270, 272. 301, 322n
Task Force U: 190, 269, 270, 272, 301
Task Force 122: 160
Taute Canal. See Vire-Taute Canal.
Taylor, Col. George A.: 319, 324-25
Taylor, Maj. Gen. Maxwell: 283, 283n, 347, 364. See
also Airborne Division, 101st.
Tedder, Air Marshal Sir Arthur W.: 203, 220, 220n, 221, 273
Tehran Conference: 121, 123, 123n, 128, 168, 169
Teller mines: 264
Terre-de-Beauval: 401, 403, 415
Tetrahedra, 250. See also Beach obstacles.
Theil, le: 419
Third Air Force: 243, 252, 266, 395
Third U.S. Army: 188, 188n, 447
Thompson, Col. James V.: 401
Thompson, Lt. Col. Paul W.: 162
Thury: 349
Tidal conditions: 189-90, 317, 317n
Tiger (Mark VI) tank: 241, 270
Tilly-sur-Seulles: 338, 348, 374, 375, 377, 444
Timmes, Lt. Col. Charles J.: 291, 292, 396, 398, 400
TINDALL: 70
Tobruk: 25
Todt. See Organization Todt.
Tollevast: 429
TORCH: 31-35, 31n, 32n, 44, 165n
attitude of British Chiefs of Staff: 32
attitude of U.S. Chiefs of Staff: 32
chosen as code name for North African operation: 31
competes with OVERLORD for consideration as main effort: 90
drain on European theater: 46-47
formation of planning staff for: 31-32
Torigni-sur-Vire: 442n
Torpedo Boat Flotilla, 5th: 301
Torpedo Boat Flotilla, 9th: 301
Torpedo planes: 153-54
Torpedoes, human: 179
Torpedoes, remote-controlled: 261
Torquay: 272
Toulon: 442n
Touques River: 181
Tour-en-Bessin: 339
Tourlaville: 428, 430, 432, 433
Training, 274-75
for airborne operations: 184, 184n
assault exercises: 160-62, 269, 270
Assault Training Center set up in England: 162-64
defects in: 402-03
tank-infantry tactics: 383-84
hampered by construction program: 252-53, 253n
parachute jumping: 239n
pilots: 265-67
Transport planes: 279
Transport space, defined: 410n
Tree burst: 430
Treipel, Generalmajor Gerhard: 280n
Trevieres: 181, 337, 353, 366, 368, 369, 370n
Tribolet, Col. Harvey A.: 302, 390, 393
Troop quality, German: 142, 146-47, 239, 420-21, 448
Troop strength, Allied: 47n
German estimate of: 351-52
U.S. troops in England, January 1944: 158n
Troop strength, German. See also German Army.
in defense of Cherbourg: 417
divisions available on 6 June 1944: 471
estimate of: 174-76
in France 1944: 235
Trotebec: 430
Turkey: 9, 35, 41-42, 120, 121, 122, 125
Turnbull, Lt. Turner B.: 290
Turner, Rear Adm. R. K.: 5n
Turner, Lt. Col. William L.: 282-83
Turqueville: 297, 302, 328, 342
Twelfth Air Force: 47, 208, 212, 212n
–U–
U-boats. See Submarines, German.
Underground, French. See French Resistance.
Underwater obstacles: 177n, 250, 250n, 304. See also Beach obstacles.
U.S. Army Forces in the British Isles (USAFBI) : 22
U.S. Atlantic Fleet: 84
U.S. bases: 19
U.S. Strategic Air Forces (USSTAF) . See also Eighth Air Force; Fifteenth Air Force.
and bombing of French railroads: 217-20
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 207-17
Eisenhower takes over direction of: 223
establishment and organization: 212-13, 213n
U.S. tactical air forces. See Ninth Air Force; Twelfth Air Force.
UTAH BEACH: 182, 183, 185, 186, 190, 196, 284, 297, 301, 313, 329, 448
storm damage: 426
–V–
V-weapons: 138-40, 140n, 150, 215-17, 252, 412, 412n, 413, 422. See also Rockets.
Valdecie, le: 415
Valognes: 187, 187n, 328, 395, 403, 413, 414, 415, 417, 418, 418n, 419, 429
Van Fleet, Col. James A.: 302, 393
Vandervoort, Lt. Col. Benjamin H.: 290, 290n, 344
Vast, le: 260
Vasteville: 419
Vaubadon: 366
Vaux-sur-Orne: 332
Vaux-sur-Seulles: 332
Vertical envelopment: 185-86
Vian, Rear Adm. Philip: 190
Vichy France, occupation of: 143
"Victory Program": 96
Vidal, Gen. See Delestrain.
Videcosville: 387
Vidouville: 380
Vierville-sur-Mer: 72, 180n, 181, 182, 286, 308, 309, 309n, 313, 326, 329, 347, 350, 357
Villers-Bocage: 373, 374, 375, 444, 445, 446
Villiers-Fossard: 381, 382, 383, 384n, 444
Villiers-le-Sec: 330
Viney, Col. Alvin G.: 441
Vire River: 73, 180, 181, 182, 187n, 264, 321, 333, 350, 356, 357, 360, 361, 364, 365, 371, 372, 374, 376, 377, 378n, 380, 382, 411, 443, 444
Volksliste drei: 145-46
Volkswagen: 371
Volunteers, German. See Freiwilligen.
Voroshilov, Marshal K. E.: 121
–W–
WADHAM: 70
Walsh, Air Marshal Sir William: 4n
War Cabinet: 222-23
War Production Board: 103
Warfield, Lt. Col. William E.: 368
Warlimont, General der Artillerie Walter: 143, 143n, 412
Washington Conference, May 1943: 64-70, 83, 87, 88, 90n, 99, 100-01, 209
Weapons. See entries for various types of weapons.
Weather: 86n, 130, 210, 276n, 313, 317, 319
D-day forecast: 272-74
forecasting: 73
German meteorologists: 276
hampers air operations: 300-01
storm over Channel, 19–23 June: 422, 423-26
Weathers, Capt. Ornery C.: 369, 370n
Wehrmachtführungsstab, WFSt: 135
Welborn, Lt. Col. John C.: 344, 344n
Wemyss, Lt. Gen. Sir Colville: 4, 4n
Werfer regiments: 231n
West, Maj. Gen. Charles A.: 166
Western Defense Forces: 301
Western defenses, German efforts to rebuild: 148-57
Western Naval Task Force: 190, 194, 197n
Weymouth: 272
Whitefoord, Maj. Gen. P. G.: 217-18
Wiggins, Col. Porter B.: 417
Wilkes, Rear Adm. John: 160, 160n
Williams, Brigadier E. T.: 319n
Wilson, Charles E.: 103-04
Wilson, Gen. Sir Henry Maitland: 170, 172
Winant, John G.: 122
Wisner, Lt. John H.: 291
Witzleben, von, Generalfeldmarschall Erwin: 130. 131-32, 132n
Wood, Col. Sterling A.: 417, 418
Woolacombe: 162
Wyche, Maj. Gen. Ira T.: 417, 417n, 418. See also Infantry Division, 79th.
–W–
Wyman, Brig. Gen. Willard G.: 328
–X–
XAP: 127
–Y–
Yarmouth: 272
–Z–
Zeebrugge: 57
Zeitzler, Generaloberst Kurt: 135, 136, 135n
ZITADELLE: 144